有巢(chao)氏早期生活在(zai)浙江寧紹平原(yuan)一(yi)(yi)帶，原(yuan)屬河(he)姆(mu)渡(du)人的一(yi)(yi)支；后遷徙至良渚古城，在(zai)杭(hang)嘉湖平原(yuan)休養生息(xi)并創造“巢(chao)居”（構木為巣）；并于今山東瑯(lang)琊古城建立陪(pei)都。后又遷至安徽省巢(chao)湖流域一(yi)(yi)帶，定都于凌家(jia)灘古城（今安徽凌家(jia)灘遺址）；建立古巢(chao)國。
古巢國是一個以凌(ling)家(jia)灘古城為中心的城邦國家(jia)。處于凌(ling)家(jia)灘文(wen)化時期(qi)（前(qian)4664----前(qian)4464年）。同(tong)時也屬于上古部落首領”有巢氏(shi)“（尊號(hao)”巢皇(huang)“、”大巢氏(shi)“前(qian)4964----前(qian)4464年在位）執政后期(qi)。
古(gu)巢(chao)國(guo)由良(liang)渚古(gu)國(guo)演(yan)變而來，古(gu)巢(chao)國(guo)的創立者就是(shi)(shi)良(liang)渚古(gu)國(guo)的末代(dai)君(jun)主(zhu)（或氏(shi)族）。古(gu)巢(chao)國(guo)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)本身(shen)也是(shi)(shi)良(liang)渚文(wen)明(ming)(ming)的延(yan)續(xu)。
古(gu)巢國(guo)本身(shen)傳承了河姆渡(du)、良渚、凌家灘三種文(wen)化，是三大(da)遠(yuan)古(gu)文(wen)明(ming)的集大(da)成者。
巢湖(hu)(hu)市位踞華東腹地，處皖(wan)江中(zhong)心南依湯(tang)湯(tang)長江，脈(mo)連蜀越五湖(hu)(hu)，西北(bei)望莽莽淮河，懷抱巨浸十川，千(qian)里(li)(li)沃野，百巒星布，四季分明(ming)而(er)水豐土腴，八方輻(fu)輳而(er)物阜人旺；是中(zhong)華人類(lei)起源的一方瑞土，中(zhong)華人文(wen)始祖有巢氏(shi)及(ji)其氏(shi)族(zu)生息繁衍而(er)發韌文(wen)明(ming)，在這里(li)(li)建立龐大的氏(shi)族(zu)方國(guo)---巢國(guo)。
而后又有有巢氏分支向黃淮平(ping)原遷徙，定都(dou)于商丘古(gu)城建立了燧(sui)明國（實為(wei)“燧(sui)明城邦”）。
有巢(chao)氏(shi)最早開發巢(chao)湖流(liu)域的(de)漁、農(nong)、商諸業，獲(huo)得(de)了迅速繁(fan)衍與興旺壯(zhuang)大的(de)先(xian)機，夏代之前便形成了自(zi)己的(de)氏(shi)族方國——有巢(chao)國，簡稱巢(chao)國。
隨(sui)著氏(shi)族興旺壯大而向四周擴展，主流趨勢是沿長江(jiang)北岸土肥水(shui)豐的平(ping)陸地(di)帶東(dong)西雙向蔓延，并往大別山(shan)麓發展。其疆域(yu)廣袤，大約包括今巢湖(hu)市(shi)(shi)（1區(qu)4縣(xian)(xian)）、合肥市(shi)(shi)（城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)和(he)3縣(xian)(xian)）、六安(an)(an)市(shi)(shi)（市(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)和(he)六安(an)(an)、壽縣(xian)(xian)、舒城(cheng)(cheng)、霍山(shan)等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)）和(he)安(an)(an)慶市(shi)(shi)（桐城(cheng)(cheng)、樅陽等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)）、滁州市(shi)(shi)（市(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)、全椒、來安(an)(an)等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)）南京市(shi)(shi)江(jiang)北地(di)區(qu)在內的方(fang)圓幾千里(li)的原野(ye)、水(shui)澤(ze)、山(shan)林。
歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家夏曾佑先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)20世紀30年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)論述上(shang)古(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)討“世界(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初”時(shi)(shi)即曾說(shuo)過：“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)，決不能謂其(qi)(qi)無所(suo)始(shi)。然言(yan)其(qi)(qi)所(suo)始(shi)，說(shuo)各不同。”當(dang)時(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“說(shuo)各不同”約(yue)(yue)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)兩(liang)派(pai)(pai)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)“由古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)，則(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)神(shen)(shen)造(zao)(zao)(zao)”，一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)“由今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)，則(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)演”。（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)史(shi)(shi)(shi)》）所(suo)謂“神(shen)(shen)造(zao)(zao)(zao)”，乃(nai)“盤古(gu)(gu)開天(tian)”，即盤古(gu)(gu)老祖用(yong)斧鑿開辟天(tian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)而(er)衍生(sheng)(sheng)天(tian)皇、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)皇、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皇，于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)便產生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)及(ji)有巢(chao)(chao)(chao)氏。或曰(yue)“女媧(wa)(wa)造(zao)(zao)(zao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”，無所(suo)不能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)女神(shen)(shen)女媧(wa)(wa)氏以(yi)石(shi)(shi)補(bu)天(tian)，并用(yong)黃土(tu)捏造(zao)(zao)(zao)出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。其(qi)(qi)它國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)亦(yi)(yi)然，譬(pi)如《圣經》就(jiu)(jiu)說(shuo)是(shi)(shi)上(shang)帝創(chuang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)亞當(dang)、夏娃繁衍了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。所(suo)謂“天(tian)演”，即進(jin)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)論之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)東方譯說(shuo)，源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)(yu)英國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家查理·達爾文(wen)(wen)(wen)（Charles Robert Darwin）1859年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)(chu)版的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《物(wu)種起(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)》，及(ji)赫(he)胥黎（Thomas Henry Huxley）所(suo)著(zhu)(zhu)《進(jin)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)論與倫理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)》，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)著(zhu)(zhu)名學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)嚴(yan)復于(yu)(yu)1895年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)漢譯為(wei)(wei)(wei)《天(tian)演論》。現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)確(que)(que)認人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)非(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“神(shen)(shen)造(zao)(zao)(zao)”，蓋由生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)進(jin)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)而(er)成(cheng)。關于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來源(yuan)(yuan)同樣“說(shuo)各不同”，也約(yue)(yue)分(fen)兩(liang)派(pai)(pai)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)說(shuo)是(shi)(shi)由域(yu)(yu)(yu)外遷徙而(er)來，其(qi)(qi)遵循的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)“非(fei)洲起(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)說(shuo)”；一(yi)(yi)(yi)說(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)本土(tu)亦(yi)(yi)產生(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)，尤其(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)近些(xie)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來，隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)境內(nei)古(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)，如巫(wu)山龍(long)(long)骨坡(po)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“巫(wu)山人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”系紀于(yu)(yu)204萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，且(qie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan)(yuan)，這就(jiu)(jiu)徹(che)底動搖了(le)(le)(le)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)以(yi)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)世界(jie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)本同源(yuan)(yuan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)論。隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)多(duo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)起(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)”學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興起(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷新(xin)獲(huo)，雄辯地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)論證(zheng)了(le)(le)(le)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)(min)族(zu)古(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、華(hua)(hua)夏文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。處(chu)于(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)下游皖江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)市域(yu)(yu)(yu)，正是(shi)(shi)這塊發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)、發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)位(wei)。自20世紀80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)初始(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)專家在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這片(pian)圣地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)不斷發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)掘并獲(huo)取古(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍貴遺(yi)骸(hai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)大批(pi)動植物(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)，充(chong)分(fen)說(shuo)明(ming)早(zao)(zao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)70萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)～60萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)（亦(yi)(yi)有認為(wei)(wei)(wei)50～40萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)），和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)龍(long)(long)潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)曾居住著(zhu)(zhu)“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”）。“‘和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’與‘北(bei)(bei)京人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)別(bie)較(jiao)大，而(er)與‘爪哇(wa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’比較(jiao)近似。同出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)骨器(qi)(qi)、角器(qi)(qi)很多(duo)，加工清楚(chu)，類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)型穩定(ding)，用(yong)火證(zheng)據也十(shi)分(fen)確(que)(que)鑿……據賈蘭坡(po)教(jiao)(jiao)授的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見，‘和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’可能早(zao)(zao)達七十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)～六十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。”（張習孔(kong)、田(tian)玨主編《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)大事編年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)·遠古(gu)(gu)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)》）隨(sui)后又在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)今(jin)居巢(chao)(chao)(chao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)岱山鄉銀山村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)穴里發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”“銀山猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居住遺(yi)址，距今(jin)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)30萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)～20萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”遺(yi)址的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)與論證(zheng)，對于(yu)(yu)研(yan)究人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)，探(tan)索中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)差異和(he)(he)(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下游地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)演化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)都(dou)至關重(zhong)(zhong)要。《安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)省志(zhi)·文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)志(zhi)提要》明(ming)確(que)(que)指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)：“80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)初，先(xian)(xian)后在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)龍(long)(long)潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)銀山發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)古(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)……被學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術界(jie)命名為(wei)(wei)(wei)‘和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’和(he)(he)(he)(he)‘巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’。80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)以(yi)來，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)皖南(nan)水陽江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)及(ji)沿江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)又相繼發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)大批(pi)舊(jiu)石(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)出(chu)(chu)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)，時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)更新(xin)世早(zao)(zao)期(qi)或偏晚(wan)，屬于(yu)(yu)南(nan)方礫石(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)系統。