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《投(tou)筆(bi)記》，最早是(shi)(shi)明朝(chao)著(zhu)錄的(de)傳奇劇本，作者尚不明確。從其他文獻(xian)看來(lai)，明朝(chao)昆劇也(ye)有同(tong)名(ming)劇本。另外湖南省戲(xi)曲工(gong)作室也(ye)有同(tong)名(ming)湘劇高(gao)腔劇本。劇本情節都是(shi)(shi)描寫東漢班固投(tou)筆(bi)從戎的(de)故事(shi)。

傳奇(qi)劇(ju)本(ben)，明(ming)祁彪佳《遠山堂(tang)(tang)曲(qu)品》著錄為華(hua)山居士作，清(qing)無名氏(shi)《古人(ren)傳奇(qi)總(zong)目》著錄為明(ming)人(ren)丘濬作，恐非。現存明(ming)萬(wan)歷(li)三(san)十八(ba)年三(san)槐堂(tang)(tang)本(ben)，題《新(xin)(xin)鐫徽版音釋評(ping)林全像班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)超投(tou)筆(bi)記(ji)》，以及明(ming)萬(wan)歷(li)存誠堂(tang)(tang)本(ben)，題《新(xin)(xin)刻魏仲雪先(xian)生批評(ping)投(tou)筆(bi)記(ji)》，三(san)十八(ba)出，《古本(ben)戲曲(qu)叢刊》初集據之(zhi)(zhi)影印(yin)。劇(ju)作取材于《后漢(han)書(shu)》的《班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)超傳》和《班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)昭傳》，劇(ju)譜(pu)東漢(han)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)超文(wen)武全才，在任尚幕下任職，受(shou)任府(fu)家(jia)院(yuan)侮辱(ru)，憤(fen)而投(tou)筆(bi)從戎。時竇固(gu)元帥(shuai)欲通西(xi)域(yu)、伐匈(xiong)奴(nu)，招募天(tian)下豪杰；班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)投(tou)竇，竇認為班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)可以“仗絕域(yu)立邊功(gong)，清(qing)海寧靖羌戎”，任班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)為司馬(ma)，出使(shi)西(xi)域(yu)至鄯善(shan)國。班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在鄯善(shan)國備受(shou)厚待，漢(han)使(shi)李邑(yi)嫉班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)才，誣(wu)陷之(zhi)(zhi)；漢(han)武帝受(shou)騙(pian)抄班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)家(jia)，逮班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)母、班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)妻下獄。后班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)超破北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)軍(jun)，斬(zhan)北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)王(wang)首級獻(xian)鄯善(shan)國王(wang)，鄯善(shan)國王(wang)因之(zhi)(zhi)臣服于漢(han)。班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)派人(ren)帶(dai)書(shu)信回(hui)漢(han)，被誣(wu)陷一(yi)事真相大白，封為定遠侯(hou)，班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)師回(hui)朝，合家(jia)團圓。劇(ju)作寫(xie)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)超投(tou)筆(bi)從戎，立大功(gong)于異(yi)域(yu)的同時，也寫(xie)了班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)妻鄧二娘在家(jia)歷(li)盡艱(jian)辛力行孝道的事跡。明(ming)呂(lv)天(tian)成(cheng)《曲(qu)品》評(ping)此劇(ju)說(shuo)：“詞平(ping)常，音不葉，俱以事佳而傳耳”。但祁彪佳《遠山堂(tang)(tang)曲(qu)品》評(ping)云(yun)：“詞雖平(ping)實，局亦(yi)正大。投(tou)筆(bi)出關處(chu)，想見(jian)古人(ren)慷慨之(zhi)(zhi)概。‘無語依南樓(lou)’一(yi)曲(qu)，歌者盛(sheng)習之(zhi)(zhi)。”