歷史沿革
中(zhong)會(hui)寺的歷史悠久,根據(ju)重修記載,該寺在(zai)唐(tang)代就已經(jing)存在(zai),幾經(jing)水火,多次重修,現在(zai)的建(jian)筑(zhu)大多具有明代的風(feng)格.中(zhong)會(hui)寺分(fen)上下兩殿(dian),前殿(dian)臨澗,后殿(dian)依山(shan),布局巧妙。
主(zhu)要(yao)建筑除(chu)前殿、后殿外,還(huan)有(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)地樓(lou)、韋馱樓(lou)、鐘鼓(gu)樓(lou)、禪堂(tang)等。殿內有(you)(you)精美(mei)的(de)雕塑和彩繪。 中(zhong)會寺(si)的(de)景點除(chu)凈瓶(ping)峰(feng)外,還(huan)有(you)(you)滴水(shui)蜃(shen)樓(lou)、西湖井、寶(bao)泉(quan)玲瓏(long)洞、寶(bao)珠天(tian)(tian)井、犀牛望月、石(shi)堆鐵羅漢、觀音(yin)倒(dao)背、海(hai)螺峰(feng)等,被統稱這(zhe)中(zhong)會十二景。
中會寺位于千(qian)山(shan)中溝,是千(qian)山(shan)五大禪林之(zhi)一,系市級重點文物(wu)保護(hu)單位。
地理位置
再前行一(yi)里(li)便(bian)可到達(da)中會(hui)寺(si)。中會(hui)寺(si)的(de)歷史悠久,根據重修記載,該寺(si)在(zai)唐代就已經(jing)存在(zai),幾經(jing)水火,多次重修,現在(zai)的(de)建筑大(da)多具有(you)明代的(de)風格.中會(hui)寺(si)分(fen)上(shang)下兩(liang)殿(dian),前殿(dian)臨澗(jian),后殿(dian)依山,布(bu)局(ju)巧(qiao)妙。
中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)寺山(shan)門修建于民國23年(1934年),此山(shan)門是(shi)(shi)千山(shan)為數(shu)不多(duo)的(de)(de)排樓(lou)式的(de)(de)建筑,而在山(shan)門上有(you)一(yi)副對(dui)聯寫道(dao)“為滌塵(chen)襟尋寶剎,愿新廟貌煥(huan)靈光”,在橫額上寫道(dao)“中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)古(gu)剎”四個字,這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)一(yi)景,這(zhe)副對(dui)聯意思是(shi)(shi)說人(ren)們(men)遠(yuan)離塵(chen)世(shi)的(de)(de)喧嘩與煩惱,來(lai)到了僻靜的(de)(de)古(gu)寺,希望嶄新的(de)(de)廟宇能煥(huan)發出神靈的(de)(de)光茫(mang),庇(bi)佑(you)著虔誠的(de)(de)人(ren)們(men)。
兩(liang)側山門上有“林(lin)部(bu)”“哩汔”“祗垣”和“覺場”等,這些(xie)都是(shi)佛教用語,是(shi)指中會寺是(shi)僧(seng)人們(men)練功和休息的(de)精室美舍。“尚(shang)禮松”如一位忠誠的(de)哨兵守衛(wei)在(zai)(zai)山門前(qian),又有如彬彬有禮的(de)門童在(zai)(zai)歡迎(ying)諸(zhu)位的(de)到來,它已經在(zai)(zai)這里有400年的(de)日(ri)日(ri)夜(ye)夜(ye)。
人文景觀
中會(hui)寺(si)(si)是千山五大禪林之一,位于(yu)千山仙人臺景(jing)區的五老峰山坡上,因(yin)為(wei)(wei)北有(you)龍泉、祖越寺(si)(si)南有(you)大安寺(si)(si)香巖寺(si)(si),而安居(ju)于(yu)中心位置(zhi)。是千山諸(zhu)高僧開會(hui)、議事講經說法的道場,故名中會(hui)寺(si)(si)。其四(si)周的壑(he)谷中梨樹很多(duo),五月漫山遍谷,一片雪白,香氣四(si)溢,又叫香雪寺(si)(si)。中會(hui)寺(si)(si)始(shi)建(jian)(jian)于(yu)漢,后經唐、宋、元、明(ming)各代修建(jian)(jian),現占地(di)面積為(wei)(wei)527平方米,殿宇依山臨洞,高低錯落,與四(si)周山峰渾然(ran)一體,不僅布局(ju)十分(fen)(fen)精巧,而且建(jian)(jian)筑工藝亦十分(fen)(fen)優(you)美(mei)。中會(hui)寺(si)(si)建(jian)(jian)筑集(ji)明(ming)代歇山式(shi)和(he)清代硬山式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑風格于(yu)一身,許多(duo)建(jian)(jian)筑別具一格,堪(kan)稱山中一絕(jue),倍受游人鐘愛(ai)。