這一(yi)(yi)(yi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)對研(yan)究長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)下游地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)舊(jiu)石(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)早(zao)(zao)期(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，以(yi)及(ji)與其(qi)(qi)它地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)舊(jiu)石(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系，有著(zhu)(zhu)十(shi)分(fen)重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)義。”文(wen)(wen)(wen)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)靳(jin)懷(huai)堾評(ping)論：“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)策源(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)又決不止于(yu)(yu)黃河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)……長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)早(zao)(zao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)200～170萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)就(jiu)(jiu)有巫(wu)山猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)(he)(he)元謀猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干支流(liu)(liu)(liu)兩(liang)岸(an)生(sheng)(sheng)活。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后還有鄖縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、鄖西猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)陽人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、桐梓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、麗江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、西疇人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、資陽人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)繁衍生(sheng)(sheng)息。”（《華(hua)(hua)夏江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)》）“南(nan)京猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”骨化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)許漢奎研(yan)究員等(deng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)專家，將我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)最早(zao)(zao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)潛山靈長(chang)(chang)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)骨化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)（距今(jin)6000多(duo)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)(su)溧(li)陽“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)曙猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”（4500萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，比埃及(ji)古(gu)(gu)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)還早(zao)(zao)1000多(duo)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）、江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)(su)泗洪(hong)雙溝“雙溝醉猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”（約(yue)(yue)1500～1000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)繁昌石(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)（240萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（約(yue)(yue)50～40萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、“南(nan)京智(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（約(yue)(yue)30～20萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、“鎮江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)晚(wan)期(qi)智(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（約(yue)(yue)4～3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、溧(li)水人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)（約(yue)(yue)2～1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）等(deng)等(deng)聯系起(qi)(qi)(qi)來分(fen)析研(yan)究，“推論安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)(su)是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)起(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。”（《江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)(su)安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)》）楊東晨研(yan)究員認為(wei)(wei)(wei)：“從靠近長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)陶店龍(long)(long)潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)古(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)遺(yi)址、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)銀山早(zao)(zao)期(qi)智(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)遺(yi)址，及(ji)皖南(nan)水陽江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)兩(liang)岸(an)二級階地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)12處(chu)舊(jiu)石(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)來看，長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)也是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)”。（《先(xian)(xian)秦時(shi)(shi)期(qi)安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)族(zu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)考(kao)察》）考(kao)古(gu)(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)徐吉軍指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)：“江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮(huai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)又稱‘兩(liang)淮(huai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)’，以(yi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心，其(qi)(qi)范圍大致包括(kuo)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)以(yi)北(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)(su)、安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)兩(liang)省境地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。她(ta)處(chu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與黃河(he)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過渡地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，是(shi)(shi)連接(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)走(zou)廊與橋梁。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮(huai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有著(zhu)(zhu)悠久的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)和(he)(he)(he)(he)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)遺(yi)存(cun)。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)(su)泗洪(hong)下草灣猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)龍(long)(long)潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)，表明(ming)早(zao)(zao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)更新(xin)世晚(wan)期(qi)，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮(huai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)就(jiu)(jiu)有了(le)(le)(le)古(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活動。”（《論長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃分(fen)》）“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”遺(yi)址的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)與論證(zheng)，確(que)(que)立了(le)(le)(le)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)市域(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)史(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯著(zhu)(zhu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位(wei)。歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)應梁指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)：“安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)龍(long)(long)潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)等(deng)，稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)晚(wan)期(qi)直立人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。這是(shi)(shi)完全(quan)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，亦(yi)(yi)即真正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)族(zu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)》）文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)朱(zhu)泓教(jiao)(jiao)授說(shuo)：“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)土(tu)于(yu)(yu)安(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)省巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（今(jin)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)市）銀屏區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)岱山鄉銀山村(cun)附近……該批(pi)材料所(suo)顯示(shi)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)進(jin)步性體(ti)質特征與北(bei)(bei)京猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不同，故巢(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)應歸屬于(yu)(yu)早(zao)(zao)期(qi)智(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)范疇。”（《體(ti)質人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)》）這就(jiu)(jiu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)始(shi)祖有巢(chao)(chao)(chao)氏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)籍(ji)于(yu)(yu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)市域(yu)(yu)(yu)奠定(ding)了(le)(le)(le)最堅實亦(yi)(yi)最可信的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)社會學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理論基礎。
現代(dai)(dai)社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)很難想象(xiang)(xiang)遠(yuan)古時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)自(zi)然界的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)那(nei)種荒涼(liang)混(hun)沌景象(xiang)(xiang)，也(ye)很難想象(xiang)(xiang)包括原始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)在內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)界那(nei)等野蠻(man)混(hun)亂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)只能通(tong)(tong)過(guo)古文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻上(shang)關于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)遠(yuan)古自(zi)然和(he)古人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)記(ji)述，從(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)讀出(chu)(chu)和(he)想見(jian)一(yi)些合乎(hu)當時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“實(shi)(shi)況(kuang)”或“真相(xiang)相(xiang)近”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情景來。（徐旭生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)》）古文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻告(gao)訴我(wo)們(men)(men)，“上(shang)古穴(xue)居而(er)(er)(er)(er)野處，后(hou)世(shi)(shi)圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)易(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以宮(gong)室。”（《易(yi)·系(xi)辭(ci)》）“古者，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，因(yin)陵丘崛穴(xue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)處焉(yan)。”“古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)，未(wei)(wei)知(zhi)為(wei)宮(gong)室時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，就(jiu)(jiu)陵阜而(er)(er)(er)(er)居，穴(xue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)處……未(wei)(wei)知(zhi)為(wei)衣(yi)服時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，衣(yi)皮(pi)(pi)帶茭……未(wei)(wei)知(zhi)飲(yin)食時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，素(su)食而(er)(er)(er)(er)分(fen)處。”（《墨子(zi)·辭(ci)過(guo)》）“日(ri)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)居，族(zu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)并(bing)。”（《莊(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)·馬(ma)蹄》）“昔者昊英之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)(shi)，以伐木(mu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)殺。”（《商(shang)(shang)君書(shu)·畫策篇(pian)》）“昔者先(xian)(xian)王(wang)未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)宮(gong)室，冬(dong)則(ze)居營窟，夏則(ze)居橧巢(chao)(chao)。未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)火(huo)化(hua)(hua)，食草(cao)木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)(shi)，禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肉，飲(yin)其(qi)(qi)血，茹其(qi)(qi)毛(mao)，未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)麻絲，衣(yi)其(qi)(qi)羽皮(pi)(pi)。”