四恩寺的歷史起源及發展概況
四恩寺(si)于(yu)2001年(農歷(li)八月初六)開工建(jian)(jian)設,是(shi)嶺南現(xian)代第一寺(si),占(zhan)地(di)65.7畝,總建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)18000平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi),整個古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群(qun)仿明清(qing)風(feng)格(ge),氣勢磅礴,符(fu)合陰(yin)陽(yang)宇宙觀(guan)和(he)對稱、穩(wen)重的(de)審美(mei)觀(guan)。整個佛寺(si)規(gui)(gui)劃格(ge)局(ju)呈現(xian)為(wei)七個平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺,寓含“勝造七級浮屠”之意。規(gui)(gui)劃建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)有上山進(jin)寺(si)臺階、天王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、韋馱殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、鐘(zhong)樓(lou)、鼓樓(lou)、大(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、東(dong)廂(xiang)(xiang)房(fang)(fang)、西廂(xiang)(xiang)房(fang)(fang)、觀(guan)音殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、地(di)藏(zang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、法(fa)堂(tang)(tang)、文殊(shu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、普(pu)賢殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、藏(zang)經(jing)樓(lou)、寶塔、閱(yue)經(jing)亭(ting)等。2006年9月27日開光(guang)(guang)前,四恩寺(si)已完成(cheng)一期投資約(yue)3000多(duo)萬元(yuan)(總投資為(wei)7000萬元(yuan)),建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)規(gui)(gui)模宏大(da)(da)的(de)大(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、東(dong)西廂(xiang)(xiang)房(fang)(fang)、鐘(zhong)樓(lou)、鼓樓(lou)、牌坊等建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。其它建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)將(jiang)在開光(guang)(guang)后按(an)規(gui)(gui)劃完成(cheng)。其中大(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)于(yu)2003年建(jian)(jian)成(cheng),占(zhan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)1245平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi), 建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)1489平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。大(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong),是(shi)對佛的(de)道德法(fa)力(li)的(de)尊(zun)稱,具體指的(de)是(shi)佛有大(da)(da)力(li),能伏“五(wu)陰(yin)魔(mo)”、“煩惱魔(mo)”、“死魔(mo)”、“天子魔(mo)”等“四魔(mo)”。四恩寺(si)大(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)中間供(gong)奉(feng)著三(san)尊(zun)檀香木涂金佛像。已建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)的(de)東(dong)西廂(xiang)(xiang)房(fang)(fang)占(zhan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)1240平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)、總建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)4190平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi),主(zhu)要(yao)用做客堂(tang)(tang)、齋堂(tang)(tang)、佛經(jing)流處、祖堂(tang)(tang)、功(gong)德堂(tang)(tang)及(ji)運水堂(tang)(tang)等;大(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)廣場面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)3000多(duo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。
四恩寺的主體建筑及分布位置
大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)占地(di)面(mian)積(ji)1245平方(fang)米(mi),殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內可同時容(rong)納(na)1000多人(ren)舉(ju)行法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)事活動(dong)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)25.6米(mi),供(gong)奉(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)釋迦牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像高(gao)(gao)9.5米(mi),其中(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)身高(gao)(gao)6.6米(mi),其規模(mo)在(zai)國內排(pai)在(zai)前茅,比著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)杭州靈隱寺(si)(si)大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)規模(mo)還要(yao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(杭州靈隱寺(si)(si)大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)占地(di)1030平方(fang)米(mi),供(gong)奉(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)釋迦牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)身高(gao)(gao)5.3米(mi))。