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永靖縣吧咪山景區怎么樣

吧咪(mi)山位于甘肅省(sheng)中部，地處臨夏回族自治州所(suo)屬(shu)永靖、東(dong)鄉族自治縣(xian)(xian)和(he)定西(xi)地區(qu)所(suo)屬(shu)臨洮(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)交(jiao)(jiao)界處，主(zhu)峰在今永靖縣(xian)(xian)三(san)(san)條(tiao)峴(xian)鄉塔什堡(bao)境(jing)內(nei)。洮(tao)(tao)河(he)由(you)唐汪川入(ru)(ru)茅隴峽(xia)(xia)，繞吧咪(mi)山南(nan)(nan)麓西(xi)行，在茅隴峽(xia)(xia)口的鸚(ying)鴿嘴(zui)匯入(ru)(ru)黃河(he)，入(ru)(ru)劉(liu)家(jia)峽(xia)(xia)水庫。吧咪(mi)山與(yu)(yu)洮(tao)(tao)河(he)形(xing)成(cheng)山環水繞之勢。吧咪(mi)山正處于兩河(he)匯流(liu)、雙峽(xia)(xia)交(jiao)(jiao)峙的三(san)(san)角(jiao)地帶(dai)。吧咪(mi)山區(qu)域南(nan)(nan)瀕洮(tao)(tao)河(he)與(yu)(yu)東(dong)鄉族自治縣(xian)(xian)唐汪、董嶺(ling)鄉隔水相望；北至(zhi)前霧宿山柳(liu)木夾峴(xian)(海拔2500米(mi))為(wei)界與(yu)(yu)本縣(xian)(xian)陳井(jing)鎮(zhen)張家(jia)溝村(cun)、年家(jia)灣村(cun)、陳井(jing)村(cun)為(wei)鄰(lin)；東(dong)至(zhi)格水嶺(ling)(又名官(guan)水嶺(ling))、八面臺與(yu)(yu)徐頂鄉久(jiu)長溝村(cun)和(he)臨洮(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)紅(hong)旗鄉扎馬(ma)圈(quan)村(cun)接(jie)壤；西(xi)依荀子(zi)(zi)溝嶺(ling)、深峴(xian)子(zi)(zi)、大(da)峴(xian)子(zi)(zi)與(yu)(yu)劉(liu)家(jia)峽(xia)(xia)鎮(zhen)紅(hong)柳(liu)村(cun)和(he)三(san)(san)條(tiao)峴(xian)鄉紅(hong)峴(xian)子(zi)(zi)村(cun)、三(san)(san)條(tiao)峴(xian)村(cun)相毗鄰(lin)。區(qu)域南(nan)(nan)北長約14公(gong)里(li)(li)，東(dong)西(xi)寬約11公(gong)里(li)(li)，總(zong)土(tu)地面積(ji)為(wei)84.36平方(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)。另外，加上吧咪(mi)山東(dong)延余脈臨洮(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)地約2平方(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)，構成(cheng)較為(wei)完整的吧咪(mi)山景區(qu)全貌，總(zong)面積(ji)86.36平方(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)。

景點景觀

吧咪山(shan)(shan)內有(you)金花菩薩大殿(dian),前殿(dian)、水晶宮(gong)、山(shan)(shan)神廟、土地廟、百子宮(gong)、龍(long)王(wang)宮(gong)、灶(zao)王(wang)殿(dian)、鐘樓(lou)、鼓樓(lou)等(deng)古典建筑群(qun),亭臺樓(lou)閣,金碧(bi)輝(hui)煌。吧咪山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)巒起(qi)伏,奇峰競秀,怪石嶂峋,峭巖(yan)絕壁,似(si)物象形(xing)者枚不勝數(shu)，還有(you)洶(xiong)涌(yong)澎湃的洮(tao)河(he)水一(yi)瀉千里，形(xing)成了獨(du)特的自然景觀。