（《禮記(ji)·禮運(yun)》）“合雒紀世(shi)(shi)，民(min)(min)(min)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)穴(xue)居，衣(yi)皮(pi)(pi)毛(mao)。”（《春秋緯·命歷(li)(li)(li)序》）人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)共處洞(dong)穴(xue)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)多少(shao)年(nian)(nian)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)為(wei)爭(zheng)奪洞(dong)穴(xue)居住(zhu)(zhu)權付出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)多大(da)代(dai)(dai)價，誰也(ye)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)詳考(kao)和(he)統計(ji)。原始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)(qun)面(mian)對大(da)量死亡，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)止的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)血和(he)日(ri)夜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)哀號，老(lao)弱(ruo)婦幼唯(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)恐慌與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)淚泣，青壯(zhuang)年(nian)(nian)們(men)(men)則(ze)努力拼搏(bo)著、掙扎著、思慮著、探索(suo)著——人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)必須走(zou)出(chu)(chu)洞(dong)穴(xue)，避(bi)讓蟲(chong)蛇，離(li)(li)開禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)，尋找和(he)建筑屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)己(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)繁衍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全空間——于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，“巢(chao)(chao)居”終于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)現了(le)(le)(le)(le)。那(nei)么首創(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)居的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)誰呢？《莊(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)·盜跖》云：“古者禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)多而(er)(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)少(shao)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)皆(jie)巢(chao)(chao)居以避(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。晝拾橡栗，暮棲木(mu)上(shang)，故(gu)命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)’。”《古三墳》記(ji)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)太古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)，覺識(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天、地、草(cao)、木(mu)、蟲(chong)、魚、鳥、獸(shou)，俾人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)居巢(chao)(chao)穴(xue)，積(ji)鳥獸(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肉，聚(ju)草(cao)木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)(shi)，天下(xia)九頭，咸(xian)歸有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)，始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)君也(ye)，動止，群(qun)(qun)群(qun)(qun)相(xiang)聚(ju)而(er)(er)(er)(er)尊事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”《韓非子(zi)·五蠹》載(zai)：“上(shang)古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)少(shao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)眾，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)不(bu)勝(sheng)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)蟲(chong)蛇。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)作，構(gou)(gou)木(mu)為(wei)巢(chao)(chao)，以避(bi)群(qun)(qun)害，而(er)(er)(er)(er)民(min)(min)(min)說(shuo)（悅）之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使王(wang)天下(xia)，號之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)’。”《始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)篇(pian)》曰(yue)：“上(shang)古皆(jie)穴(xue)處，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巢(chao)(chao)居，號‘大(da)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)’。”《通(tong)(tong)志·三皇紀》云：“厥初(chu)(chu)，先(xian)(xian)民(min)(min)(min)穴(xue)居野處，圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結(jie)(jie)巢(chao)(chao)，以避(bi)蟲(chong)豸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害，而(er)(er)(er)(er)食草(cao)木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)(shi)，故(gu)號‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)’，亦曰(yue)‘大(da)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)’。”毫(hao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)疑(yi)問，“巢(chao)(chao)居”首創(chuang)者是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功德是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)垠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。遠(yuan)古時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)，茫(mang)茫(mang)洪(hong)荒，兇禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)猛獸(shou)，初(chu)(chu)民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)艱(jian)難困(kun)苦(ku)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命毫(hao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)保障，各(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)“原始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)(qun)”無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)奮力戰斗(dou)以圖改(gai)變和(he)改(gai)善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)條件，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)創(chuang)見(jian)最有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)發(fa)(fa)(fa)明(ming)(ming)最有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)貢獻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)先(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)，他(ta)(ta)既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心，仁(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愛，更(geng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)偉(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志，杰人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行，他(ta)(ta)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)在極其(qi)(qi)艱(jian)難的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困(kun)境中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，用智慧(hui)和(he)膽識(shi)，血汗和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命，英勇無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)畏地與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天斗(dou)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地斗(dou)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)斗(dou)，終于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)在奮斗(dou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)造(zao)革新(xin)，導(dao)引人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)進(jin)步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)英雄典范。1903年(nian)(nian)，民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者效魯在贊美中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)悠久偉(wei)大(da)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曾(ceng)這樣宣言(yan)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)作巢(chao)(chao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，伏羲(xi)氏(shi)(shi)畫八卦、教(jiao)佃漁(yu)、造(zao)書(shu)契、作甲歷(li)(li)(li)，神(shen)(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)藝五谷，制醫藥，立商(shang)(shang)廛，蓋當時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)甲于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)諸族(zu)……民(min)(min)(min)智漸啟(qi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濫觴，實(shi)(shi)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)斯(si)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)去及未(wei)(wei)來》）學(xue)(xue)(xue)者、出(chu)(chu)版家王(wang)云五贊頌說(shuo)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)，上(shang)古偉(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，教(jiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)造(zao)巢(chao)(chao)居住(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。”（《王(wang)云五大(da)辭(ci)典》）歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家徐旭生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)說(shuo)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)、燧(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在我(wo)國(guo)(guo)古史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統里面(mian)，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)特別(bie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)功，或者更(geng)可以說(shuo)由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功業更(geng)容易(yi)被人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)了(le)(le)(le)(le)解，所以除了(le)(le)(le)(le)《系(xi)辭(ci)》所述的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古帝以外他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)特別(bie)占著一(yi)種優勝(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位(wei)。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)》）文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者蔡建軍指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)：“從(cong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)‘構(gou)(gou)木(mu)為(wei)巢(chao)(chao)’，到燧(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)‘鉆燧(sui)取火(huo)’，到神(shen)(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)‘與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)麋鹿(lu)共處，耕而(er)(er)(er)(er)食，織而(er)(er)(er)(er)衣(yi)’，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)‘上(shang)古’史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)入(ru)了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展階段。”（《玉蟾巖神(shen)(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)族(zu)遺(yi)址與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)起(qi)(qi)源(yuan)》）有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功德具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)導(dao)引全人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)進(jin)步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)意(yi)義(yi)(yi)。恩格斯(si)指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，我(wo)們(men)(men)就(jiu)(jiu)開始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)(le)(le)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”（《自(zi)然辯證(zheng)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》）這里所說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”，指(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)，指(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)那(nei)從(cong)“古猿”進(jin)化(hua)(hua)過(guo)來而(er)(er)(er)(er)跨入(ru)“原始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”新(xin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“最早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)”。所謂歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，本(ben)質上(shang)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)構(gou)(gou)成歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)要素(su)。恩格斯(si)又說(shuo)：“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)最初(chu)(chu)怎樣脫離(li)(li)動物(wu)(wu)界（就(jiu)(jiu)狹義(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)），他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)就(jiu)(jiu)怎樣進(jin)入(ru)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”（《自(zi)然辯證(zheng)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》）這就(jiu)(jiu)明(ming)(ming)確告(gao)訴我(wo)們(men)(men)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)社會歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)頁(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最初(chu)(chu)脫離(li)(li)動物(wu)(wu)界那(nei)第一(yi)步走(zou)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。