四恩寺(si)(si)大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)中(zhong)間(jian)供(gong)奉(feng)著三(san)尊檀(tan)香(xiang)木(mu)涂金佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像:正(zheng)中(zhong)是(shi)結跏(jia)跌(die)坐(zuo)、表情(qing)(qing)安詳的(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)祖(zu)釋迦牟尼,左手橫置左足(zu)(zu)上(shang)(shang)(shang),作“定(ding)印”,表示(shi)禪定(ding);右手向上(shang)(shang)(shang)曲指作環(huan)形,作“說(shuo)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)印”,表現(xian)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)祖(zu)在(zai)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)會上(shang)(shang)(shang)說(shuo)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)開講時的(de)(de)(de)(de)瞬間(jian)。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)祖(zu)坐(zuo)在(zai)蓮(lian)(lian)花(hua)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(蓮(lian)(lian)花(hua),“出淤泥而不染”,是(shi)潔凈、凈土的(de)(de)(de)(de)象(xiang)(xiang)征,凈中(zhong)之凈土就是(shi)西方(fang)極(ji)樂世界;蓮(lian)(lian)花(hua)還是(shi)女陰的(de)(de)(de)(de)象(xiang)(xiang)征,人(ren)生于彼(bi)而死后(hou)復歸于彼(bi)獲得再生);左邊年長抱拳的(de)(de)(de)(de)一位(wei)是(shi)迦葉尊者,右邊年輕合掌(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一位(wei)是(shi)阿難尊者。這(zhe)已成(cheng)為(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種固定(ding)建筑形式。大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)正(zheng)面(mian)走廊(lang)有兩根騰云駕霧的(de)(de)(de)(de)龍(long)(long)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),龍(long)(long)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)正(zheng)面(mian)兩條(tiao)龍(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)龍(long)(long)頭向外,表示(shi)接(jie)引(yin)信眾(zhong)、天下客人(ren);龍(long)(long)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)內側兩條(tiao)龍(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)龍(long)(long)頭向內,表示(shi)守護大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、佛(fo)(fo)(fo)祖(zu)。后(hou)面(mian)有一條(tiao)小龍(long)(long),精神抖擻(sou),龍(long)(long)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)情(qing)(qing)味十足(zu)(zu)。
鐘鼓樓
大(da)(da)雄寶殿前(qian)廣場左為(wei)(wei)鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou),右為(wei)(wei)鼓(gu)樓(lou),鐘(zhong)(zhong)鼓(gu)樓(lou)各(ge)占地面積50平方米(mi)(mi),為(wei)(wei)兩層明清風格建筑。鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)的銅(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)浙(zhe)江溫(wen)州制造,重6.6噸、高(gao)3.6米(mi)(mi),輕輕一敲,聲音悅耳,回音長(chang)達兩、三分鐘(zhong)(zhong),大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)的表面雕(diao)有(you)《金(jin)剛經》經文(wen)。將經文(wen)刻在大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)上,意思就是要弘揚佛法,讓(rang)佛經傳諸(zhu)久遠。擊鐘(zhong)(zhong)一下,字字皆(jie)聲,等于誦讀一遍經文(wen),功德(de)無量。鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)的壁畫(hua)畫(hua)的是西游記的故事(shi)。鼓(gu)樓(lou)上的大(da)(da)鼓(gu)為(wei)(wei)浙(zhe)江溫(wen)州的水(shui)牛皮制成,直徑 2米(mi)(mi)多,用四個木雕(diao)獅子做鼓(gu)架。
佛塔(擬建)
四恩寺將于2012年(nian)(nian)3月(yue)份開(kai)工,在藏經閣后山建設一座大型佛塔。該塔由圍合廂房、塔身、大平臺和上(shang)平臺步級(ji)組成(cheng),計劃2016年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底建成(cheng)使用。
據張貼在白云(yun)山(shan)上的(de)宣傳資料(liao)介紹(shao),新建的(de)四恩寺佛(fo)塔(ta)位(wei)于(yu)白云(yun)山(shan)風景名(ming)勝區內,整個(ge)佛(fo)塔(ta)建筑總層(ceng)數為(wei)20層(ceng)。以(yi)塔(ta)樓外(wai)廣場為(wei)界面,分上下兩部分。其中塔(ta)身共9層(ceng),高46米,廣場以(yi)下部分為(wei)11層(ceng)的(de)廂房,構成了(le)一個(ge)承托塔(ta)樓的(de)大(da)平臺。
據介紹,塔樓的(de)平面形式為六(liu)邊(bian)形,塔內設有(you)樓梯供人上下(xia),塔身外(wai)觀做(zuo)成仿木制門、窗、柱(zhu)、枋和(he)斗(dou)拱等(deng)造(zao)型。該工程(cheng)計劃總投資2900多萬元(yuan)。
四(si)恩(en)寺住持成清大師向記者(zhe)介紹,該佛(fo)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)作為(wei)四(si)恩(en)寺整體規劃的一部分,建成后,將在塔(ta)(ta)(ta)內供奉10000尊佛(fo)像,且對外(wai)開放,信徒和游客可登塔(ta)(ta)(ta)觀光。