有巢(chao)(chao)氏(shi)早期生(sheng)(sheng)活在(zai)浙江寧紹平(ping)原一(yi)帶(dai)，原屬河姆渡人的一(yi)支；后遷徙至(zhi)良(liang)渚古(gu)(gu)城，在(zai)杭(hang)嘉湖平(ping)原休養生(sheng)(sheng)息并創(chuang)造“巢(chao)(chao)居(ju)”（構(gou)木為(wei)巣）；并于今山東瑯琊(ya)古(gu)(gu)城建(jian)(jian)立(li)陪都(dou)(dou)。后又遷至(zhi)安徽省(sheng)巢(chao)(chao)湖流域一(yi)帶(dai)，定都(dou)(dou)于凌家灘古(gu)(gu)城（今安徽凌家灘遺(yi)址）；建(jian)(jian)立(li)古(gu)(gu)巢(chao)(chao)國。
古(gu)巢(chao)國是一個以凌家灘古(gu)城為(wei)中心(xin)的(de)城邦國家。處于凌家灘文(wen)化時(shi)期（前4664----前4464年）。同時(shi)也(ye)屬(shu)于上古(gu)部落首領”有巢(chao)氏“（尊號”巢(chao)皇“、”大巢(chao)氏“前4964----前4464年在位）執政(zheng)后(hou)期。
古(gu)巢(chao)國由良渚古(gu)國演變而來，古(gu)巢(chao)國的(de)(de)創立者就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)良渚古(gu)國的(de)(de)末(mo)代君(jun)主(zhu)（或(huo)氏族）。古(gu)巢(chao)國文(wen)明本(ben)身也是(shi)(shi)良渚文(wen)明的(de)(de)延續。
古(gu)巢(chao)國本身傳承了(le)河(he)姆(mu)渡、良(liang)渚(zhu)、凌家灘三種文化，是(shi)三大遠古(gu)文明(ming)的集(ji)大成(cheng)者。
巢(chao)湖(hu)市位(wei)踞華東腹地，處皖江中(zhong)心南依湯湯長江，脈連(lian)蜀越(yue)五湖(hu)，西北望莽(mang)莽(mang)淮(huai)河，懷抱巨浸十川，千里(li)沃野，百巒星布，四季(ji)分明(ming)而水豐(feng)土腴(yu)，八方(fang)輻輳而物阜人(ren)旺；是(shi)中(zhong)華人(ren)類(lei)起源的一方(fang)瑞土，中(zhong)華人(ren)文始祖有巢(chao)氏及其氏族生息(xi)繁衍(yan)而發韌文明(ming)，在(zai)這(zhe)里(li)建立(li)龐(pang)大的氏族方(fang)國---巢(chao)國。
而(er)后(hou)又有有巢氏分支向黃淮平原(yuan)遷徙(xi)，定(ding)都于商(shang)丘古城建(jian)立(li)了燧明(ming)國(guo)（實為“燧明(ming)城邦”）。
有(you)巢(chao)氏(shi)最早開發巢(chao)湖流域的漁、農、商諸業(ye)，獲得了迅速繁衍(yan)與(yu)興旺壯(zhuang)大的先機，夏代之前(qian)便形(xing)成了自己的氏(shi)族方(fang)國——有(you)巢(chao)國，簡稱巢(chao)國。
隨著氏族(zu)興旺壯大(da)而向四周擴展，主流趨勢是(shi)沿長江北岸土肥(fei)水豐的(de)平陸地(di)帶東(dong)西雙向蔓延，并往大(da)別山麓發展。其疆域廣袤(mao)，大(da)約包括今巢(chao)湖市(shi)（1區(qu)4縣(xian)）、合(he)肥(fei)市(shi)（城(cheng)區(qu)和(he)3縣(xian)）、六安(an)市(shi)（市(shi)城(cheng)區(qu)和(he)六安(an)、壽(shou)縣(xian)、舒城(cheng)、霍山等縣(xian)）和(he)安(an)慶(qing)市(shi)（桐(tong)城(cheng)、樅陽等縣(xian)）、滁州市(shi)（市(shi)城(cheng)區(qu)、全椒、來安(an)等縣(xian)）南京市(shi)江北地(di)區(qu)在內(nei)的(de)方圓幾千里的(de)原野、水澤、山林(lin)。
歷史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)夏曾佑先生(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)20世(shi)(shi)紀(ji)30年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)述上古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)討“世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)(chu)”時(shi)即(ji)(ji)曾說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)過(guo)：“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)，決不(bu)(bu)(bu)能謂(wei)其(qi)(qi)無所始(shi)。然言其(qi)(qi)所始(shi)，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)各不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)。”當時(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)各不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)”約(yue)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兩(liang)派，一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“由(you)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，則人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)神造”，一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“由(you)今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，則人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)演”。（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》）所謂(wei)“神造”，乃“盤(pan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)開(kai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)”，即(ji)(ji)盤(pan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)老祖用(yong)(yong)斧鑿(zao)(zao)開(kai)辟天(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)而衍(yan)生(sheng)(sheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)皇、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)皇、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皇，于是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)便產生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)及(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)。或(huo)曰(yue)“女(nv)媧造人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”，無所不(bu)(bu)(bu)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)神女(nv)媧氏(shi)(shi)以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)補天(tian)(tian)(tian)，并用(yong)(yong)黃土(tu)捏造出(chu)了(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。其(qi)(qi)它國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)亦(yi)然，譬(pi)如(ru)《圣經》就(jiu)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上帝創造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)亞當、夏娃(wa)繁(fan)衍(yan)了(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。所謂(wei)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)演”，即(ji)(ji)進化(hua)(hua)(hua)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)東(dong)方(fang)譯(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)于英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)查(cha)理(li)·達(da)爾文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)（Charles Robert Darwin）1859年(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)版的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《物(wu)(wu)種起源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)》，及(ji)(ji)赫胥黎（Thomas Henry Huxley）所著《進化(hua)(hua)(hua)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)與(yu)(yu)倫理(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)》，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)著名(ming)(ming)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者嚴復于1895年(nian)(nian)(nian)漢(han)譯(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)《天(tian)(tian)(tian)演論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)》。現(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)確(que)認(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)非(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“神造”，蓋由(you)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)進化(hua)(hua)(hua)而成(cheng)。關(guan)于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)同(tong)(tong)樣“說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)各不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)”，也(ye)(ye)約(yue)分兩(liang)派，一(yi)(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)域(yu)(yu)(yu)外遷徙而來，其(qi)(qi)遵循的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“非(fei)(fei)洲起源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)”；一(yi)(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)本土(tu)亦(yi)產生(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)，尤其(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)近(jin)些年(nian)(nian)(nian)來，隨著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)境內古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)，如(ru)巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)龍骨(gu)(gu)(gu)坡發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”系(xi)紀(ji)于204萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，且為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，這就(jiu)徹底動(dong)搖了(le)長(chang)(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)以(yi)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)“一(yi)(yi)本同(tong)(tong)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)。隨著“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)多(duo)(duo)(duo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)起源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”學(xue)(xue)(xue)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興起和(he)(he)(he)(he)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷新(xin)獲，雄辯地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)證(zheng)(zheng)了(le)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、華夏文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。處(chu)于長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)下(xia)游皖(wan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)，正(zheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這塊(kuai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重點(dian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)位。自20世(shi)(shi)紀(ji)80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)初(chu)(chu)始(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)在(zai)(zai)這片圣地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)掘并獲取古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍貴(gui)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)骸和(he)(he)(he)(he)大(da)(da)批動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)，充分說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)早(zao)(zao)(zao)在(zai)(zai)70萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)～60萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)（亦(yi)有(you)(you)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)50～40萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)），和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)龍潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)曾居住(zhu)著“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”）。“‘和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’與(yu)(yu)‘北(bei)(bei)京(jing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)別較大(da)(da)，而與(yu)(yu)‘爪哇人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’比(bi)較近(jin)似(si)。同(tong)(tong)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)器、角器很多(duo)(duo)(duo)，加工(gong)清楚，類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)型穩定，用(yong)(yong)火證(zheng)(zheng)據也(ye)(ye)十(shi)分確(que)鑿(zao)(zao)……據賈蘭坡教授(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意見，‘和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’可(ke)能早(zao)(zao)(zao)達(da)七十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)～六十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)。”（張習孔、田玨(jue)主編《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)歷史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)事編年(nian)(nian)(nian)·遠古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)》）隨后(hou)又在(zai)(zai)今居巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)岱山(shan)(shan)鄉銀(yin)山(shan)(shan)村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)穴里發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”“銀(yin)山(shan)(shan)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居住(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)，距(ju)今約(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)30萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)～20萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)與(yu)(yu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)證(zheng)(zheng)，對于研(yan)究(jiu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，探索中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)差異(yi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)游地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)演化(hua)(hua)(hua)都至關(guan)重要(yao)。《安(an)徽(hui)省志·文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)志提要(yao)》明(ming)確(que)指(zhi)出(chu)：“80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)初(chu)(chu)，先后(hou)在(zai)(zai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)龍潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)銀(yin)山(shan)(shan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)一(yi)(yi)批古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)……被學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)界(jie)(jie)命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)‘和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’和(he)(he)(he)(he)‘巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’。80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)以(yi)來，在(zai)(zai)皖(wan)南(nan)(nan)水陽(yang)(yang)(yang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)及(ji)(ji)沿江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)又相繼發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)批舊石(shi)(shi)(shi)器出(chu)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)點(dian)，時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)更(geng)新(xin)世(shi)(shi)早(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)或(huo)偏(pian)晚，屬于南(nan)(nan)方(fang)礫石(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)系(xi)統(tong)。