中(zhong)會寺的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),明顯的(de)有新舊之(zhi)分,新的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)毗盧(lu)寶殿(dian),是(shi)中(zhong)會寺最宏偉的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),大殿(dian)占地面(mian)積400平方米(mi),為(wei)仿(fang)宋建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),高(gao)16米(mi),屬三層飛(fei)檐斗拱雕建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)風(feng)格(ge),里面(mian)供(gong)奉著亞洲第(di)一(yi)千佛(fo),其頭高(gao)2米(mi),身(shen)高(gao)3米(mi),蓮花(hua)座7米(mi),總高(gao)度(du)12米(mi),重13,6噸,內為(wei)銅塑(su),外部18K金鉑(bo)包裹。大殿(dian)兩側壁畫(hua)按逆時針方向依次為(wei)佛(fo)祖(zu)釋迦牟尼從出生涅盤(pan)的(de)過程(cheng)。
轉過大(da)(da)殿(dian),可以看(kan)見比較(jiao)古老的建筑。首(shou)先(xian),看(kan)到的是(shi)(shi)天(tian)地(di)樓(lou)(lou),它(ta)(ta)是(shi)(shi)千山(shan)唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座蕪(wu)殿(dian)式廟宇(yu)建筑,磚木結構,面積達2l平方米,東西各有(you)(you)小門樓(lou)(lou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座,頗具(ju)小巧美(mei)(mei)之特點,居高臨遠(yuan),美(mei)(mei)不(bu)勝(sheng)收(shou)。天(tian)地(di)樓(lou)(lou)對面是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)棵三(san)(san)百年的古柏,此樹有(you)(you)淡(dan)淡(dan)的香(xiang)氣,也被稱(cheng)為香(xiang)柏樹,在樹后是(shi)(shi)觀(guan)音(yin)殿(dian),殿(dian)門前上有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)幅楹聯“大(da)(da)慈大(da)(da)悲(bei)觀(guan)音(yin)愿,救(jiu)苦救(jiu)難(nan)菩薩心”,是(shi)(shi)說觀(guan)音(yin)是(shi)(shi)世(shi)間最具(ju)同情心的大(da)(da)慈大(da)(da)悲(bei)救(jiu)難(nan)菩薩。殿(dian)內(nei)供奉的是(shi)(shi)千手千眼觀(guan)音(yin)。它(ta)(ta)是(shi)(shi)觀(guan)音(yin)三(san)(san)十(shi)三(san)(san)法身(shen)之一(yi)(yi)(yi),相傳她有(you)(you)二(er)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)只(zhi)手和二(er)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)只(zhi)眼睛(jing),每只(zhi)手和每只(zhi)眼睛(jing)都(dou)有(you)(you)40種法力,故稱(cheng)為千手千眼。兩側為文殊和普賢菩薩。他們分別(bie)騎著獅(shi)子和大(da)(da)象,代表著智慧(hui)和真理。殿(dian)兩側還有(you)(you)十(shi)八羅漢(han),整個觀(guan)音(yin)殿(dian)內(nei)也都(dou)是(shi)(shi)銅佛為主(zhu)。
繞過(guo)觀音殿(dian)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)會寺(si)正(zheng)殿(dian)祗(zhi)圓法(fa)界(jie),這(zhe)里(li)是高(gao)僧講(jiang)經(jing)的(de)精室美(mei)舍,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)供(gong)奉著佛(fo)主釋(shi)(shi)迦如(ru)(ru)來,整(zheng)個(ge)殿(dian)廟重建于明(ming)萬歷八年,面(mian)(mian)積100平方米(mi),殿(dian)內(nei)供(gong)的(de)橫三世佛(fo),中(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)釋(shi)(shi)迦如(ru)(ru)來,右為(wei)消災廷壽藥師佛(fo),右為(wei)阿彌陀佛(fo),東西為(wei)韋陀,西面(mian)(mian)為(wei)伽藍(lan)菩薩(sa)。