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基本介紹

他(ta)是鄂(e)豫皖(wan)革(ge)命根據地和紅四方面軍創始人之一，曾任紅二十(shi)五軍軍長、軍政委，鄂(e)豫陜省(sheng)委代理書記等(deng)重要職(zhi)務(wu)。

1926年(nian)，吳(wu)煥先(xian)(xian)在黨的領導下，建(jian)立(li)起(qi)一支(zhi)農(nong)民武(wu)裝(zhuang)。1927年(nian)11月(yue)，吳(wu)煥先(xian)(xian)參加并(bing)領導了著名的黃(huang)麻起(qi)義。1932年(nian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)組(zu)建(jian)成立(li)后(hou)，吳(wu)煥先(xian)(xian)任軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)。次年(nian)3月(yue)，吳(wu)煥先(xian)(xian)指揮紅(hong)(hong)(hong)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)在郭家河將(jiang)敵(di)35師(shi)104旅兩(liang)個團全部殲滅，俘(fu)敵(di)2000多(duo)(duo)名，隨后(hou)在潘家河殲滅敵(di)一個團。接(jie)著，又(you)在楊(yang)泗(si)寨殲敵(di)300多(duo)(duo)名。三戰三捷，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)聲(sheng)威大(da)震。1934年(nian)11月(yue)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)高舉“中國(guo)工(gong)農(nong)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)北上抗日第二先(xian)(xian)遣(qian)隊(dui)”的旗幟，踏上長(chang)征之路。當時他(ta)們(men)只(zhi)有2980多(duo)(duo)人，遭(zao)到國(guo)民黨近十(shi)萬部隊(dui)的圍(wei)(wei)追堵截。吳(wu)煥先(xian)(xian)在極端困難情況下，率(lv)領紅(hong)(hong)(hong)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)攻克鎮安縣(xian)城(cheng)，占領寧陜、佛(fo)坪、洛(luo)南(nan)等縣(xian)城(cheng)，建(jian)立(li)了華陽革(ge)命(ming)(ming)根據地、豫陜邊革(ge)命(ming)(ming)根據地，為粉碎敵(di)人兩(liang)次“圍(wei)(wei)剿”，創建(jian)鄂豫陜革(ge)命(ming)(ming)根據地，擴大(da)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)作出(chu)重(zhong)大(da)貢獻。

1935年7月，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)北(bei)(bei)出秦嶺，威逼西安。吳(wu)煥先獲知(zhi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)四方面軍(jun)(jun)(jun)和中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)北(bei)(bei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)動向的消(xiao)息后，毅然決(jue)定西進甘肅迎接黨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)，北(bei)(bei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)會(hui)合(he)陜甘紅(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)，有力地(di)配合(he)了(le)黨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)、中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)北(bei)(bei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。1935年8月21日，吳(wu)煥先在(zai)涇川四坡村(cun)羊(yang)圈洼戰斗中(zhong)(zhong)英勇犧牲，年僅28歲(sui)。隨后，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長徐海東(dong)、政(zheng)治委(wei)員程(cheng)子華率領下與陜北(bei)(bei)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)會(hui)師。毛澤東(dong)對紅(hong)(hong)(hong)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)領導深(shen)情地(di)說：“紅(hong)(hong)(hong)二(er)十五(wu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)遠征為中(zhong)(zhong)國革命(ming)立(li)了(le)大(da)功，吳(wu)煥先功不可沒(mei)。”

景點景觀

涇川縣(xian)委(wei)、縣(xian)政府(fu)以(yi)紅25軍激戰四坡村(cun)時(shi)的指揮(hui)所(suo)“紅軍樓”和(he)吳煥先烈士陵園為基礎，建立青少年愛國主(zhu)義教(jiao)育(yu)基地(di)，搜集整理紅25軍革命文物，布設(she)展室。2005年以(yi)來，涇川縣(xian)愛國主(zhu)義教(jiao)育(yu)基地(di)被平(ping)涼(liang)市委(wei)命名為“市級黨史教(jiao)育(yu)基地(di)”，列入甘肅省愛國主(zhu)義教(jiao)育(yu)紀念館免費開放名單。近年，共接(jie)待游客(ke)100多(duo)萬(wan)人(ren)次。

根據《陳(chen)展(zhan)大綱》，吳(wu)(wu)(wu)煥(huan)(huan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)烈(lie)(lie)士紀(ji)念(nian)館分兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)板塊布展(zhan)。吳(wu)(wu)(wu)煥(huan)(huan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)烈(lie)(lie)士紀(ji)念(nian)館板塊從(cong)5個(ge)方面陳(chen)展(zhan)：吳(wu)(wu)(wu)煥(huan)(huan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)是鄂(e)豫皖革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)根據地(di)和(he)紅(hong)四方面軍(jun)創始人(ren)之一；吳(wu)(wu)(wu)煥(huan)(huan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)率25軍(jun)長征，并為25軍(jun)的壯大和(he)粉碎(sui)敵人(ren)兩(liang)(liang)次“圍剿”作出重(zhong)大貢獻；吳(wu)(wu)(wu)煥(huan)(huan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)在陜(shan)南創建鄂(e)豫陜(shan)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)根據地(di)；吳(wu)(wu)(wu)煥(huan)(huan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)在涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)(chuan)的革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)活動(dong)；吳(wu)(wu)(wu)煥(huan)(huan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)壯烈(lie)(lie)犧(xi)牲于涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)(chuan)。涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)(chuan)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)歷史(shi)(shi)板塊分4個(ge)方面陳(chen)展(zhan)：大革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)，國(guo)民革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)軍(jun)北伐途(tu)徑涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)(chuan)、馮玉祥“涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)(chuan)訓令(ling)碑(bei)”和(he)其他歷史(shi)(shi)人(ren)物、事件；土地(di)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)，建立涇(jing)(jing)河川(chuan)(chuan)支部的王孝錫及"鳳翔路口起義"、荔堡(bao)阻擊戰等重(zhong)要人(ren)物、事件；抗日戰爭(zheng)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)(chuan)人(ren)民的抗日救亡、紅(hong)村子運動(dong)、支前和(he)迎(ying)接解放等革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)運動(dong)；解放戰爭(zheng)期(qi)間涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)(chuan)的革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)活動(dong)。整個(ge)布展(zhan)以歷史(shi)(shi)照片和(he)文物為主，并采(cai)用蠟(la)像、浮雕和(he)聲光(guang)電等手段，烘托(tuo)主題(ti)、見(jian)證歷史(shi)(shi)，增強對參觀者的吸引力。