1924年(nian)(nian)3月9日(ri)，孫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)講授《民(min)(min)(min)權主義(yi)(yi)》，在討論人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)“世(shi)(shi)界進(jin)化(hua)(hua)”分(fen)析(xi)遠(yuan)古時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，則(ze)隆重地推出(chu)(chu)先(xian)(xian)祖(zu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)，他(ta)(ta)說(shuo)：“世(shi)(shi)界進(jin)化(hua)(hua)……到了(le)(le)(le)(le)同(tong)天爭(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)，專講打是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)可能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，故(gu)當時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)感覺非常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困(kun)難。后(hou)來便有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)聰(cong)明(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)出(chu)(chu)來替人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)謀(mou)幸福……有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)教(jiao)民(min)(min)(min)在樹上(shang)做居室，替人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)謀(mou)避(bi)風雨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)災害。自(zi)此(ci)以后(hou)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)便逐(zhu)漸發(fa)(fa)(fa)達，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)也(ye)逐(zhu)漸團結(jie)(jie)起(qi)(qi)來。”（《三民(min)(min)(min)主義(yi)(yi)》）歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家呂(lv)振羽滿(man)腔熱情地贊美有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)“構(gou)(gou)木(mu)為(wei)巢(chao)(chao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偉(wei)大(da)創(chuang)造(zao)，說(shuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)至此(ci)“才從(cong)‘日(ri)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)居，族(zu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)并(bing)’的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)解放出(chu)(chu)來。”（《簡明(ming)(ming)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)通(tong)(tong)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》）歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家任繼愈先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)說(shuo)：“通(tong)(tong)過(guo)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)書(shu)，我(wo)們(men)(men)看到，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)許許多多英雄人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)(wu)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)明(ming)(ming)創(chuang)造(zao)……有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)，在樹上(shang)搭屋，這也(ye)很了(le)(le)(le)(le)不(bu)起(qi)(qi)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)不(bu)用在洞(dong)穴(xue)里住(zhu)(zhu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)，能夠住(zhu)(zhu)房了(le)(le)(le)(le)，這可以避(bi)免潮濕(shi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)步。”（《有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)里程碑(bei)意(yi)義(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)盛事》）離(li)(li)開洞(dong)穴(xue)、避(bi)讓禽(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)獸(shou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)“巢(chao)(chao)居”，顯然是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)動物(wu)(wu)分(fen)野的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最初(chu)(chu)行為(wei)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)所揭開的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)頁(ye)。作為(wei)“巢(chao)(chao)居”首創(chuang)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)疑(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開啟(qi)全人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。
◎《百家姓(xing)詳解》云：“巢(chao)，堯(yao)為帝(di)時(shi)，有大臣(chen)巢(chao)父常(chang)居于(yu)山中，以樹為巢(chao)……。禹帝(di)時(shi)曾(ceng)封有巢(chao)氏之后(hou)建立巢(chao)國（今安徽(hui)境內）。在夏、商、周三代，巢(chao)國世代為諸侯國，春秋時(shi)期，前(qian)518年，吳國滅掉(diao)巢(chao)國，巢(chao)國后(hou)代公族便(bian)以原國名作為姓(xing)氏。”
夏王朝(chao)時期，地宜物豐的(de)南(nan)巢，吸引(yin)著其它氏(shi)(shi)族部落（如皋(gao)陶氏(shi)(shi)后裔偃(yan)姓(xing)部落）從東方、北(bei)方不斷徙入，有(you)巢氏(shi)(shi)熱情(qing)友誼地歡(huan)迎(ying)外姓(xing)并讓出巢湖(hu)西方、西南(nan)方地域（今六安(an)市六安(an)縣(xian)、舒(shu)城縣(xian)一帶）許(xu)以定居，便漸(jian)(jian)漸(jian)(jian)形成了以巢國(guo)為中心的(de)部落聯盟，在巢湖(hu)流(liu)域、江淮(huai)之(zhi)間廣袤大地上生活、居息和墾植，以地理(li)方位稱其為“南(nan)巢氏(shi)(shi)”，簡稱“南(nan)巢”。
成(cheng)(cheng)湯戰敗夏(xia)桀，夏(xia)桀逃往南巢(chao)，南巢(chao)以接納夏(xia)桀為條(tiao)件，與(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)湯達成(cheng)(cheng)協議，南巢(chao)與(yu)商王朝分疆而治，和睦相(xiang)處，幾(ji)百年間無戰事。
巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)能成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)發祥地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)能成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)子孫(sun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)，關(guan)鍵因(yin)素是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)地(di)(di)(di)方具備原始(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)地(di)(di)(di)理特定條件(jian)。就巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)審視(shi)，其(qi)(qi)南(nan)(nan)濱(bin)長(chang)江，懷(huai)抱巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，地(di)(di)(di)勢由北(bei)而(er)(er)南(nan)(nan)漸(jian)低，地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)復雜(za)多(duo)樣(yang)(yang)，山(shan)(shan)丘、崗臺、圩畈三(san)者(zhe)(zhe)合理分(fen)布，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)江、湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、山(shan)(shan)、泉并(bing)(bing)存(cun)，以(yi)水(shui)(shui)見長(chang)，河湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)近1300平(ping)方公里(li)。地(di)(di)(di)跨東(dong)經117°00′～118°29′、北(bei)緯(wei)30°56′～32°02′，氣溫適中(zhong)(zhong)，四季(ji)分(fen)明，資(zi)(zi)源豐實，得天獨厚，樹木、果木、谷物(wu)(wu)、雜(za)物(wu)(wu)、魚蝦、禽獸(shou)(shou)(shou)，品(pin)種(zhong)繁(fan)多(duo)，尤其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)岡(gang)連原野，山(shan)(shan)陵多(duo)洞穴(xue)(xue)(xue)，適宜各(ge)種(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)(xi)，各(ge)種(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命繁(fan)衍。也就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)地(di)(di)(di)方在(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態上(shang)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)優(you)厚而(er)(er)且最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)條件(jian)，此(ci)其(qi)(qi)一(yi)。“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相對于(yu)“穴(xue)(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”而(er)(er)言并(bing)(bing)由其(qi)(qi)發展而(er)(er)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。值得我(wo)們(men)關(guan)注與(yu)(yu)(yu)驚喜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，考(kao)(kao)古學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)從“和(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”居(ju)(ju)(ju)住的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)龍潭洞里(li)發現了(le)25種(zhong)動物(wu)(wu)（其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第四紀動物(wu)(wu)）。從骨骸化石鑒定分(fen)析，“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”遺址(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)處洞穴(xue)(xue)(xue)，至少有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)過豹、熊、虎(hu)、犀牛等24種(zhong)哺(bu)乳(ru)動物(wu)(wu)出沒。巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)流域(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)考(kao)(kao)古資(zi)(zi)料明確地(di)(di)(di)告訴我(wo)們(men)，我(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖先確實是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“穴(xue)(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)野處”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)禽獸(shou)(shou)(shou)蟲(chong)蛇為(wei)(wei)(wei)“伴”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。龍潭洞、銀山(shan)(shan)洞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)理位(wei)(wei)置和(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)環境，及(ji)其(qi)(qi)考(kao)(kao)古學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論證(zheng)(zheng)，可讓我(wo)們(men)透過時空(kong)邃道而(er)(er)直觀幾十萬前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活場景和(he)(he)探索他們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活動蹤跡，并(bing)(bing)讓我(wo)們(men)得知，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“原始(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經歷(li)了(le)幾十萬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苦難(nan)、思(si)考(kao)(kao)才覺醒(xing)起(qi)來(lai)(lai)，離(li)開(kai)洞穴(xue)(xue)(xue)，避讓禽獸(shou)(shou)(shou)，建(jian)筑(zhu)屬(shu)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立家(jia)(jia)園。巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原始(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群引起(qi)“避讓禽獸(shou)(shou)(shou)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)覺醒(xing)，產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)變革(ge)“穴(xue)(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)意(yi)，提(ti)供(gong)了(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)社(she)會環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)佳客(ke)觀依據(ju)，此(ci)其(qi)(qi)二。存(cun)在(zai)(zai)決定意(yi)識(shi)。識(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原始(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群從改(gai)變“穴(xue)(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”而(er)(er)走向“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”，并(bing)(bing)實施“筑(zhu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)建(jian)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求環境必須提(ti)供(gong)以(yi)下(xia)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)4方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質條件(jian)，而(er)(er)且似乎(hu)缺一(yi)則難(nan)以(yi)形(xing)成(cheng)。①地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求——有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)阜陵，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)洞，先民(min)起(qi)初是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)禽獸(shou)(shou)(shou)共同(tong)居(ju)(ju)(ju)住洞穴(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)，躲(duo)避風雨寒暑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。②資(zi)(zi)源要(yao)(yao)(yao)求——有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)原野，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)源，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)多(duo)種(zhong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動植物(wu)(wu)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本食物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)源。③物(wu)(wu)產要(yao)(yao)(yao)求——多(duo)樹木，且有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)喬木，利筑(zhu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)，筑(zhu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)大(da)量樹木。④氣候要(yao)(yao)(yao)求——處南(nan)(nan)方，氣候宜，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)簡陋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)，非南(nan)(nan)方氣候溫潤(run)則幼(you)弱(ruo)無(wu)法過冬。張(zhang)習孔等歷(li)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)在(zai)(zai)介紹有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時特別強調，“在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)早(zao)期(qi)，特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原始(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)，確實經歷(li)過一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)時期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)‘巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)’生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)歷(li)史(shi)大(da)事編(bian)年(nian)》）朱(zhu)泓教(jiao)授(shou)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“（巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)步性(xing)體(ti)質特征與(yu)(yu)(yu)北(bei)京猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、和(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不同(tong)，故巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)應歸屬(shu)于(yu)早(zao)期(qi)智人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)范(fan)疇。”