位于五(wu)(wu)老峰(feng)南坡(po)上有(you)一白色磚(zhuan)塔(ta),高(gao)2米(mi),四棱形(xing)呈(cheng)白色,遠(yuan)看如(ru)(ru)瓶,故名為(wei)凈瓶峰(feng),塔(ta)基甚(shen)小,僅能容五(wu)(wu)六人(ren)并肩而立,足下百(bai)丈深崖(ya),令(ling)人(ren)毛骨悚然。從西向東望去,大(da)殿(dian)斜脊(ji)(ji)呈(cheng)八字形(xing),兩邊(bian)跑(pao)獸排列有(you)序,大(da)尾直豎,形(xing)成尖狀(zhuang),遠(yuan)處凈瓶峰(feng)上白色的(de)寶(bao)(bao)塔(ta)與大(da)殿(dian)斜脊(ji)(ji)前后相疊(die),高(gao)低錯落,構成一幅美(mei)麗(li)的(de)圖畫(hua),又稱斜脊(ji)(ji)寶(bao)(bao)塔(ta)。中(zhong)(zhong)會寺(si)自然風光也十(shi)分美(mei)麗(li),寺(si)內(nei)有(you)犀牛望月,寺(si)西有(you)“觀音倒坐”“海螺峰(feng)”“寶(bao)(bao)劍刺魚(yu)”,被譽為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)會十(shi)二景,它們各具特色,維(wei)妙維(wei)銷,千姿百(bai)態(tai),變幻無窮,惹人(ren)流(liu)連忘返。
寺內介紹
中(zhong)會(hui)寺系千(qian)山(shan)"五(wu)大(da)(da)禪(chan)(chan)林(lin)"之(zhi)一。因(yin)居(ju)五(wu)寺之(zhi)中(zhong),且昔年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)五(wu)寺僧(seng)侶(lv)多集(ji)會(hui)于(yu)(yu)此,故(gu)名(ming)"中(zhong)會(hui)"。寺周曲徑幽深,大(da)(da)殿(dian)樓閣掩映在濃蔭疏影之(zhi)間。毗盧遮那銅(tong)佛(fo)就坐落在廟(miao)內,銅(tong)佛(fo)高13米(mi),重30噸,為(wei)鞍山(shan)"三(san)佛(fo)"之(zhi)一,是(shi)游覽絕佳的(de)勝(sheng)地。關于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)會(hui)寺的(de)名(ming)稱(cheng),有三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)說(shuo)法:第(di)一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)認為(wei),中(zhong)會(hui)寺地處千(qian)山(shan)五(wu)大(da)(da)禪(chan)(chan)林(lin)之(zhi)中(zhong)間故(gu)而(er)得(de)名(ming);第(di)二(er)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)認為(wei),龍(long)泉、祖(zu)越(yue)、大(da)(da)安、香(xiang)巖、中(zhong)會(hui)五(wu)寺眾僧(seng),議(yi)會(hui)多集(ji)于(yu)(yu)此,所以(yi)稱(cheng)中(zhong)會(hui)寺;第(di)三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)說(shuo)法認為(wei),佛(fo)法不偏不倚乃稱(cheng)中(zhong)會(hui)。據(ju)寺內碑文(wen)記(ji)載,中(zhong)會(hui)寺在明(ming)代隆慶(qing)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1569年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))“偶(ou)遭劫(jie)火(huo),大(da)(da)殿(dian)蕩然一空”。明(ming)代萬歷八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1580年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))重修(xiu)。