這一(yi)(yi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)對研(yan)究(jiu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)下(xia)游地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)舊石(shi)(shi)(shi)器時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)早(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，以(yi)及(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)它地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)舊石(shi)(shi)(shi)器時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)，有(you)(you)著十(shi)分重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義(yi)。”文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者靳懷(huai)堾評(ping)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)：“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)策(ce)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)又決不(bu)(bu)(bu)止于黃河流域(yu)(yu)(yu)……長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)早(zao)(zao)(zao)在(zai)(zai)200～170萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)就(jiu)有(you)(you)巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)(he)(he)元謀猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)支流兩(liang)岸生(sheng)(sheng)活。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)還有(you)(you)鄖(yun)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、鄖(yun)西猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)(chang)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、桐梓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、麗江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、西疇人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、資(zi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)繁(fan)衍(yan)生(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)。”（《華夏江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)》）“南(nan)(nan)京(jing)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”骨(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)許漢(han)奎研(yan)究(jiu)員(yuan)等(deng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)，將我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)最早(zao)(zao)(zao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)徽(hui)潛山(shan)(shan)靈長(chang)(chang)(chang)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)（距(ju)今6000多(duo)(duo)(duo)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇溧陽(yang)(yang)(yang)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華曙猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”（4500萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，比(bi)埃及(ji)(ji)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)還早(zao)(zao)(zao)1000多(duo)(duo)(duo)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇泗洪雙(shuang)溝(gou)“雙(shuang)溝(gou)醉猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”（約(yue)1500～1000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、安(an)徽(hui)繁(fan)昌石(shi)(shi)(shi)器（240萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（約(yue)50～40萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、“南(nan)(nan)京(jing)智(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（約(yue)30～20萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、“鎮(zhen)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)晚期(qi)(qi)智(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”（約(yue)4～3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)）、溧水人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)（約(yue)2～1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)）等(deng)等(deng)聯系(xi)起來分析研(yan)究(jiu)，“推論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)安(an)徽(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)起源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。”（《江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇安(an)徽(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)》）楊(yang)東(dong)晨研(yan)究(jiu)員(yuan)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：“從靠近(jin)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)徽(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)陶店龍潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)銀(yin)山(shan)(shan)早(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)智(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)，及(ji)(ji)皖(wan)南(nan)(nan)水陽(yang)(yang)(yang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)兩(liang)岸二級階地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)12處(chu)舊石(shi)(shi)(shi)器點(dian)來看(kan)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)徽(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)”。（《先秦時(shi)期(qi)(qi)安(an)徽(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)族和(he)(he)(he)(he)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)考(kao)察》）考(kao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者徐(xu)吉(ji)軍(jun)指(zhi)出(chu)：“江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)又稱(cheng)‘兩(liang)淮文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)’，以(yi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心，其(qi)(qi)范(fan)圍大(da)(da)致包括長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)以(yi)北(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇、安(an)徽(hui)兩(liang)省境地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。她(ta)處(chu)在(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)(yu)黃河文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)交流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)渡地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)連接中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)走廊與(yu)(yu)橋梁。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)著悠(you)久(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)和(he)(he)(he)(he)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)存。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇泗洪下(xia)草灣猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)安(an)徽(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)龍潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)，表明(ming)早(zao)(zao)(zao)在(zai)(zai)更(geng)新(xin)世(shi)(shi)晚期(qi)(qi)，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)就(jiu)有(you)(you)了(le)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活動(dong)。”（《論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)分》）“和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)智(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)與(yu)(yu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)證(zheng)(zheng)，確(que)立(li)了(le)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)祥(xiang)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位。歷史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)應(ying)梁指(zhi)出(chu)：“安(an)徽(hui)龍潭(tan)(tan)洞(dong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)等(deng)，稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)晚期(qi)(qi)直(zhi)立(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。這是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)完全形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，亦(yi)即(ji)(ji)真正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)族史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》）文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者朱(zhu)泓教授(shou)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)土(tu)于安(an)徽(hui)省巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（今巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)）銀(yin)屏區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)岱山(shan)(shan)鄉銀(yin)山(shan)(shan)村(cun)附近(jin)……該批材料所顯(xian)示出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些進步性體(ti)質特征與(yu)(yu)北(bei)(bei)京(jing)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、和(he)(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，故(gu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)應(ying)歸屬于早(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)智(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)范(fan)疇。”（《體(ti)質人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)》）這就(jiu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)始(shi)祖有(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)籍于巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)奠(dian)定了(le)最堅實亦(yi)最可(ke)信的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)社(she)會學(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)基礎(chu)。
現(xian)代(dai)社(she)(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)很難想象遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)時(shi)代(dai)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)界(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)那(nei)(nei)種荒涼(liang)混沌景象，也(ye)很難想象包括原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)在(zai)(zai)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)界(jie)那(nei)(nei)等野蠻混亂(luan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態，而(er)(er)(er)只能(neng)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)關(guan)(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)和(he)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)記(ji)述，從(cong)(cong)(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)讀出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)和(he)想見一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)合(he)(he)乎(hu)當(dang)時(shi)“實(shi)況”或“真相(xiang)相(xiang)近”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)景來(lai)。（徐旭(xu)生(sheng)(sheng)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)時(shi)代(dai)》）古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)告訴我們(men)，“上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)穴(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)而(er)(er)(er)野處，后世(shi)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)宮室。”（《易·系(xi)辭(ci)》）“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)，因陵(ling)丘崛穴(xue)而(er)(er)(er)處焉。”“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)，未知(zhi)為(wei)宮室時(shi)，就(jiu)(jiu)陵(ling)阜而(er)(er)(er)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，穴(xue)而(er)(er)(er)處……未知(zhi)為(wei)衣服(fu)時(shi)，衣皮(pi)帶(dai)茭……未知(zhi)飲食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)，素(su)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)分(fen)處。”（《墨子(zi)·辭(ci)過(guo)》）“日與(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，族(zu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)萬物(wu)并。”（《莊子(zi)·馬蹄(ti)》）“昔者(zhe)(zhe)昊英(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)，以(yi)(yi)伐木(mu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)殺。”（《商君書·畫策篇》）“昔者(zhe)(zhe)先(xian)王(wang)(wang)未有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)宮室，冬則(ze)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)營窟，夏(xia)則(ze)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)橧巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)。未有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)火(huo)化(hua)(hua)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)草(cao)木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)，禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肉，飲其血，茹其毛(mao)，未有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)麻絲(si)，衣其羽皮(pi)。”（《禮記(ji)·禮運》）“合(he)(he)雒紀世(shi)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)穴(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，衣皮(pi)毛(mao)。”