（《體(ti)質人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)》）位(wei)(wei)處中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)流域(yu)(yu)及(ji)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)理和(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)質環境，給(gei)(gei)“早(zao)期(qi)智人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”即原始(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智者(zhe)(zhe)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)由“穴(xue)(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”到“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變革(ge)條件(jian)，此(ci)其(qi)(qi)三(san)。中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)以(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勤于(yu)創(chuang)新、發明巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)、開(kai)創(chuang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明、福澤萬世的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣祖而(er)(er)自(zi)(zi)豪。千百(bai)年(nian)來(lai)(lai)，諸多(duo)姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)都(dou)在(zai)(zai)尋根探源論證(zheng)(zheng)他們(men)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)血緣后裔，諸多(duo)地(di)(di)(di)方都(dou)在(zai)(zai)廣(guang)搜(sou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻求證(zheng)(zheng)他們(men)那里(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)籍(ji)地(di)(di)(di)望。然(ran)就歷(li)史(shi)資(zi)(zi)料和(he)(he)研究成(cheng)果而(er)(er)言，最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)亦最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)可信的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)即是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)。漢代(dai)緯(wei)書(shu)《遁甲(jia)開(kai)山(shan)(shan)圖》記載：“石樓山(shan)(shan)在(zai)(zai)瑯邪，昔有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)治(zhi)此(ci)山(shan)(shan)南(nan)(nan)。”（按：瑯邪，一(yi)作瑯琊(ya)，山(shan)(shan)名，在(zai)(zai)安徽(hui)(hui)省(sheng)滁州市(shi)(shi)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)古代(dai)名山(shan)(shan)，漢元封(feng)5年(nian)即公元前(qian)(qian)106年(nian)，武帝劉(liu)徹(che)南(nan)(nan)巡還(huan)曾禮拜此(ci)山(shan)(shan)。需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)指出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)石樓縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)諸城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)同(tong)名。）瑯琊(ya)山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)袤地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)，正是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)今巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)轄區縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。明清時期(qi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)認定巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)后裔巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，并(bing)(bing)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名亦源自(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)認知見諸縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志。（康熙《巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志》、雍正《巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志》）現代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)同(tong)識(shi)，“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖先有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曾經生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活過的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方”。（龔衛國(guo)《民(min)間(jian)傳說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)系列·巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)》）“據(ju)古老的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)一(yi)帶(dai)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)筑(zhu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、居(ju)(ju)(ju)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故鄉。那么現今巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)，就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)最(zui)早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發源地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)了(le)。”（葉(xie)尚(shang)志《漫(man)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)三(san)上(shang)將》）專欄作家(jia)(jia)瀟水(shui)(shui)對有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)創(chuang)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”作了(le)較為(wei)(wei)(wei)深(shen)細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析和(he)(he)研究，并(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)著(zhu)作中(zhong)(zhong)給(gei)(gei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)了(le)形(xing)象描(miao)述和(he)(he)評說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“七八千年(nian)前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)江兩(liang)岸，房(fang)子也星(xing)星(xing)火火地(di)(di)(di)點綴起(qi)來(lai)(lai)了(le)。就像北(bei)方人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)挖地(di)(di)(di)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)一(yi)樣(yang)(yang)，南(nan)(nan)方人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)搭(da)鳥巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)。……棲息(xi)(xi)在(zai)(zai)木樁(zhuang)上(shang)躲(duo)避禽獸(shou)(shou)(shou)，也就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)傳說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’了(le)。安徽(hui)(hui)省(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，據(ju)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老家(jia)(jia)。”（《青銅時代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蕨類(lei)(lei)戰爭》）還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)種(zhong)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)法，如臺灣(wan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)詹(zhan)招琳先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、混沌(dun)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)伏羲時代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)帝王(wang)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)先都(dou)舞陽，后遷(qian)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)……。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)華姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)源共祖統(tong)一(yi)輩序(xu)（昭穆）表(biao)·有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)考(kao)(kao)證(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)皇五(wu)帝時期(qi)》）文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)湯錦程稱：“最(zui)早(zao)進(jin)入安徽(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)族(zu)……巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全國(guo)五(wu)大(da)淡水(shui)(shui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)必備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)首選之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)。”（《安徽(hui)(hui)湯氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)源流考(kao)(kao)》）雖說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)遷(qian)居(ju)(ju)(ju)，但并(bing)(bing)不否(fou)定巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“首創(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)。綜上(shang)所(suo)(suo)述，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)辟了(le)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明史(shi)頁，同(tong)時開(kai)辟了(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)社(she)會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)紀元。也就氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明時代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曙光是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從今巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)升射天穹，再八方輻射而(er)(er)普照天下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。
◎《尚書·仲虺之誥》記：“成湯放桀于(yu)南巢。”
◎《呂氏(shi)春(chun)秋》記：“湯伐(fa)桀(jie)，戰于成(cheng)，登自鳴條，乃入(ru)巢門。”
◎《國(guo)語》韋(wei)昭注稱(cheng)：“南(nan)巢，揚州地，巢伯之國(guo)，今(jin)廬江居巢是也。”
◎《淮南子》記(ji)：湯“整兵鳴條，困夏南巢，譙以其過(guo)，放之(zhi)歷(li)山。”
◎《淮南子》高誘(you)注稱，“南巢”為“今廬(lu)江(jiang)居巢”，釋(shi)“歷山”曰“蓋歷陽(yang)之(zhi)山”。南巢、巢門，皆稱古巢國地域，歷山在今巢湖(hu)市和(he)縣(xian)，系屬(shu)古巢國之(zhi)境。
◎《荊(jing)州(zhou)箴》云：“南(nan)巢茫(mang)茫(mang)，多楚(chu)與荊(jing)，風(feng)飄以悍，氣銳以剛……。”
◎郭沫若主編(bian)《中國史(shi)稿(gao)地圖(tu)(tu)集》之夏(xia)代地圖(tu)(tu)將(jiang)“南巢”標點于今巢城(cheng)城(cheng)址。
◎《巢湖市志》記：“夏(xia)代，以地處宗(zong)主(zhu)國夏(xia)王朝的(de)南疆，故又稱(cheng)‘南巢’。”
周代商而立，則多次遣師征討并戰(zhan)勝了巢國(guo)(guo)，視巢國(guo)(guo)地大勢強不便(bian)控制，遂將其地析分為巢、廬（廬，房屋(wu)，與巢同(tong)義）二國(guo)(guo)，因賜爵(jue)位不同(tong)，而分別被稱為“巢伯(bo)國(guo)(guo)”、“廬子國(guo)(guo)”，廬國(guo)(guo)新都于(yu)今合(he)肥(fei)城城區，巢國(guo)(guo)仍都于(yu)今巢城城區。
史入春秋(qiu)，巢(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)疆域先(xian)后遭遇“群(qun)舒(shu)(shu)(shu)”（舒(shu)(shu)(shu)、舒(shu)(shu)(shu)庸(yong)、舒(shu)(shu)(shu)蓼、舒(shu)(shu)(shu)鳩、舒(shu)(shu)(shu)龍(long)，在(zai)今舒(shu)(shu)(shu)城、廬(lu)江一帶）、橐皋（今巢(chao)(chao)湖市柘皋鎮及肥東縣東部一帶）等眾小(xiao)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)侵略(lve)和(he)蠶食(shi)。楚(chu)、吳(wu)(wu)相繼強盛(sheng)，使得位處“吳(wu)(wu)頭楚(chu)尾”的(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)，長(chang)期成為(wei)楚(chu)、吳(wu)(wu)二強國(guo)(guo)掠奪對象和(he)交兵戰(zhan)場，時為(wei)楚(chu)屬，時為(wei)吳(wu)(wu)屬。歷來注重經濟(ji)建設，睦鄰友(you)朋而忽(hu)略(lve)軍事的(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)，便在(zai)這種軍國(guo)(guo)主義橫(heng)行、列強稱霸的(de)(de)惡劣環境中(zhong)漸次衰微，直到被(bei)吳(wu)(wu)（前518年）滅亡。
“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)號，是(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)贈予首(shou)(shou)(shou)創(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣祖(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)號，隨(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)就成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)他用(yong)世(shi)(shi)(shi)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)號。誠(cheng)如(ru)(ru)魯迅所(suo)(suo)解：“至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)上古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)實(shi)狀，則荒漠不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)考，君(jun)長(chang)(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)，且難審(shen)知(zhi)，世(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)皇、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)皇、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皇為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)皇者(zhe)，列三(san)(san)才開(kai)始(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序(xu)，繼以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、伏(fu)羲、神農(nong)(nong)(nong)者(zhe)，明(ming)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)(qun)進(jin)化(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)程(cheng)，殆皆后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)命(ming)，非真(zhen)號矣！”（《漢文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綱要(yao)·自文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)至文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)》）圣祖(zu)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”功(gong)德顯著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位高尚，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)個(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)號就成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他所(suo)(suo)在“原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)(qun)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共同(tong)(tong)名(ming)號，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)“原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)(qun)”所(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)那個(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)詞和(he)(he)(he)社(she)會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)詞。歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)徐旭生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)此(ci)作(zuo)過(guo)研究，“就所(suo)(suo)能得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料去研討，我(wo)們(men)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)推斷神農(nong)(nong)(nong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)同(tong)(tong)類，是(shi)(shi)(shi)戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)想家(jia)(jia)(jia)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)社(she)會(hui)(hui)進(jin)步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段而(er)(er)(er)(er)想出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指示時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)詞。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)》）國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)師錢穆(mu)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)演進(jin)視角分析得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)道理(li)：“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)，極富理(li)性，切近(jin)(jin)事(shi)實(shi)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)并(bing)(bing)世(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)它(ta)民族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)追述(shu)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充滿神話氣味者(zhe)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)相同(tong)(tong)。如(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)熟(shu)食時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，庖(pao)犧(xi)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)畜牧(mu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，神農(nong)(nong)(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)耕稼時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。此(ci)等(deng)名(ming)號，本(ben)非古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)所(suo)(suo)本(ben)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，乃屬后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)想象(xiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)述(shu)，乃與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)演進(jin)階段，先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)符(fu)合。此(ci)見我(wo)中(zhong)(zhong)華民族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)民，早于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)演進(jin)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)清明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)觀點(dian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)想法(fa)。”（《近(jin)(jin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)懷疑》）“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)。歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)許(xu)立(li)(li)群(qun)(qun)在1942年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)描述(shu)過(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)狀況，“曾有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)過(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、伏(fu)羲氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、女(nv)媧氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、神農(nong)(nong)(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)事(shi)跡，首(shou)(shou)(shou)先(xian)(xian)(xian)說(shuo)(shuo)到有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)……。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)話》）范文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)瀾著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)通(tong)(tong)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》將(jiang)(jiang)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)境(jing)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”明(ming)確劃分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)個(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)。吳(wu)(wu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)楨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致，“在對(dui)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)那些名(ming)字(zi)進(jin)行一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)番認真(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核查以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，我(wo)們(men)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)剩下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)個(ge)名(ming)字(zi)值得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)我(wo)們(men)稍加(jia)注(zhu)意(yi)。那就是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，二燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，三(san)(san)庖(pao)犧(xi)或(huo)(huo)伏(fu)羲氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，四(si)神農(nong)(nong)(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統》）歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)們(men)遂(sui)將(jiang)(jiang)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”紀(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“無(wu)限制”地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)往(wang)前(qian)推進(jin)，直到中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)“傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)始(shi)(shi)端——地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)跨越“更新(xin)(xin)世(shi)(shi)(shi)”早期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)考古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)學(xue)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“舊石(shi)器”早期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，甚至包括170萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)元謀(mou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)(hou)經(jing)歷(li)藍田人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、和(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)……直至5萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丁(ding)村(cun)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)，嗣(si)后(hou)(hou)(hou)才進(jin)入“燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”。（歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)張習孔、田玨(jue)主(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)事(shi)編(bian)(bian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)社(she)會(hui)(hui)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)》）首(shou)(shou)(shou)創(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣祖(zu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)能生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)170萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)。《古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)三(san)(san)墳(fen)》等(deng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻載稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子(zi)，也(ye)就說(shuo)(shuo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)即可(ke)能生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舊石(shi)器中(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，約與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“丁(ding)村(cun)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”“柳(liu)江(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)或(huo)(huo)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)。燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子(zi)尚待進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)考證，但“血(xue)(xue)(xue)緣群(qun)(qun)婚”社(she)會(hui)(hui)形(xing)態下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)或(huo)(huo)許(xu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)群(qun)(qun)子(zi)孫(sun)，且將(jiang)(jiang)自然(ran)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)繁(fan)衍(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)血(xue)(xue)(xue)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)強大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)血(xue)(xue)(xue)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)再漸(jian)(jian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)蘗生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)許(xu)多(duo)支(zhi)系。馬克思(si)指出(chu)：“血(xue)(xue)(xue)緣家(jia)(jia)(jia)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)社(she)會(hui)(hui)組織形(xing)式”。（《摩(mo)爾(er)根〈古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)社(she)會(hui)(hui)〉一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)書摘(zhai)要(yao)》）血(xue)(xue)(xue)緣家(jia)(jia)(jia)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)（血(xue)(xue)(xue)緣氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)現(xian)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)“原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)群(qun)(qun)”轉變到氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（血(xue)(xue)(xue)緣家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭公(gong)社(she)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)標志(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息并(bing)(bing)漁(yu)、牧(mu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)四(si)周(zhou)，或(huo)(huo)水澤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旁(pang)，或(huo)(huo)原(yuan)野(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上，或(huo)(huo)山林之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)孫(sun)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)繁(fan)衍(yan)，必將(jiang)(jiang)在巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)核心氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)中(zhong)(zhong)樞及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)支(zhi)系部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)群(qun)(qun)體。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)早期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)華夏(xia)(xia)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)它(ta)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)相比，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)民最(zui)殊異而(er)(er)(er)(er)又最(zui)先(xian)(xian)(xian)進(jin)最(zui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活特(te)征就是(shi)(shi)(shi)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”，即使那時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”簡陋得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)竹(zhu)(zhu)木(mu)構架(jia)、茅草結蓬(peng)，但這(zhe)個(ge)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”絕對(dui)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)“家(jia)(jia)(jia)”，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)賴(lai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存、安(an)(an)居(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)(he)(he)繁(fan)衍(yan)子(zi)孫(sun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“家(jia)(jia)(jia)”。巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)這(zhe)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅首(shou)(shou)(shou)創(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)且巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式推行最(zui)廣(guang)(guang)、最(zui)快(kuai)，由(you)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)樹上，到“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面，由(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)孤立(li)(li)，到數巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聚集，直到群(qun)(qun)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)連片，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村(cun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)和(he)(he)(he)城(cheng)(cheng)邑(yi)(yi)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)總(zong)首(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)(ling)即“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)(ju)(ju)所(suo)(suo)無(wu)疑是(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)群(qun)(qun)”，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)規模(mo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)多(duo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)料無(wu)考。