以(yi)后歷經清代乾隆十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1749年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),嘉慶(qing)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1799年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、道光(guang)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1822年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、道光(guang)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1827年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、道光(guang)二(er)十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1846年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、咸豐三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1853年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),以(yi)民國、日(ri)偽時期重修(xiu)、擴建,逐(zhu)步形成現(xian)在的(de)規模。
牌坊是去中會(hui)寺必經之路,民(min)國(guo)29年(nian)(nian)(1940年(nian)(nian))重(zhong)修擴建(jian)。磚(zhuan)(zhuan)砌三(san)(san)拱門(men)(men),中間為重(zhong)檐(yan),上橫(heng)書“中會(hui)古剎”四個字。兩旁刻:“為滌塵(chen)襟尋(xun)古剎,愿新廟貌換(huan)靈光”。天地樓(lou)建(jian)在念(nian)佛堂前(qian)崖(ya)下,與牌坊相對,歇山式(shi),磚(zhuan)(zhuan)木結構(gou)(gou),面(mian)闊三(san)(san)間,正(zheng)脊兩端有(you)(you)吻(wen),斜脊磚(zhuan)(zhuan)雕跑獸。檐(yan)下有(you)(you)柱(zhu)頭,補間五鋪作斗拱,施彩(cai)(cai)繪(hui)。底(di)部(bu)是一(yi)(yi)個券門(men)(men),門(men)(men)楣上磚(zhuan)(zhuan)雕二(er)龍戲珠。券門(men)(men)外(wai)橫(heng)書“山門(men)(men)鎮靜”四個字。樓(lou)兩側各有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個角門(men)(men)。念(nian)佛堂是依而建(jian),硬山式(shi)、磚(zhuan)(zhuan)木結構(gou)(gou)。面(mian)闊五間,前(qian)有(you)(you)回廊。另修配房五間。韋馱(tuo)殿為歇山式(shi)建(jian)筑、單(dan)檐(yan),磚(zhuan)(zhuan)木結構(gou)(gou),面(mian)闊三(san)(san),檐(yan)下有(you)(you)柱(zhu)頭,補間五鋪作斗拱,施彩(cai)(cai)繪(hui)。正(zheng)門(men)(men)上懸掛“韋馱(tuo)殿”。殿內奉泥(ni)塑彌勒和(he)韋馱(tuo)。
韋馱殿(dian)兩側修鐘、鼓二(er)樓,樓為(wei)四坡檐(yan)小平方頂,斜脊(ji)(ji)磚雕(diao)跑獸,檐(yan)下補間五鋪作斗(dou)拱(gong),內為(wei)四垂蓮柱,底(di)為(wei)拱(gong)門。大(da)殿(dian)與韋馱殿(dian)相(xiang)對,硬山式建筑,磚木結構,面闊(kuo)五間,進深(shen)三間,大(da)脊(ji)(ji)透雕(diao)二(er)龍戲珠,兩端有大(da)吻。
斜脊磚雕跑獸,檐下有柱(zhu)頭(tou),補間五鋪作斗(dou)拱,施彩繪(hui)。殿(dian)內(nei)奉泥塑釋(shi)迦牟尼,阿彌陀佛,藥師佛,殿(dian)外兩旁(pang)各(ge)修配(pei)房三間。中會寺四周的景點較多,如犀牛望月、觀音側(ce)背、海(hai)螺峰、凈瓶峰等。
自然景觀
中會(hui)寺(si)歷史(shi)悠久,根據重修記載,該(gai)寺(si)在(zai)唐代(dai)就已經存在(zai),幾(ji)經水火,多次重修,現在(zai)的建筑大多具有明代(dai)的風格。中會(hui)寺(si)分上下兩殿(dian),前(qian)殿(dian)臨澗,後(hou)殿(dian)依(yi)山,布局巧妙。主要建筑除前(qian)殿(dian)、後(hou)殿(dian)外,還有天地樓(lou)、韋馱樓(lou)、鐘鼓樓(lou)、禪堂等。殿(dian)內有精美(mei)的雕塑和(he)彩繪。