（《春秋(qiu)緯·命(ming)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)序》）人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)共處洞(dong)穴(xue)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)多(duo)少年(nian)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)為(wei)爭奪洞(dong)穴(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)(zhu)權付出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)多(duo)大(da)(da)代(dai)價，誰也(ye)無法(fa)(fa)詳考和(he)統(tong)計。原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)面(mian)對大(da)(da)量死亡(wang)，無止的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流血和(he)日夜(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)哀號(hao)(hao)(hao)，老弱婦(fu)幼唯有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)恐慌與(yu)(yu)(yu)淚泣(qi)，青(qing)壯(zhuang)年(nian)們(men)則(ze)努力拼搏(bo)著(zhu)、掙扎著(zhu)、思(si)慮著(zhu)、探(tan)索著(zhu)——人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)必須走(zou)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)洞(dong)穴(xue)，避(bi)(bi)讓蟲(chong)蛇，離(li)(li)(li)開禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)，尋找和(he)建筑(zhu)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)(zi)己生(sheng)(sheng)存與(yu)(yu)(yu)繁衍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)空間(jian)——于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)，“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)”終(zhong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)了(le)(le)。那(nei)(nei)么(me)首創(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)誰呢？《莊子(zi)·盜跖》云(yun)：“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)多(duo)而(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)少，于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)皆巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)以(yi)(yi)避(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。晝拾橡栗，暮(mu)棲(qi)木(mu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，故(gu)命(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)’。”《古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)三墳》記(ji)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)太古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)，覺識于(yu)(yu)(yu)天、地(di)、草(cao)、木(mu)、蟲(chong)、魚(yu)、鳥、獸(shou)，俾人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)穴(xue)，積鳥獸(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肉，聚草(cao)木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)，天下(xia)九頭，咸歸有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)，始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)君也(ye)，動止，群(qun)群(qun)相(xiang)聚而(er)(er)(er)尊事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”《韓非子(zi)·五(wu)蠹(du)》載：“上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)少而(er)(er)(er)禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)眾，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)勝禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)蟲(chong)蛇。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)作(zuo)，構(gou)(gou)木(mu)為(wei)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)，以(yi)(yi)避(bi)(bi)群(qun)害(hai)(hai)，而(er)(er)(er)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)說(shuo)(shuo)（悅）之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使王(wang)(wang)天下(xia)，號(hao)(hao)(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’。”《始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)篇》曰(yue)(yue)：“上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)皆穴(xue)處，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)教(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，號(hao)(hao)(hao)‘大(da)(da)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’。”《通(tong)(tong)志·三皇(huang)紀》云(yun)：“厥初(chu)(chu)，先(xian)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)穴(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)野處，圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)教(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)，以(yi)(yi)避(bi)(bi)蟲(chong)豸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)(hai)，而(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)草(cao)木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)，故(gu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’，亦曰(yue)(yue)‘大(da)(da)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’。”毫(hao)(hao)無疑問(wen)，“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)”首創(chuang)者(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功德(de)是(shi)(shi)無量無垠(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)時(shi)代(dai)，茫(mang)茫(mang)洪荒，兇禽(qin)(qin)猛獸(shou)，初(chu)(chu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)艱難困(kun)苦，生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)毫(hao)(hao)無保障(zhang)，各個“原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)”無不(bu)(bu)奮力戰斗(dou)以(yi)(yi)圖(tu)改(gai)變(bian)和(he)改(gai)善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)存條件(jian)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)(zui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)創(chuang)見最(zui)(zui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)發(fa)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)最(zui)(zui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)貢獻(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖先(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，他既有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心，仁人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愛(ai)，更(geng)(geng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)偉人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志，杰人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行，他是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個在(zai)(zai)極其艱難的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困(kun)境中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，用(yong)智慧和(he)膽(dan)識，血汗(han)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)，英(ying)勇無畏地(di)與(yu)(yu)(yu)天斗(dou)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)斗(dou)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)斗(dou)，終(zhong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)奮斗(dou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)踐(jian)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)造革新(xin)，導(dao)引人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)進步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)英(ying)雄典范。1903年(nian)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)效魯在(zai)(zai)贊美中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)悠久偉大(da)(da)時(shi)曾(ceng)這(zhe)(zhe)樣宣言：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)法(fa)(fa)，伏羲氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)畫八(ba)卦、教(jiao)(jiao)佃漁、造書契、作(zuo)甲歷(li)(li)(li)(li)，神農(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藝(yi)五(wu)谷(gu)，制醫藥，立商廛(chan)，蓋當(dang)時(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)甲于(yu)(yu)(yu)諸族(zu)……民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)智漸(jian)啟，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濫觴，實(shi)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)斯(si)時(shi)。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)去及未來(lai)》）學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)、出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版家(jia)(jia)王(wang)(wang)云(yun)五(wu)贊頌說(shuo)(shuo)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)偉人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，教(jiao)(jiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)造巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)。”（《王(wang)(wang)云(yun)五(wu)大(da)(da)辭(ci)典》）歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)徐旭(xu)生(sheng)(sheng)說(shuo)(shuo)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、燧人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)我國(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)里面(mian)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)特(te)別(bie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)功，或者(zhe)(zhe)更(geng)(geng)可以(yi)(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)他們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功業更(geng)(geng)容易被人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)了(le)(le)解，所以(yi)(yi)除(chu)了(le)(le)《系(xi)辭(ci)》所述的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)帝以(yi)(yi)外他們(men)特(te)別(bie)占(zhan)著(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種優勝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)位。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)時(shi)代(dai)》）文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)蔡建軍指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)：“從(cong)(cong)(cong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)‘構(gou)(gou)木(mu)為(wei)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’，到(dao)燧人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)‘鉆(zhan)燧取(qu)火(huo)’，到(dao)神農(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)‘與(yu)(yu)(yu)麋鹿共處，耕而(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，織而(er)(er)(er)衣’，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)‘上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)’史(shi)(shi)(shi)進入(ru)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展階段(duan)。”（《玉(yu)蟾(chan)巖神農(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)遺(yi)址(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)起(qi)(qi)源》）有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功德(de)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)導(dao)引全(quan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)進步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)時(shi)代(dai)意(yi)(yi)義。恩(en)格斯(si)指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，我們(men)就(jiu)(jiu)開始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。”（《自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)辯證法(fa)(fa)》）這(zhe)(zhe)里所說(shuo)(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”，指(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)，指(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)那(nei)(nei)從(cong)(cong)(cong)“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)猿”進化(hua)(hua)過(guo)來(lai)而(er)(er)(er)跨入(ru)“原(yuan)始(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“最(zui)(zui)早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)”。所謂歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)，本質(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)會(hui)史(shi)(shi)(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)構(gou)(gou)成歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)要素(su)。恩(en)格斯(si)又說(shuo)(shuo)：“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)最(zui)(zui)初(chu)(chu)怎樣脫(tuo)離(li)(li)(li)動物(wu)界(jie)（就(jiu)(jiu)狹義而(er)(er)(er)言），他們(men)就(jiu)(jiu)怎樣進入(ru)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。”（《自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)辯證法(fa)(fa)》）這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)確告訴我們(men)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)社(she)(she)會(hui)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)頁是(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)初(chu)(chu)脫(tuo)離(li)(li)(li)動物(wu)界(jie)那(nei)(nei)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步走(zou)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。1924年(nian)3月9日，孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)講(jiang)(jiang)授《民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)權主義》，在(zai)(zai)討論人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)“世(shi)界(jie)進化(hua)(hua)”分(fen)析(xi)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)時(shi)代(dai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)時(shi)，則(ze)隆(long)重地(di)推出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)先(xian)祖有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，他說(shuo)(shuo)：“世(shi)界(jie)進化(hua)(hua)……到(dao)了(le)(le)同天爭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代(dai)，專講(jiang)(jiang)打是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)可能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，故(gu)當(dang)時(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)感覺非常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困(kun)難。