《論(lun)語(yu)·公(gong)冶長(chang)(chang)》有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“十(shi)室之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邑(yi)(yi)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)(shuo)，“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父”居(ju)(ju)(ju)所(suo)(suo)自然(ran)不(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)少于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)10室之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數，完全(quan)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)理(li)直氣壯地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“邑(yi)(yi)”——巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)邑(yi)(yi)。考古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)學(xue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)在巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)心區位——今含山縣(xian)凌家(jia)(jia)(jia)灘所(suo)(suo)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)5300年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)村(cun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（城(cheng)(cheng)邑(yi)(yi)），無(wu)疑是(shi)(shi)(shi)那個(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心聚集地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)即部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)(ling)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。關于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繁(fan)衍(yan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)續延，史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)書多(duo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)記載，說(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)略見差異。《通(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)·三(san)(san)皇紀(ji)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)》稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)百余(yu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，民知(zhi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)，未知(zhi)熟(shu)食”。《佛祖(zu)歷(li)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)通(tong)(tong)載》稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，百代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)記年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。”《三(san)(san)皇五氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)百余(yu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”。《太平(ping)御覽(lan)》“皇王(wang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)三(san)(san)·有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”條(tiao)下(xia)(xia)(xia)引《遁甲開(kai)山圖》注(zhu)：“王(wang)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)百有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，未詳年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)也(ye)。”《博物志(zhi)(zhi)》記述(shu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)更加(jia)詳細：“昔有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)亂臣而(er)(er)(er)(er)貴，任之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，假(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)權，專國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)斷，已而(er)(er)(er)(er)奪(duo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。臣怒(nu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)變，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亡。”值得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)《春(chun)秋(qiu)緯命(ming)歷(li)序(xu)》其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)八《因(yin)提(ti)紀(ji)》、其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)九《禪通(tong)(tong)紀(ji)》兩(liang)紀(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)分別見記“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”，事(shi)功(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，并(bing)(bing)見“傳(chuan)二世(shi)(shi)(shi)”與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“傳(chuan)七世(shi)(shi)(shi)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差。同(tong)(tong)樣(yang)，《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)·盤古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)王(wang)表(biao)(biao)(biao)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)《重鑄煙(yan)火時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)》（約前(qian)5770～4070年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第(di)6氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”（共2代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)）；其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七《躍起中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)》（約前(qian)3150～2230年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第(di)4氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)皇有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”（共7代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)）。清代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)學(xue)者(zhe)梁履繩考說(shuo)(shuo)“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皇后(hou)(hou)(hou)、燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)前(qian)，亦謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)‘大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’，治(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)樓山，在位三(san)(san)百年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)……一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在昊英(ying)(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，《六韜》、《世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀(ji)》所(suo)(suo)敘者(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)。”其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)兄梁玉(yu)繩認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，“后(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)必上世(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)裔(yi)，遷徙異處，降居(ju)(ju)(ju)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太吳(wu)(wu)臣，似不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)末代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)任亂臣擅國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)亡。”（《〈史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)記〉〈漢書〉諸(zhu)(zhu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)訂補十(shi)種(zhong)》）漫長(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)(ling)自各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)業績和(he)(he)(he)社(she)會(hui)(hui)身份，也(ye)就往(wang)往(wang)留下(xia)(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)名(ming)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)事(shi)跡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)區別，或(huo)(huo)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)首(shou)(shou)(shou)創(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣祖(zu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”，或(huo)(huo)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)嗣(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)(ling)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)皇有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”。在歷(li)經(jing)燧(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、伏(fu)羲氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（女(nv)媧氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)）之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)進(jin)入神農(nong)(nong)(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、軒轅氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)堯、舜時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位漸(jian)(jian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)屈低，興盛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)聯(lian)(lian)盟首(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)(ling)被(bei)(bei)尊為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“九州(zhou)長(chang)(chang)”，而(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)(ling)則被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父”，并(bing)(bing)臣于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)先(xian)(xian)(xian)民們(men)茹(ru)毛飲(yin)血(xue)(xue)(xue)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)接一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)艱苦奮斗，最(zui)早開(kai)發(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，漁(yu)、牧(mu)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)、商(shang)諸(zhu)(zhu)業。這(zhe)里(li)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)沃物豐(feng)，吸引著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)它(ta)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（如(ru)(ru)皋陶氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)偃姓(xing)(xing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)）從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)東方(fang)(fang)(fang)、北(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷徙入，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)土(tu)(tu)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)熱情(qing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)迎(ying)納外(wai)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)并(bing)(bing)讓出(chu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)西(xi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)廣(guang)(guang)闊地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)（今六安(an)(an)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六安(an)(an)縣(xian)、舒城(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)）許(xu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定居(ju)(ju)(ju)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)便(bian)漸(jian)(jian)漸(jian)(jian)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)聯(lian)(lian)盟。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)疆(jiang)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)廣(guang)(guang)袤，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)約包括今巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（1區4縣(xian)）、合肥市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（城(cheng)(cheng)區和(he)(he)(he)3縣(xian)）、六安(an)(an)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)區和(he)(he)(he)六安(an)(an)、壽(shou)縣(xian)、舒城(cheng)(cheng)、霍山等(deng)縣(xian)）和(he)(he)(he)安(an)(an)慶(qing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（桐城(cheng)(cheng)、樅(cong)陽等(deng)縣(xian)）、滁州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)區、全(quan)椒、來(lai)安(an)(an)等(deng)縣(xian)）南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)京市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)江(jiang)北(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區在內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)圓幾千里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)野(ye)、水澤、山林。