地理環境

地理位置

吧(ba)(ba)咪山(shan)(shan)(shan)位于(yu)甘肅省中部，地(di)處(chu)臨(lin)夏回(hui)族自治州所屬永(yong)靖(jing)、東鄉族自治縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和定西(xi)地(di)區所屬臨(lin)洮縣(xian)(xian)(xian)交界(jie)處(chu)，主峰在(zai)今永(yong)靖(jing)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)三條(tiao)(tiao)峴鄉塔什堡境內。另外，加上吧(ba)(ba)咪山(shan)(shan)(shan)東延余脈臨(lin)洮縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境地(di)約2平方公里(li)(li)，構成較為完(wan)整的吧(ba)(ba)咪山(shan)(shan)(shan)景區全貌，總面積(ji)86.36平方公里(li)(li)。地(di)理坐標介于(yu)東經(jing)(jing)103°25′～103°30 ′，北緯35°53 ′～36°01′之間，主峰海拔(ba)2660.4米。吧(ba)(ba)咪山(shan)(shan)(shan)主峰西(xi)距永(yong)靖(jing)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城劉家(jia)峽鎮(zhen)12公里(li)(li)，至臨(lin)夏州府91公里(li)(li)；赴(fu)省會蘭州有兩(liang)條(tiao)(tiao)道路：一條(tiao)(tiao)經(jing)(jing)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城達蘭州85公里(li)(li)，另一條(tiao)(tiao)由沿東北林區三級(ji)道路接309、213線國道達蘭州45公里(li)(li)。

地質地貌

吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)由(you)古老的(de)(de)(de)前震旦系(xi)變質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巖(yan)和早(zao)古生(sheng)代(dai)侵入的(de)(de)(de)加里東期(qi)花(hua)崗巖(yan)所組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。前者(zhe)分(fen)布在(zai)洮河(he)(he)(he)口(kou)茅(mao)隴峽兩岸(an)，并延伸到(dao)(dao)劉(liu)家峽及(ji)其水庫大壩一(yi)帶；后(hou)者(zhe)分(fen)布在(zai)青和下(xia)溝(gou)口(kou)——吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂——房子溝(gou)一(yi)帶，成(cheng)(cheng)為吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)主體。由(you)于祁連山(shan)(shan)(shan)長期(qi)處于隆起狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態，歷經古生(sheng)代(dai)風化(hua)剝蝕(shi)；中生(sheng)代(dai)后(hou)，又(you)受到(dao)(dao)燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)運動的(de)(de)(de)影響，吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)及(ji)其周圍廣大地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)斷陷盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，在(zai)盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)內形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)巨厚的(de)(de)(de)中新(xin)生(sheng)代(dai)內陸紅色(se)湖盆(pen)(pen)沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)。吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)北麓(lu)的(de)(de)(de)青和盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)中所沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)就是中生(sheng)代(dai)白堊(e)系(xi)紫紅色(se)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層，西邊的(de)(de)(de)紅峴子及(ji)黃(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)(he)兩岸(an)沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)是新(xin)第(di)三(san)系(xi)橘紅色(se)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層。由(you)于當時氣候炎熱干燥，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)域(yu)內嚴重干旱缺(que)水。進入新(xin)生(sheng)代(dai)后(hou)，到(dao)(dao)上新(xin)世隴山(shan)(shan)(shan)運動強烈(lie)上升，同時伴生(sheng)汾河(he)(he)(he)期(qi)侵蝕(shi)，使盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)均(jun)遭到(dao)(dao)切(qie)割，區(qu)域(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)復(fu)雜化(hua)，成(cheng)(cheng)為第(di)四(si)紀(ji)沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)各(ge)種各(ge)樣停積(ji)(ji)(ji)場，沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)了(le)河(he)(he)(he)谷(gu)及(ji)溝(gou)谷(gu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶的(de)(de)(de)礫石(shi)(shi)(shi)層和丘陵(ling)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)風成(cheng)(cheng)離石(shi)(shi)(shi)黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(老黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(tu)(tu))，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)中更(geng)新(xin)世的(de)(de)(de)沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)。特別是到(dao)(dao)了(le)第(di)四(si)紀(ji)晚更(geng)新(xin)世迎來了(le)風成(cheng)(cheng)馬蘭黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(新(xin)黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(tu)(tu))，廣泛覆蓋于原有地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層之(zhi)上，便構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)高原梁峁(mao)、丘陵(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)等現狀(zhuang)(zhuang)。吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)，由(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和山(shan)(shan)(shan)間盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)兩部分(fen)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。南(nan)北高，中間低(di)，東西地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)相對(dui)高。最(zui)底處為洮河(he)(he)(he)岸(an)邊，海拔(ba)為1719米(mi)；最(zui)高處為吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂，海拔(ba)2660.4米(mi)。吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)與(yu)前霧宿山(shan)(shan)(shan)南(nan)北對(dui)峙(zhi)，相距10余公里。中間為青和盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，海拔(ba)高度在(zai)1900---,2400米(mi)之(zhi)間。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)類(lei)(lei)型可劃分(fen)為石(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中高山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵(ling)、黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)梁峁(mao)溝(gou)谷(gu)和河(he)(he)(he)流灘地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)種類(lei)(lei)型。