后來(lai)便(bian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)聰(cong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)來(lai)替(ti)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)謀幸福(fu)……有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)在(zai)(zai)樹(shu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)做(zuo)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)室，替(ti)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)謀避(bi)(bi)風雨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)災害(hai)(hai)。自(zi)(zi)此以(yi)(yi)后，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)便(bian)逐漸(jian)發(fa)達，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)也(ye)逐漸(jian)團結起(qi)(qi)來(lai)。”（《三民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)主義》）歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)呂振羽滿腔熱(re)情(qing)地(di)贊美有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“構(gou)(gou)木(mu)為(wei)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偉大(da)(da)創(chuang)造，說(shuo)(shuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)至(zhi)此“才從(cong)(cong)(cong)‘日與(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，族(zu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)萬物(wu)并’的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)解放出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)來(lai)。”（《簡明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)通(tong)(tong)史(shi)(shi)(shi)》）歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)哲學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)任繼(ji)愈先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)說(shuo)(shuo)：“通(tong)(tong)過(guo)史(shi)(shi)(shi)書，我們(men)看到(dao)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)許許多(duo)多(duo)英(ying)雄人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)無數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)創(chuang)造……有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)樹(shu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)搭屋，這(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)很了(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)起(qi)(qi)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)不(bu)(bu)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)洞(dong)穴(xue)里住(zhu)(zhu)了(le)(le)，能(neng)夠住(zhu)(zhu)房了(le)(le)，這(zhe)(zhe)可以(yi)(yi)避(bi)(bi)免潮(chao)濕，是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進步。”（《有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)里程(cheng)碑意(yi)(yi)義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)盛事(shi)》）離(li)(li)(li)開洞(dong)穴(xue)、避(bi)(bi)讓禽(qin)(qin)獸(shou)而(er)(er)(er)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)”，顯然(ran)(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)動物(wu)分(fen)野的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)初(chu)(chu)行為(wei)，是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)所揭開的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)會(hui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)頁。作(zuo)為(wei)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)”首創(chuang)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，無疑是(shi)(shi)開啟全(quan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。
◎《百家姓(xing)詳(xiang)解》云：“巢，堯為(wei)(wei)帝時，有大臣巢父(fu)常(chang)居于山中，以樹為(wei)(wei)巢……。禹(yu)帝時曾封有巢氏(shi)之后(hou)建立巢國(guo)（今安徽境內）。在夏、商、周三代，巢國(guo)世代為(wei)(wei)諸侯國(guo)，春秋(qiu)時期，前518年，吳國(guo)滅(mie)掉巢國(guo)，巢國(guo)后(hou)代公(gong)族(zu)便以原國(guo)名作為(wei)(wei)姓(xing)氏(shi)。”
夏王(wang)朝時期，地宜物豐的南巢，吸引著其(qi)(qi)它(ta)氏(shi)族(zu)部落(luo)（如皋陶氏(shi)后裔偃姓(xing)部落(luo)）從東方(fang)(fang)、北方(fang)(fang)不斷徙入，有巢氏(shi)熱情友(you)誼(yi)地歡迎外姓(xing)并(bing)讓出巢湖西方(fang)(fang)、西南方(fang)(fang)地域（今六安市六安縣、舒城縣一帶）許以定居(ju)，便漸漸形成了以巢國為中心的部落(luo)聯盟，在巢湖流域、江淮之間廣袤大地上(shang)生活、居(ju)息和墾植，以地理方(fang)(fang)位(wei)稱其(qi)(qi)為“南巢氏(shi)”，簡稱“南巢”。
成湯(tang)戰(zhan)(zhan)敗夏(xia)(xia)桀(jie)，夏(xia)(xia)桀(jie)逃往南(nan)巢，南(nan)巢以接納夏(xia)(xia)桀(jie)為條件，與(yu)成湯(tang)達成協(xie)議，南(nan)巢與(yu)商(shang)王朝分疆而治，和睦相處，幾百(bai)年間無戰(zhan)(zhan)事(shi)。
巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)能成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)發(fa)祥(xiang)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)能成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)子孫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)地(di)，關鍵因(yin)素是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)地(di)方(fang)(fang)具備(bei)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)地(di)理特定(ding)條(tiao)(tiao)件。就(jiu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)形地(di)審視，其(qi)(qi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)濱長江，懷抱巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，地(di)勢由(you)北(bei)(bei)而南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)漸低，地(di)貌類(lei)型復雜多樣(yang)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)、崗臺、圩畈三(san)者(zhe)(zhe)合(he)理分布，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)江、湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)、泉并(bing)(bing)存(cun)，以(yi)水(shui)見長，河湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)域(yu)(yu)(yu)近1300平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公里(li)。地(di)跨東(dong)經(jing)117°00′～118°29′、北(bei)(bei)緯(wei)30°56′～32°02′，氣溫適中(zhong)，四季(ji)分明(ming)，資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐實，得(de)(de)天獨厚，樹木(mu)(mu)、果木(mu)(mu)、谷(gu)物、雜物、魚(yu)蝦(xia)、禽獸(shou)(shou)，品種(zhong)繁多，尤其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)岡連原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)野，山(shan)(shan)(shan)陵(ling)多洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)，適宜(yi)各(ge)種(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)，各(ge)種(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命繁衍。也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說，這(zhe)地(di)方(fang)(fang)在(zai)自然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態上(shang)(shang)提(ti)供了(le)(le)最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)優厚而且最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)適宜(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)條(tiao)(tiao)件，此(ci)其(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相對于“穴(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”而言并(bing)(bing)由(you)其(qi)(qi)發(fa)展(zhan)而來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。值得(de)(de)我們(men)(men)關注與(yu)(yu)驚喜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，考(kao)(kao)(kao)古(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)從“和(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”居(ju)(ju)(ju)住的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)龍潭(tan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)里(li)發(fa)現(xian)了(le)(le)25種(zhong)動(dong)物（其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)主要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第四紀(ji)動(dong)物）。從骨骸化石鑒定(ding)分析，“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”遺址的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)處(chu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)，至少有(you)(you)(you)(you)過(guo)豹、熊、虎(hu)、犀(xi)牛(niu)等24種(zhong)哺乳(ru)動(dong)物出沒(mei)。巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)考(kao)(kao)(kao)古(gu)資(zi)(zi)料明(ming)確地(di)告訴我們(men)(men)，我們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)先(xian)確實是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“穴(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)野處(chu)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)禽獸(shou)(shou)蟲蛇為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“伴”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。龍潭(tan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)、銀山(shan)(shan)(shan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)理位置和(he)(he)自然(ran)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)，及(ji)其(qi)(qi)考(kao)(kao)(kao)古(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)證，可(ke)讓(rang)我們(men)(men)透(tou)過(guo)時(shi)(shi)空邃道而直觀幾十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)場景和(he)(he)探索(suo)他(ta)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)蹤跡，并(bing)(bing)讓(rang)我們(men)(men)得(de)(de)知，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經(jing)歷了(le)(le)幾十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苦難(nan)(nan)、思考(kao)(kao)(kao)才覺醒起來(lai)，離開(kai)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)，避(bi)讓(rang)禽獸(shou)(shou)，建筑屬(shu)(shu)于人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立(li)家(jia)(jia)園。巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群引起“避(bi)讓(rang)禽獸(shou)(shou)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)覺醒，產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)變(bian)革“穴(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)意(yi)，提(ti)供了(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)社會環(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)佳客(ke)觀依據(ju)，此(ci)其(qi)(qi)二。存(cun)在(zai)決定(ding)意(yi)識。識者(zhe)(zhe)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群從改變(bian)“穴(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”而走向“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”，并(bing)(bing)實施“筑巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)建居(ju)(ju)(ju)”，還要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)必(bi)須提(ti)供以(yi)下這(zhe)4方(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物質(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)件，而且似乎(hu)缺一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)則難(nan)(nan)以(yi)形成。①地(di)貌要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)——有(you)(you)(you)(you)阜陵(ling)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)，先(xian)民起初是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)禽獸(shou)(shou)共同(tong)居(ju)(ju)(ju)住洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)中(zhong)，躲(duo)避(bi)風雨(yu)寒暑(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。②資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)——有(you)(you)(you)(you)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)野，有(you)(you)(you)(you)水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)多種(zhong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)植(zhi)物作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本食物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan)(yuan)。③物產(chan)(chan)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)——多樹木(mu)(mu)，且有(you)(you)(you)(you)喬木(mu)(mu)，利筑巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)，筑巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)需(xu)要大(da)量樹木(mu)(mu)。④氣候(hou)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)——處(chu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)，氣候(hou)宜(yi)，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)簡陋(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)，非南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)氣候(hou)溫潤則幼(you)弱無(wu)法過(guo)冬(dong)。張習孔(kong)等歷史學(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)在(zai)介紹有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)特別強調(diao)，“在(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)早(zao)期，特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)民，確實經(jing)歷過(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個時(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)‘巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)’生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)。”