中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)景(jing)點(dian)(dian)除凈瓶峰(feng)外,還有(you)(you)滴水蜃樓、西湖井、寶(bao)(bao)泉玲瓏洞、寶(bao)(bao)珠天(tian)井、犀牛望(wang)月、石(shi)堆鐵羅漢、觀音倒背、海螺峰(feng)等,被統稱中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)十(shi)二景(jing)。山中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)寺(si)(si)屬于千山“五(wu)大禪林(lin)”之一(yi)居(ju)五(wu)寺(si)(si)之中(zhong)(zhong)五(wu)寺(si)(si)僧侶(lv)經常集會(hui)(hui)(hui)于此寺(si)(si)內銅佛(fo)高13米(mi)重30噸(dun)為鞍(an)山"三(san)佛(fo)"之一(yi),是(shi)(shi)游覽絕佳的(de)(de)(de)勝地(di)對(dui)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)凈瓶峰(feng),有(you)(you)一(yi)2米(mi)高的(de)(de)(de)白色磚塔,塔基甚小僅容五(wu)六個人而坐請看有(you)(you)一(yi)點(dian)(dian)煙(yan)霧(wu)繚繞的(de)(de)(de)感(gan)覺(jue)很(hen)神(shen)奇吧。天(tian)地(di)樓對(dui)面(mian)(mian),有(you)(you)一(yi)五(wu)百年的(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)柏樹,發出(chu)淡(dan)淡(dan)的(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)氣,古樹廟宇藏(zang)經樓,構(gou)成了(le)(le)古寺(si)(si)獨特的(de)(de)(de)風景(jing),置身(shen)其中(zhong)(zhong)心情(qing)淡(dan)然(ran)了(le)(le)許多,這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)毗(pi)盧寶(bao)(bao)殿是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)寺(si)(si)最雄偉的(de)(de)(de)建筑,里面(mian)(mian)供奉(feng)著亞洲第(di)一(yi)千佛(fo),來到這(zhe)里都(dou)會(hui)(hui)(hui)拜(bai)一(yi)拜(bai),又(you)很(hen)虔誠地(di)轉(zhuan)上三(san)圈,祈求平安就好,中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)寺(si)(si)山門有(you)(you)一(yi)副對(dui)聯
“為滌塵(chen)襟尋寶剎”“愿新(xin)廟貌(mao)換靈光”指人(ren)(ren)們遠離塵(chen)世的喧嘩與煩惱(nao)來到了僻靜(jing)的古(gu)寺,希望嶄新(xin)的廟宇能煥發出神靈的光芒,庇佑著虔(qian)誠的人(ren)(ren)們。
注意事項
滿(man)族(zu)主要禁忌滿(man)族(zu)人對狗(gou)(gou)情有獨(du)鐘(zhong),不(bu)(bu)(bu)準(zhun)打狗(gou)(gou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)殺狗(gou)(gou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)吃狗(gou)(gou)肉(rou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)戴狗(gou)(gou)皮(pi)帽子(zi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)穿帶(dai)狗(gou)(gou)皮(pi)袖頭的衣服,不(bu)(bu)(bu)要當著(zhu)主人的面趕狗(gou)(gou),更(geng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)說狗(gou)(gou)的壞話,否則主人會(hui)認為你是(shi)當面侮辱他,會(hui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)客氣地下逐(zhu)客令,這與(yu)他們(men)重視狩獵活動(dong)有關。滿(man)族(zu)以(yi)“西”為上(shang)(shang),特別忌諱一般人,尤其(qi)是(shi)年輕人坐西炕(kang),更(geng)忌諱婦女(nv)在(zai)(zai)西炕(kang)上(shang)(shang)生孩子(zi)。滿(man)族(zu)人還(huan)忌諱打喜鵲和烏鴉(ya),忌在(zai)(zai)索(suo)羅桿上(shang)(shang)栓牲(sheng)口。