氣候特征

吧咪山區域范圍內(nei)(nei)屬溫帶半干旱(han)(han)季(ji)風氣候，地處內(nei)(nei)陸，帶有(you)大(da)陸性氣候明顯特征。春季(ji)干旱(han)(han)多風，冬季(ji)寒冷(leng)少雪‘。溫度適(shi)中，晝夜溫差大(da)。降水量(liang)少，多集中在(zai)夏秋(qiu)兩(liang)季(ji)；雨熱同季(ji)，．蒸發量(liang)大(da)，常有(you)干旱(han)(han)發生。日照充足，無霜期(qi)短(duan)。

吧咪山的傳說

傳說，在(zai)明洪武二(er)十二(er)年(nian)(nian)，蘭州(zhou)井兒(er)街(jie)有個(ge)姑(gu)娘名叫(jiao)金(jin)花，她(ta)端莊聰(cong)慧，四歲的(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)就開始捻麻紡線，到(dao)了(le)該(gai)婚嫁的(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)紀，父(fu)母(mu)把她(ta)許配給(gei)一(yi)個(ge)富豪人家的(de)(de)子(zi)弟(di)，金(jin)花執意(yi)不去，為(wei)逃避“父(fu)母(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)命，媒妁(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)言”，臨出嫁前，她(ta)獨自走出家門(men)，手拿(na)了(le)根燒飯的(de)(de)火(huo)棍(gun)，跑(pao)到(dao)了(le)吧咪山(shan)(shan)，喘息之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)，便將火(huo)棍(gun)插于石縫間(jian)(jian)，自己在(zai)一(yi)個(ge)山(shan)(shan)洞里絕食靜坐，念(nian)念(nian)發誓永不嫁人，一(yi)心修行，達到(dao)成佛(fo)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。金(jin)花反(fan)對包辦婚姻的(de)(de)精(jing)神感(gan)動(dong)了(le)山(shan)(shan)神土地(di)，頓時(shi)火(huo)棍(gun)在(zai)瞬間(jian)(jian)生枝吐(tu)葉，變(bian)成一(yi)棵(ke)郁郁蔥蔥的(de)(de)大松樹，這棵(ke)古樹被人們(men)(men)稱之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)“神樹”，這個(ge)地(di)方因此也被叫(jiao)做神樹峴。此后，人們(men)(men)為(wei)金(jin)花蓋廟塑像。每(mei)逢農歷(li)三月(yue)初三、四月(yue)初八、七(qi)月(yue)初七(qi)、九月(yue)初九舉行盛(sheng)大的(de)(de)民間(jian)(jian)善會，遠近的(de)(de)善男信女(nv)就會從水旱(han)兩路云集而(er)來(lai)，頂(ding)禮(li)膜拜。

史料記載

吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)原名(ming)黑山(shan)。其(qi)來歷有(you)三種說(shuo)法：《甘肅古跡名(ming)勝(sheng)辭典》載：“傳說(shuo)清光緒(xu)年間(jian)，大旱(han)饑饉，滿(man)山(shan)忽(hu)生吧(ba)(ba)(ba)糜(mi)，味(wei)美(mei)能食”。百姓賴以(yi)度過了荒(huang)年，故稱(cheng)“吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)寶山(shan)"。《黃河三峽(xia)移民志》記述(shu)，除有(you)此(ci)說(shuo)外(wai)，另有(you)一(yi)說(shuo)：此(ci)地(di)為(wei)道教圣地(di)，常常誦讀“嘛呢吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)畔(pan)”而得名(ming)。除上述(shu)兩種說(shuo)法外(wai)，尚(shang)有(you)子實先生撰《南北三蓮(lian)花(hua)》認為(wei)，“吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)”為(wei)梵(fan)語，意為(wei)“蓮(lian)花(hua)”，比喻(yu)心如蓮(lian)花(hua)一(yi)樣純潔無瑕(xia)，或其(qi)山(shan)狀如蓮(lian)花(hua)也(ye)。