（《中(zhong)國(guo)歷史大(da)事編年》）朱泓(hong)教(jiao)授(shou)說：“（巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進步性體(ti)質(zhi)特征與(yu)(yu)北(bei)(bei)京猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、和(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)猿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不同(tong)，故(gu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)應歸屬(shu)(shu)于早(zao)期智人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)范疇。”（《體(ti)質(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)》）位處(chu)中(zhong)國(guo)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)及(ji)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)理和(he)(he)物質(zhi)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)，給(gei)(gei)“早(zao)期智人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”即(ji)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智者(zhe)(zhe)提(ti)供了(le)(le)由(you)“穴(xue)(xue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”到(dao)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)革條(tiao)(tiao)件，此(ci)其(qi)(qi)三(san)。中(zhong)華民族(zu)(zu)以(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勤于創(chuang)新、發(fa)明(ming)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)、開(kai)創(chuang)文(wen)明(ming)、福澤(ze)萬(wan)(wan)世(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣祖(zu)而自豪。千(qian)百(bai)年來(lai)，諸多姓氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)都(dou)在(zai)尋(xun)根探源(yuan)(yuan)論(lun)證他(ta)們(men)(men)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)血緣后(hou)裔，諸多地(di)方(fang)(fang)都(dou)在(zai)廣搜文(wen)獻求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)證他(ta)們(men)(men)那里(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)籍地(di)望。然(ran)就(jiu)歷史資(zi)(zi)料和(he)(he)研(yan)究(jiu)成果而言，最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)集中(zhong)亦(yi)(yi)最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)可(ke)信(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)即(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)。漢(han)代(dai)緯(wei)書《遁甲開(kai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)圖》記載：“石樓(lou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)在(zai)瑯(lang)邪，昔(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)治此(ci)山(shan)(shan)(shan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)。”（按：瑯(lang)邪，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)瑯(lang)琊，山(shan)(shan)(shan)名，在(zai)安徽(hui)省滁州市(shi)(shi)西南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)古(gu)代(dai)名山(shan)(shan)(shan)，漢(han)元封(feng)5年即(ji)公元前106年，武(wu)帝劉徹南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巡還曾(ceng)禮拜此(ci)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。需(xu)要指出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西省石樓(lou)縣(xian)(xian)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省諸城縣(xian)(xian)亦(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)同(tong)名。）瑯(lang)琊山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣袤地(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)，正(zheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)今巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)所轄區縣(xian)(xian)。明(ming)清時(shi)(shi)期巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)后(hou)裔巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，并(bing)(bing)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名亦(yi)(yi)源(yuan)(yuan)自有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父。這(zhe)種(zhong)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知見諸縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)。（康熙《巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》、雍正(zheng)《巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》）現(xian)代(dai)文(wen)史學(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)亦(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)同(tong)識，“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)華民族(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)先(xian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曾(ceng)經(jing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)”。（龔(gong)衛(wei)國(guo)《民間傳說系列·巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳說》）“據(ju)古(gu)老的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳說，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)筑巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、居(ju)(ju)(ju)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)鄉。那么現(xian)今巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)華民族(zu)(zu)最(zui)早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)了(le)(le)。”（葉尚志(zhi)(zhi)《漫說巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)三(san)上(shang)(shang)將》）專欄(lan)作(zuo)(zuo)家(jia)(jia)瀟水(shui)對有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所創(chuang)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”作(zuo)(zuo)了(le)(le)較為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)深細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分析和(he)(he)研(yan)究(jiu)，并(bing)(bing)在(zai)其(qi)(qi)著作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)給(gei)(gei)與(yu)(yu)了(le)(le)形象描(miao)述和(he)(he)評說：“七八(ba)千(qian)年前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長江兩(liang)(liang)岸，房子也星星火(huo)火(huo)地(di)點綴起來(lai)了(le)(le)。就(jiu)像(xiang)北(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)挖地(di)穴(xue)(xue)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)搭鳥巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)。……棲息(xi)在(zai)木(mu)(mu)樁上(shang)(shang)躲(duo)避(bi)禽獸(shou)(shou)，也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)傳說中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’了(le)(le)。安徽(hui)省有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣(xian)(xian)，據(ju)說是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老家(jia)(jia)。”（《青(qing)銅時(shi)(shi)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蕨類(lei)戰爭》）還有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)說法，如(ru)臺灣學(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)詹招琳先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)說：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、混沌(dun)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)伏羲(xi)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)個帝王。有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)先(xian)都(dou)舞陽，后(hou)遷巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)……。”（《中(zhong)華姓氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)源(yuan)(yuan)共祖(zu)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輩序（昭(zhao)穆(mu)）表·有(you)(you)(you)(you)考(kao)(kao)(kao)證的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)皇五(wu)(wu)帝時(shi)(shi)期》）文(wen)物學(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)湯錦程稱：“最(zui)早(zao)進入安徽(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)族(zu)(zu)……巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全國(guo)五(wu)(wu)大(da)淡水(shui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)提(ti)供了(le)(le)必(bi)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件，所以(yi)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)首選之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)。”（《安徽(hui)湯氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)源(yuan)(yuan)流(liu)考(kao)(kao)(kao)》）雖說遷居(ju)(ju)(ju)，但并(bing)(bing)不否定(ding)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“首創(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)。綜上(shang)(shang)所述，有(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)辟了(le)(le)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)明(ming)史頁，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)開(kai)辟了(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史紀(ji)元。也就(jiu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)文(wen)明(ming)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曙光是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從今巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)升射天穹，再八(ba)方(fang)(fang)輻射而普照天下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。
◎《尚書·仲虺之誥》記：“成湯放(fang)桀于(yu)南巢(chao)。”
◎《呂氏春秋》記(ji)：“湯伐桀(jie)，戰(zhan)于成，登自鳴條(tiao)，乃入巢門。”
◎《國語》韋昭注稱：“南(nan)巢，揚州地，巢伯(bo)之國，今(jin)廬江居(ju)巢是也(ye)。”
◎《淮南(nan)子》記：湯“整(zheng)兵鳴條，困夏南(nan)巢(chao)，譙以(yi)其過，放之歷(li)山(shan)。”
◎《淮南子》高誘注(zhu)稱，“南巢(chao)(chao)”為“今(jin)(jin)廬江居巢(chao)(chao)”，釋(shi)“歷(li)山(shan)(shan)”曰“蓋歷(li)陽之山(shan)(shan)”。南巢(chao)(chao)、巢(chao)(chao)門，皆稱古巢(chao)(chao)國地域，歷(li)山(shan)(shan)在今(jin)(jin)巢(chao)(chao)湖市和(he)縣(xian)，系屬(shu)古巢(chao)(chao)國之境。
◎《荊州(zhou)箴》云：“南(nan)巢茫茫，多楚與荊，風飄以悍(han)，氣銳以剛……。”
◎郭沫若主(zhu)編《中國史稿地圖集》之夏(xia)代地圖將“南巢(chao)”標點于今巢(chao)城城址。
◎《巢(chao)湖(hu)市志(zhi)》記：“夏代，以(yi)地處宗(zong)主國夏王朝的南疆，故又(you)稱‘南巢(chao)’。”
周代商而立(li)，則多次遣師(shi)征討并戰勝了巢(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)，視巢(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)地(di)大勢強不便控制，遂將其地(di)析分為(wei)巢(chao)(chao)、廬(lu)(lu)（廬(lu)(lu)，房屋，與(yu)巢(chao)(chao)同義）二(er)國(guo)(guo)，因賜爵位不同，而分別被稱為(wei)“巢(chao)(chao)伯國(guo)(guo)”、“廬(lu)(lu)子國(guo)(guo)”，廬(lu)(lu)國(guo)(guo)新都(dou)于(yu)今合肥(fei)城城區，巢(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)仍都(dou)于(yu)今巢(chao)(chao)城城區。
史入春(chun)秋(qiu)，巢(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)疆域(yu)先后(hou)遭(zao)遇“群舒(shu)(shu)”（舒(shu)(shu)、舒(shu)(shu)庸、舒(shu)(shu)蓼、舒(shu)(shu)鳩、舒(shu)(shu)龍(long)，在(zai)今舒(shu)(shu)城、廬江一帶）、橐皋（今巢(chao)(chao)湖(hu)市柘皋鎮及肥(fei)東縣東部一帶）等眾小國(guo)(guo)的(de)侵(qin)略(lve)和(he)蠶食。楚(chu)、吳(wu)相(xiang)繼強盛，使得位(wei)處“吳(wu)頭楚(chu)尾”的(de)巢(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)，長期成為(wei)(wei)楚(chu)、吳(wu)二強國(guo)(guo)掠奪對象(xiang)和(he)交兵戰場(chang)，時為(wei)(wei)楚(chu)屬，時為(wei)(wei)吳(wu)屬。歷來注重經濟(ji)建設，睦鄰友朋而(er)忽(hu)略(lve)軍(jun)事的(de)巢(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)，便在(zai)這種軍(jun)國(guo)(guo)主(zhu)義橫行、列強稱霸的(de)惡(e)劣環境中(zhong)漸(jian)次衰微，直到被(bei)吳(wu)（前518年）滅亡。