夏(xia)(xia)禹入巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)治(zhi)(zhi)水期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)盟友皋陶氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)華夏(xia)(xia)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)結成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)聯(lian)(lian)盟，皋陶氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)偃攸嫁給夏(xia)(xia)禹，并(bing)(bing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)啟，這(zhe)使有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)盟友皋陶氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位獲得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重新(xin)(xin)提(ti)升，遂(sui)先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)建立(li)(li)起各(ge)自的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，皋陶氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)偃姓(xing)(xing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)涂山國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)今懷遠(yuan)縣(xian)境(jing)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)建立(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)（簡稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”）則仍舊都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)今巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)城(cheng)(cheng)（郭沫若主(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)稿地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)圖集》）。誠(cheng)如(ru)(ru)《安(an)(an)徽(hui)省(sheng)志(zhi)(zhi)·建置(zhi)沿(yan)革志(zhi)(zhi)》所(suo)(suo)解，“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)建方(fang)(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。”《百家(jia)(jia)(jia)姓(xing)(xing)詳解》云：“禹帝時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曾封有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)建立(li)(li)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)（今安(an)(an)徽(hui)境(jing)內）。在夏(xia)(xia)、商(shang)、周(zhou)三(san)(san)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)世(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，春(chun)秋(qiu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，楚(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)滅(mie)掉巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)公(gong)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)便(bian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)原(yuan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)名(ming)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”夏(xia)(xia)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)建立(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)屬，但因(yin)夏(xia)(xia)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)先(xian)(xian)(xian)輩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)殊關系，故在政治(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)濟上都(dou)獲得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超出(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般小國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)優(you)惠而(er)(er)(er)(er)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)相對(dui)獨立(li)(li)性，賜(si)伯(bo)(bo)爵(jue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)伯(bo)(bo)”。因(yin)位處南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)被(bei)(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”“南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”，簡稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”。“夏(xia)(xia)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處宗(zong)主(zhu)(zhu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)夏(xia)(xia)王(wang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)疆(jiang)，故又稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)‘南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’。”（《巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》）“‘南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)，實(shi)則來(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)。‘南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’最(zui)初是(shi)(shi)(shi)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)。《古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)本(ben)竹(zhu)(zhu)書紀(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)》云：‘夏(xia)(xia)桀逃南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。’這(zhe)個(ge)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)安(an)(an)徽(hui)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)北(bei)(bei)岸，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在卑濕湖(hu)泊地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夏(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)盟部(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。……其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)統治(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在淮(huai)(huai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)、江(jiang)北(bei)(bei)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)。因(yin)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)廣(guang)(guang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，‘南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)就由(you)最(zui)初的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)而(er)(er)(er)(er)指荊楚(chu)(chu)江(jiang)淮(huai)(huai)。”（譚繼和(he)(he)(he)《論(lun)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)巴蜀巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)淵源及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)》）值得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)夏(xia)(xia)桀被(bei)(bei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)湯(tang)(tang)戰(zhan)敗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)直奔南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尋求(qiu)救護(hu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)避難。“湯(tang)(tang)伐桀，戰(zhan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，登(deng)自鳴條(tiao)，乃入巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)門。”（《呂(lv)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)春(chun)秋(qiu)》）“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)湯(tang)(tang)放(fang)桀于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)。”（《尚書·仲虺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誥》）“（湯(tang)(tang)）整兵(bing)鳴條(tiao)，困夏(xia)(xia)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)，譙以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)過(guo)，放(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歷(li)山。”（《淮(huai)(huai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)》）南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)果然(ran)保護(hu)、接納并(bing)(bing)安(an)(an)置(zhi)夏(xia)(xia)桀且與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)湯(tang)(tang)協議(yi)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)雖為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)附屬，然(ran)分疆(jiang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)治(zhi)(zhi)，和(he)(he)(he)平(ping)共處。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)商(shang)500年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間，商(shang)王(wang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)除武(wu)(wu)丁(ding)曾對(dui)虎方(fang)(fang)(fang)（今壽(shou)縣(xian)、長(chang)(chang)豐(feng)縣(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)）用(yong)兵(bing)外(wai)，江(jiang)淮(huai)(huai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區幾無(wu)戰(zhan)事(shi)，各(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)持續穩定地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。（《安(an)(an)徽(hui)省(sheng)志(zhi)(zhi)·建置(zhi)沿(yan)革志(zhi)(zhi)》）周(zhou)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)商(shang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)立(li)(li)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，九州(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)千余(yu)個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)均先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)歸順過(guo)去。抑(yi)或(huo)(huo)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)（及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)六、英(ying)(ying)諸(zhu)(zhu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)）世(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)素與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)商(shang)友睦，周(zhou)王(wang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)介(jie)意(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)多(duo)次(ci)(ci)(ci)遣師征討。“周(zhou)原(yuan)出(chu)土(tu)(tu)甲骨有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)‘征巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’記載，《西(xi)清古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鑒(jian)》中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)件青銅器記載周(zhou)對(dui)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)兵(bing)。”（《安(an)(an)徽(hui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辭(ci)典》）巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)表(biao)(biao)(biao)示臣服，然(ran)周(zhou)武(wu)(wu)王(wang)姬發(fa)(fa)視巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)勢(shi)強，遂(sui)將(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)析分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、廬二國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資深，繼賜(si)伯(bo)(bo)爵(jue)，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)伯(bo)(bo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”，廬國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)賜(si)子(zi)爵(jue)，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“廬子(zi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”。春(chun)秋(qiu)前(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)至中(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)始(shi)(shi)終是(shi)(shi)(shi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)重要(yao)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)《左傳(chuan)》，15次(ci)(ci)(ci)見“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)肥物豐(feng)，位處“吳(wu)(wu)頭楚(chu)(chu)尾(wei)”，故長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)楚(chu)(chu)、吳(wu)(wu)掠(lve)奪(duo)對(dui)象(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)交(jiao)兵(bing)戰(zhan)場，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)漸(jian)(jian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)衰(shuai)微，時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)楚(chu)(chu)屬，時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)吳(wu)(wu)屬，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)518年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，被(bei)(bei)吳(wu)(wu)滅(mie)亡。
記載
◎《中華大字典》稱：“巢(chao)：國(guo)名。《書(shu)序》：巢(chao)伯來朝。”
◎《巢(chao)(chao)湖市志》記：“西周加封這(zhe)個(ge)夏、商的遺留方國為伯爵(jue)。巢(chao)(chao)伯在周武王(wang)時(shi)進京朝覲，芮伯還為此作了一(yi)篇(pian)《旅巢(chao)(chao)命》。西周銅(tong)器《班簋》銘(ming)文中(zhong)有‘秉(bing)、繁、蜀(shu)、巢(chao)(chao)’4個(ge)國名，其中(zhong)的‘巢(chao)(chao)’字就是巢(chao)(chao)伯國。”
◎公(gong)元前615年(nian)，楚國伐巢(chao)國，《春(chun)秋·文公(gong)十二年(nian)》云：“夏，楚人(ren)圍巢(chao)。”杜(du)預注：“巢(chao)，吳楚間小國。廬(lu)江六縣東有居巢(chao)城。”
◎前584年，《左傳》云：“吳始(shi)伐楚(chu)伐巢(chao)”。
◎前518年，吳國(guo)滅巢國(guo)，《左傳·昭公二(er)十四年》云(yun)：“吳人踵楚(chu)，而邊人不備，遂滅巢及鐘(zhong)離(li)而還。”
按:今巢(chao)(chao)湖市域為(wei)古巢(chao)(chao)國之地(di)，本為(wei)有巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)生息地(di)和有巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)氏(shi)(shi)族部落所(suo)轄地(di)。因(yin)此(ci)，這(zhe)里有關地(di)域名(ming)(ming)稱、山水名(ming)(ming)稱和政區(qu)名(ming)(ming)稱都往往取用“巢(chao)(chao)”字。誠(cheng)如《安徽省(sheng)志·建(jian)置沿(yan)革志》所(suo)說：“除僑置外，凡(fan)帶‘巢(chao)(chao)’字的(de)政區(qu)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)都與古巢(chao)(chao)國有關。因(yin)此(ci)，可以說，巢(chao)(chao)湖及帶‘巢(chao)(chao)’字的(de)政區(qu)名(ming)(ming)稱均(jun)源于(yu)古巢(chao)(chao)國。古巢(chao)(chao)國源于(yu)有巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)所(suo)建(jian)方國。”
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