“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)號(hao)(hao)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)贈予首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣祖(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)號(hao)(hao)，隨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)就(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)了他用(yong)世(shi)(shi)(shi)著(zhu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)號(hao)(hao)。誠(cheng)如(ru)(ru)魯迅所(suo)(suo)(suo)解：“至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)上(shang)(shang)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)實狀(zhuang)，則荒漠不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)考(kao)，君長(chang)(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)，且(qie)難審知，世(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)者，列三(san)(san)才開始(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序，繼以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、伏(fu)羲、神農(nong)(nong)者，明(ming)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)(qun)進(jin)化(hua)(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)程，殆(dai)皆后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)命，非真(zhen)號(hao)(hao)矣！”（《漢(han)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綱要(yao)·自(zi)文(wen)(wen)字(zi)至文(wen)(wen)章》）圣祖(zu)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”功德顯(xian)著(zhu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)位(wei)高(gao)尚，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這個(ge)(ge)(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)號(hao)(hao)就(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他所(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)“原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)(qun)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)名(ming)(ming)(ming)號(hao)(hao)，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)“原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)群(qun)(qun)”所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)那(nei)(nei)(nei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)詞(ci)和(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)詞(ci)。歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)徐(xu)旭(xu)生(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)(dui)此(ci)作(zuo)過研(yan)(yan)究，“就(jiu)(jiu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)能(neng)得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料去研(yan)(yan)討(tao)，我(wo)們(men)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)推斷(duan)神農(nong)(nong)與(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)同(tong)(tong)類，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)想(xiang)家(jia)(jia)從社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)進(jin)步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)想(xiang)出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)示時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)詞(ci)。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)》）國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)大(da)(da)(da)師錢穆從人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)演(yan)進(jin)視角分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)得(de)(de)很有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)道理：“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)，極富(fu)理性，切近事(shi)(shi)實，與(yu)并世(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)它民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)追述古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充滿神話氣(qi)味者大(da)(da)(da)不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)。如(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)，燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)熟食時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)，庖(pao)犧(xi)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)畜牧時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)，神農(nong)(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)耕稼時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)。此(ci)等(deng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)號(hao)(hao)，本非古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)本有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，乃屬(shu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)想(xiang)象(xiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)述，乃與(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)演(yan)進(jin)階段，先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)符(fu)合。此(ci)見我(wo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)民(min)(min)，早于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)演(yan)進(jin)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)清(qing)(qing)明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)觀(guan)點與(yu)合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)想(xiang)法。”（《近人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)懷疑》）“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)。歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)許立(li)群(qun)(qun)在(zai)(zai)1942年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)描(miao)述過中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)狀(zhuang)況，“曾有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)過有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、伏(fu)羲氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、女(nv)媧(wa)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、神農(nong)(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)事(shi)(shi)跡(ji)，首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)先(xian)說(shuo)(shuo)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)……。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)話》）范(fan)文(wen)(wen)瀾著(zhu)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)通史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》將(jiang)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)境(jing)(jing)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”明(ming)確劃分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)。吳國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)楨(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)論及(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)期(qi)與(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)，“在(zai)(zai)對(dui)(dui)所(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)那(nei)(nei)(nei)些名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)進(jin)行一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)番認(ren)真(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)查以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，我(wo)們(men)發(fa)(fa)現剩(sheng)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)值得(de)(de)我(wo)們(men)稍加注意(yi)(yi)。那(nei)(nei)(nei)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，二(er)燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，三(san)(san)庖(pao)犧(xi)或(huo)(huo)伏(fu)羲氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，四(si)神農(nong)(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”（《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統》）歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)們(men)遂(sui)(sui)將(jiang)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”紀(ji)(ji)(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“無(wu)限制”地(di)(di)(di)(di)往(wang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)推進(jin)，直(zhi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)“傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)始(shi)端——地(di)(di)(di)(di)質時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)跨越“更(geng)新(xin)世(shi)(shi)(shi)”早期(qi)和(he)(he)(he)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)學(xue)(xue)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“舊(jiu)石器”早期(qi)，甚至包(bao)括170萬年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)元謀人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)(hou)經歷(li)(li)(li)藍田人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)、和(he)(he)(he)縣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)縣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)……直(zhi)至5萬年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丁(ding)村(cun)(cun)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)，嗣(si)(si)后(hou)(hou)(hou)才進(jin)入“燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”。（歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)張習孔、田玨主(zhu)編《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)事(shi)(shi)編年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)表(biao)(biao)》）首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣祖(zu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)170萬年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)。《古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)三(san)(san)墳》等(deng)文(wen)(wen)獻(xian)載(zai)(zai)(zai)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子(zi)，也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)說(shuo)(shuo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)即可(ke)(ke)能(neng)生(sheng)(sheng)活于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舊(jiu)石器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)，約(yue)與(yu)“丁(ding)村(cun)(cun)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”“柳江人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)或(huo)(huo)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)。燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子(zi)尚待進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)考(kao)證，但(dan)“血(xue)(xue)緣(yuan)群(qun)(qun)婚”社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)形態下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)或(huo)(huo)許有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)群(qun)(qun)子(zi)孫(sun)，且(qie)將(jiang)自(zi)然(ran)地(di)(di)(di)(di)繁(fan)衍(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)形成(cheng)血(xue)(xue)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，形成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)強(qiang)大(da)(da)(da)血(xue)(xue)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)再漸(jian)(jian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)蘗(bo)生(sheng)(sheng)許多支(zhi)系(xi)。馬克思(si)指(zhi)出：“血(xue)(xue)緣(yuan)家(jia)(jia)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)組織形式(shi)”。（《摩爾根〈古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)〉一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)書摘要(yao)》）血(xue)(xue)緣(yuan)家(jia)(jia)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)（血(xue)(xue)緣(yuan)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類從“原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)群(qun)(qun)”轉變到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（血(xue)(xue)緣(yuan)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)公(gong)(gong)社(she)(she)(she)(she)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。生(sheng)(sheng)息并漁(yu)、牧于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)四(si)周(zhou)，或(huo)(huo)水(shui)澤(ze)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旁(pang)，或(huo)(huo)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)野(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)，或(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)林(lin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)孫(sun)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)繁(fan)衍(yan)，必將(jiang)在(zai)(zai)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)形成(cheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)血(xue)(xue)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)核(he)心(xin)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樞及(ji)(ji)(ji)支(zhi)系(xi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)群(qun)(qun)體。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)與(yu)早期(qi)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)華夏(xia)(xia)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)它氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)相(xiang)比，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)先(xian)民(min)(min)最(zui)(zui)(zui)殊異而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)最(zui)(zui)(zui)先(xian)進(jin)最(zui)(zui)(zui)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活特征(zheng)(zheng)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)”，即使那(nei)(nei)(nei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”簡(jian)陋得(de)(de)只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)竹木(mu)構架、茅草結蓬，但(dan)這個(ge)(ge)(ge)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”絕對(dui)(dui)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“家(jia)(jia)”，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)賴以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)存、安(an)(an)(an)居(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)(he)(he)繁(fan)衍(yan)子(zi)孫(sun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“家(jia)(jia)”。巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)這地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)不(bu)(bu)僅首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)且(qie)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)推行最(zui)(zui)(zui)廣(guang)(guang)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)快，由“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)樹(shu)上(shang)(shang)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面，由一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)孤(gu)立(li)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)數巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聚集，直(zhi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)群(qun)(qun)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)連(lian)片(pian)，形成(cheng)村(cun)(cun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)和(he)(he)(he)城(cheng)(cheng)邑(yi)(yi)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)總首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)即“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)(ju)(ju)所(suo)(suo)(suo)無(wu)疑是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)較大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)群(qun)(qun)”，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)規模有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)多大(da)(da)(da)，史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)料無(wu)考(kao)。《論語·公(gong)(gong)冶長(chang)(chang)》有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“十(shi)室之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邑(yi)(yi)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)(shuo)，“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父”居(ju)(ju)(ju)所(suo)(suo)(suo)自(zi)然(ran)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)少于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)10室之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數，完全(quan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)理直(zhi)氣(qi)壯地(di)(di)(di)(di)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“邑(yi)(yi)”——巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)邑(yi)(yi)。考(kao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)在(zai)(zai)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)域(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)區(qu)(qu)位(wei)——今(jin)(jin)(jin)含(han)山(shan)(shan)縣凌家(jia)(jia)灘所(suo)(suo)(suo)發(fa)(fa)現5300年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)村(cun)(cun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（城(cheng)(cheng)邑(yi)(yi)），無(wu)疑是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)那(nei)(nei)(nei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)聚集地(di)(di)(di)(di)即部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)(ju)(ju)住地(di)(di)(di)(di)。關(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繁(fan)衍(yan)與(yu)續延，史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)書多有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)(zai)，說(shuo)(shuo)法略見差(cha)異。《通志(zhi)(zhi)·三(san)(san)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)》稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)百余代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，民(min)(min)知巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)，未知熟食”。《佛祖(zu)歷(li)(li)(li)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)通載(zai)(zai)(zai)》稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，百代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，不(bu)(bu)記(ji)(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。”《三(san)(san)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)五氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)百余代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”。《太平(ping)御覽(lan)》“皇(huang)(huang)(huang)王(wang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)三(san)(san)·有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”條下(xia)(xia)引《遁甲(jia)開山(shan)(shan)圖》注：“王(wang)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)百有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，未詳年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)也(ye)(ye)。”《博物(wu)志(zhi)(zhi)》記(ji)(ji)述得(de)(de)更(geng)加詳細(xi)：“昔(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)亂(luan)臣(chen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)貴，任之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，假(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)權，專國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)斷(duan)，已(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)奪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。臣(chen)怒而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)變，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亡。”值得(de)(de)注意(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《春秋(qiu)緯命歷(li)(li)(li)序》其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)八《因提紀(ji)(ji)(ji)》、其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)九(jiu)《禪通紀(ji)(ji)(ji)》兩紀(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)見記(ji)(ji)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”，事(shi)(shi)功不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，并見“傳(chuan)二(er)世(shi)(shi)(shi)”與(yu)“傳(chuan)七(qi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)。同(tong)(tong)樣，《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)表(biao)(biao)·盤古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)王(wang)表(biao)(biao)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)《重(zhong)(zhong)鑄煙火(huo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)》（約(yue)前(qian)(qian)(qian)5770～4070年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第(di)(di)6氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”（共(gong)2代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)）；其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)《躍(yue)起中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)》（約(yue)前(qian)(qian)(qian)3150～2230年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第(di)(di)4氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”（共(gong)7代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)）。清(qing)(qing)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)學(xue)(xue)者梁(liang)履繩(sheng)考(kao)說(shuo)(shuo)“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)兩有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)、燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)前(qian)(qian)(qian)，亦(yi)謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)‘大(da)(da)(da)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’，治(zhi)石樓山(shan)(shan)，在(zai)(zai)位(wei)三(san)(san)百年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)……一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)昊(hao)英(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，《六韜》、《世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)》所(suo)(suo)(suo)敘者是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。”其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)梁(liang)玉(yu)繩(sheng)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，“后(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)必上(shang)(shang)世(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)裔，遷徙(xi)異處(chu)，降居(ju)(ju)(ju)諸(zhu)侯，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太吳臣(chen)，似不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)末代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)任亂(luan)臣(chen)擅國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)亡。”（《〈史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)記(ji)(ji)〉〈漢(han)書〉諸(zhu)表(biao)(biao)訂(ding)補十(shi)種》）漫長(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遠(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)自(zi)各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)業績和(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)身(shen)份(fen)，也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)往(wang)往(wang)留下(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)名(ming)(ming)(ming)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)事(shi)(shi)跡(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了區(qu)(qu)別(bie)，或(huo)(huo)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣祖(zu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“大(da)(da)(da)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”，或(huo)(huo)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)嗣(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”。在(zai)(zai)歷(li)(li)(li)經燧(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、伏(fu)羲氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（女(nv)媧(wa)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)）之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)進(jin)入神農(nong)(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、軒(xuan)轅氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)堯、舜時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)位(wei)漸(jian)(jian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)屈(qu)低，興盛(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)聯(lian)(lian)盟(meng)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)被(bei)尊(zun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“九(jiu)州(zhou)長(chang)(chang)”，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)則被(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)父”，并臣(chen)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)先(xian)民(min)(min)們(men)茹毛飲血(xue)(xue)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)接一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)艱苦奮斗(dou)，最(zui)(zui)(zui)早開發(fa)(fa)治(zhi)理巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)，漁(yu)、牧、農(nong)(nong)、商(shang)(shang)諸(zhu)業。這里地(di)(di)(di)(di)沃物(wu)豐(feng)，吸引著(zhu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)它氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（如(ru)(ru)皋(gao)(gao)陶(tao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)偃姓(xing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)）從東方(fang)(fang)、北(bei)方(fang)(fang)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)徙(xi)入，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)土著(zhu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)熱情(qing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)迎納(na)外族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)并讓出巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)西(xi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)廣(guang)(guang)闊地(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)（今(jin)(jin)(jin)六安(an)(an)(an)市(shi)(shi)(shi)六安(an)(an)(an)縣、舒城(cheng)(cheng)縣一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)）許以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)居(ju)(ju)(ju)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)便(bian)漸(jian)(jian)漸(jian)(jian)形成(cheng)了以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)聯(lian)(lian)盟(meng)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)疆域(yu)(yu)(yu)廣(guang)(guang)袤，大(da)(da)(da)約(yue)包(bao)括今(jin)(jin)(jin)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)（1區(qu)(qu)4縣）、合肥市(shi)(shi)(shi)（城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)3縣）、六安(an)(an)(an)市(shi)(shi)(shi)（市(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)六安(an)(an)(an)、壽縣、舒城(cheng)(cheng)、霍山(shan)(shan)等(deng)縣）和(he)(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)慶市(shi)(shi)(shi)（桐城(cheng)(cheng)、樅陽等(deng)縣）、滁州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)（市(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)、全(quan)椒(jiao)、來(lai)安(an)(an)(an)等(deng)縣）南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)京市(shi)(shi)(shi)江北(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)在(zai)(zai)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)圓幾(ji)千(qian)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)野(ye)、水(shui)澤(ze)、山(shan)(shan)林(lin)。夏(xia)(xia)禹入巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)治(zhi)水(shui)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)盟(meng)友(you)皋(gao)(gao)陶(tao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)與(yu)華夏(xia)(xia)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)結成(cheng)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)聯(lian)(lian)盟(meng)，皋(gao)(gao)陶(tao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)偃攸嫁(jia)給夏(xia)(xia)禹，并生(sheng)(sheng)下(xia)(xia)啟，這使有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)盟(meng)友(you)皋(gao)(gao)陶(tao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)位(wei)獲得(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)提升，遂(sui)(sui)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)起各(ge)自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)方(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，皋(gao)(gao)陶(tao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)偃姓(xing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)涂山(shan)(shan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)今(jin)(jin)(jin)懷遠(yuan)縣境(jing)(jing)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)（簡(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”）則仍舊(jiu)都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)今(jin)(jin)(jin)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)城(cheng)(cheng)（郭沫若主(zhu)編《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)稿地(di)(di)(di)(di)圖集》）。誠(cheng)如(ru)(ru)《安(an)(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)(hui)省(sheng)志(zhi)(zhi)·建(jian)(jian)(jian)置沿(yan)革(ge)志(zhi)(zhi)》所(suo)(suo)(suo)解，“古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)源(yuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)方(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。”《百家(jia)(jia)姓(xing)詳解》云：“禹帝(di)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曾封有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)（今(jin)(jin)(jin)安(an)(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)(hui)境(jing)(jing)內）。在(zai)(zai)夏(xia)(xia)、商(shang)(shang)、周(zhou)三(san)(san)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)世(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)諸(zhu)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，春秋(qiu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)，楚(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)滅(mie)掉巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)公(gong)(gong)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)便(bian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)名(ming)(ming)(ming)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”夏(xia)(xia)朝(chao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)從屬(shu)，但(dan)因夏(xia)(xia)、巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)先(xian)輩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊關(guan)系(xi)，故在(zai)(zai)政治(zhi)經濟上(shang)(shang)都(dou)獲得(de)(de)超(chao)出一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般小國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)優惠(hui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)獨立(li)性，賜伯(bo)爵而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)伯(bo)”。因位(wei)處(chu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)被(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”“南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”，簡(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”。“夏(xia)(xia)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)宗主(zhu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)夏(xia)(xia)王(wang)朝(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)疆，故又(you)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)‘南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’。”（《巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》）“‘南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)得(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)，實則來(lai)源(yuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)。‘南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’最(zui)(zui)(zui)初(chu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)。《古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)本竹書紀(ji)(ji)(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)》云：‘夏(xia)(xia)桀逃南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。’這個(ge)(ge)(ge)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)安(an)(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)(hui)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)北(bei)岸，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)卑濕湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)特色的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夏(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)盟(meng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。……其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)統治(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)初(chu)期(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)淮南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)、江北(bei)及(ji)(ji)(ji)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)。因巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)地(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)廣(guang)(guang)大(da)(da)(da)，‘南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)就(jiu)(jiu)由最(zui)(zui)(zui)初(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)，擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)指(zhi)荊楚(chu)江淮。”（譚(tan)繼和(he)(he)(he)《論古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)巴蜀(shu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)淵源(yuan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)》）值得(de)(de)注意(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夏(xia)(xia)桀被(bei)成(cheng)湯戰(zhan)敗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)直(zhi)奔南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尋求救護與(yu)避難。“湯伐桀，戰(zhan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)成(cheng)，登(deng)自(zi)鳴(ming)條，乃入巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)門(men)。”（《呂氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)春秋(qiu)》）“成(cheng)湯放(fang)桀于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)。”（《尚書·仲虺(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誥》）“（湯）整(zheng)兵鳴(ming)條，困(kun)夏(xia)(xia)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)，譙以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)過，放(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歷(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)。”（《淮南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)》）南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)果(guo)然(ran)保護、接納(na)并安(an)(an)(an)置夏(xia)(xia)桀且(qie)與(yu)成(cheng)湯協議，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)雖為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)附屬(shu)，然(ran)分(fen)(fen)(fen)疆而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)治(zhi)，和(he)(he)(he)平(ping)共(gong)處(chu)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)商(shang)(shang)500年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)，商(shang)(shang)王(wang)朝(chao)除武丁(ding)曾對(dui)(dui)虎方(fang)(fang)（今(jin)(jin)(jin)壽縣、長(chang)(chang)豐(feng)縣一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)）用(yong)兵外，江淮地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)幾(ji)無(wu)戰(zhan)事(shi)(shi)，各(ge)方(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)持續穩定(ding)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)存發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)著(zhu)。（《安(an)(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)(hui)省(sheng)志(zhi)(zhi)·建(jian)(jian)(jian)置沿(yan)革(ge)志(zhi)(zhi)》）周(zhou)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)商(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)立(li)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，九(jiu)州(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)千(qian)余個(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)均先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)歸(gui)順過去。抑或(huo)(huo)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)（及(ji)(ji)(ji)六、英(ying)諸(zhu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)）世(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)素與(yu)商(shang)(shang)友(you)睦，周(zhou)王(wang)朝(chao)介意(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)多次(ci)(ci)(ci)遣師征(zheng)(zheng)討(tao)。“周(zhou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)出土甲(jia)骨(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)‘征(zheng)(zheng)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)’記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)(zai)，《西(xi)清(qing)(qing)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鑒》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)兩件青銅器記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)(zai)周(zhou)對(dui)(dui)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)兵。”（《安(an)(an)(an)徽(hui)(hui)(hui)大(da)(da)(da)辭(ci)典》）巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)表(biao)(biao)示臣(chen)服，然(ran)周(zhou)武王(wang)姬發(fa)(fa)視巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)勢強(qiang)，遂(sui)(sui)將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)析(xi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、廬(lu)(lu)二(er)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資深(shen)，繼賜伯(bo)爵，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)伯(bo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”，廬(lu)(lu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)賜子(zi)爵，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“廬(lu)(lu)子(zi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”。春秋(qiu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)至中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)始(shi)終是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)湖(hu)(hu)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)諸(zhu)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)《左傳(chuan)》，15次(ci)(ci)(ci)見“巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)肥物(wu)豐(feng)，位(wei)處(chu)“吳頭楚(chu)尾”，故長(chang)(chang)期(qi)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)楚(chu)、吳掠奪對(dui)(dui)象(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)交兵戰(zhan)場，巢(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)漸(jian)(jian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)衰(shuai)微，時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)楚(chu)屬(shu)，時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)吳屬(shu)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)518年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，被(bei)吳滅(mie)亡。
記載
◎《中(zhong)華大字典》稱(cheng)：“巢(chao)：國名。《書序》：巢(chao)伯來(lai)朝。”
◎《巢(chao)湖市志》記：“西周(zhou)加封這個夏、商的遺留(liu)方(fang)國為(wei)(wei)伯爵。巢(chao)伯在周(zhou)武王時進(jin)京朝覲，芮伯還為(wei)(wei)此(ci)作了(le)一篇《旅巢(chao)命(ming)》。西周(zhou)銅器(qi)《班(ban)簋》銘文中有‘秉、繁(fan)、蜀(shu)、巢(chao)’4個國名，其中的‘巢(chao)’字就是巢(chao)伯國。”
◎公元前(qian)615年(nian)，楚國伐巢國，《春秋·文公十二年(nian)》云(yun)：“夏(xia)，楚人圍巢。”杜預注：“巢，吳楚間小國。廬江六縣(xian)東(dong)有(you)居巢城。”
◎前584年，《左傳》云：“吳(wu)始伐楚伐巢(chao)”。
◎前518年，吳國滅巢國，《左傳·昭公二(er)十四年》云：“吳人踵楚，而(er)邊人不備，遂滅巢及鐘(zhong)離而(er)還。”
按:今巢(chao)湖(hu)市域為(wei)古(gu)巢(chao)國之地(di)，本為(wei)有(you)巢(chao)氏生息地(di)和(he)有(you)巢(chao)氏氏族部落所(suo)轄地(di)。因此，這里有(you)關(guan)地(di)域名稱、山水名稱和(he)政(zheng)區名稱都往往取用“巢(chao)”字。誠如《安(an)徽(hui)省志·建置沿革志》所(suo)說(shuo)：“除(chu)僑(qiao)置外，凡(fan)帶‘巢(chao)’字的政(zheng)區命(ming)名都與古(gu)巢(chao)國有(you)關(guan)。因此，可以說(shuo)，巢(chao)湖(hu)及(ji)帶‘巢(chao)’字的政(zheng)區名稱均(jun)源于古(gu)巢(chao)國。古(gu)巢(chao)國源于有(you)巢(chao)氏所(suo)建方國。”
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