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永靖縣吧咪山景區怎么樣

吧(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)位于甘肅(su)省中部，地(di)處(chu)臨(lin)夏(xia)回族(zu)自治州所屬(shu)永(yong)靖、東(dong)鄉(xiang)(xiang)族(zu)自治縣(xian)(xian)和定西(xi)地(di)區所屬(shu)臨(lin)洮(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)交界處(chu)，主峰在(zai)今永(yong)靖縣(xian)(xian)三(san)條峴鄉(xiang)(xiang)塔什堡(bao)境(jing)內(nei)。洮(tao)(tao)河(he)由唐汪川入茅隴峽(xia)，繞吧(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)南(nan)麓(lu)西(xi)行，在(zai)茅隴峽(xia)口(kou)的鸚(ying)鴿嘴匯入黃河(he)，入劉家(jia)峽(xia)水庫。吧(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)與洮(tao)(tao)河(he)形成山(shan)(shan)環水繞之勢。吧(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)正處(chu)于兩河(he)匯流、雙峽(xia)交峙的三(san)角(jiao)地(di)帶。吧(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)區域(yu)南(nan)瀕洮(tao)(tao)河(he)與東(dong)鄉(xiang)(xiang)族(zu)自治縣(xian)(xian)唐汪、董嶺鄉(xiang)(xiang)隔水相望；北(bei)至(zhi)前霧宿山(shan)(shan)柳木(mu)夾峴(海拔2500米)為界與本縣(xian)(xian)陳(chen)井鎮(zhen)張家(jia)溝(gou)(gou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、年家(jia)灣村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、陳(chen)井村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)為鄰；東(dong)至(zhi)格水嶺(又名官(guan)水嶺)、八面臺與徐(xu)頂鄉(xiang)(xiang)久長溝(gou)(gou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和臨(lin)洮(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)紅旗(qi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)扎(zha)馬圈(quan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)接壤；西(xi)依荀子溝(gou)(gou)嶺、深峴子、大峴子與劉家(jia)峽(xia)鎮(zhen)紅柳村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和三(san)條峴鄉(xiang)(xiang)紅峴子村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、三(san)條峴村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)相毗鄰。區域(yu)南(nan)北(bei)長約(yue)14公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，東(dong)西(xi)寬約(yue)11公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，總土地(di)面積(ji)為84.36平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。另外，加上吧(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)延(yan)余脈臨(lin)洮(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)地(di)約(yue)2平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，構(gou)成較為完整的吧(ba)咪(mi)山(shan)(shan)景區全(quan)貌，總面積(ji)86.36平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。

景點景觀

吧咪山(shan)(shan)(shan)內有(you)金花(hua)菩(pu)薩大殿,前殿、水晶宮、山(shan)(shan)(shan)神廟(miao)、土地廟(miao)、百子宮、龍王宮、灶王殿、鐘樓、鼓樓等古典建筑群,亭臺樓閣,金碧輝煌。吧咪山(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起伏,奇峰競秀,怪石嶂峋,峭巖絕壁,似(si)物象形(xing)者枚不勝數，還有(you)洶(xiong)涌澎湃(pai)的(de)(de)洮河(he)水一瀉千里，形(xing)成了獨(du)特的(de)(de)自(zi)然(ran)景觀。

地理環境

地理位置

吧咪(mi)山位于甘肅省中部，地(di)(di)處(chu)(chu)臨(lin)(lin)夏回族自治州所屬永(yong)靖、東鄉(xiang)族自治縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和定西地(di)(di)區所屬臨(lin)(lin)洮縣(xian)(xian)(xian)交界處(chu)(chu)，主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)在(zai)今永(yong)靖縣(xian)(xian)(xian)三(san)(san)條(tiao)峴鄉(xiang)塔什堡境內。另外(wai)，加(jia)上吧咪(mi)山東延余脈(mo)臨(lin)(lin)洮縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境地(di)(di)約2平(ping)方公(gong)里(li)(li)，構(gou)成較為完整的吧咪(mi)山景區全貌，總面積(ji)86.36平(ping)方公(gong)里(li)(li)。地(di)(di)理坐標(biao)介于東經103°25′～103°30 ′，北緯35°53 ′～36°01′之(zhi)間(jian)，主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)海(hai)拔2660.4米。吧咪(mi)山主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)西距永(yong)靖縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)劉家峽鎮(zhen)12公(gong)里(li)(li)，至(zhi)臨(lin)(lin)夏州府91公(gong)里(li)(li)；赴省會蘭(lan)州有(you)兩條(tiao)道(dao)路：一條(tiao)經縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)達蘭(lan)州85公(gong)里(li)(li)，另一條(tiao)由沿(yan)東北林(lin)區三(san)(san)級(ji)道(dao)路接309、213線國道(dao)達蘭(lan)州45公(gong)里(li)(li)。

地質地貌

吧咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)石質(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)由(you)(you)古老的(de)(de)(de)(de)前震旦系變質(zhi)巖和(he)早(zao)古生(sheng)代(dai)侵入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加里東期花崗巖所組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。前者分布(bu)在(zai)洮河(he)口茅隴峽兩(liang)岸，并延(yan)伸到(dao)劉家峽及其水(shui)(shui)庫大壩(ba)一帶(dai)(dai)；后(hou)者分布(bu)在(zai)青和(he)下(xia)溝(gou)口——吧咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)(ding)——房子(zi)溝(gou)一帶(dai)(dai)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)吧咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體。由(you)(you)于(yu)祁連山(shan)(shan)(shan)長(chang)期處于(yu)隆起狀態，歷經古生(sheng)代(dai)風(feng)(feng)化(hua)剝蝕(shi)；中生(sheng)代(dai)后(hou)，又(you)受到(dao)燕(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)運動的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，吧咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)及其周圍廣大地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)斷陷盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，在(zai)盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)內形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)巨(ju)厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中新(xin)(xin)生(sheng)代(dai)內陸紅(hong)(hong)色(se)湖(hu)盆(pen)(pen)沉積。吧咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)之北麓的(de)(de)(de)(de)青和(he)盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)中所沉積的(de)(de)(de)(de)就是中生(sheng)代(dai)白堊系紫(zi)紅(hong)(hong)色(se)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)，西邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)峴(xian)子(zi)及黃(huang)(huang)河(he)兩(liang)岸沉積的(de)(de)(de)(de)是新(xin)(xin)第三系橘(ju)紅(hong)(hong)色(se)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)。由(you)(you)于(yu)當時(shi)氣候炎(yan)熱干(gan)燥，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)內嚴重干(gan)旱缺(que)水(shui)(shui)。進(jin)入(ru)新(xin)(xin)生(sheng)代(dai)后(hou)，到(dao)上(shang)新(xin)(xin)世(shi)隴山(shan)(shan)(shan)運動強烈上(shang)升，同時(shi)伴生(sheng)汾河(he)期侵蝕(shi)，使盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)均遭到(dao)切割，區(qu)(qu)域(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)復雜化(hua)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)第四紀沉積物(wu)各種(zhong)各樣停積場，沉積了(le)河(he)谷及溝(gou)谷地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)礫石層(ceng)和(he)丘(qiu)陵區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)成(cheng)(cheng)離石黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(老黃(huang)(huang)土(tu))，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)中更新(xin)(xin)世(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沉積物(wu)。特別(bie)是到(dao)了(le)第四紀晚更新(xin)(xin)世(shi)迎來了(le)風(feng)(feng)成(cheng)(cheng)馬(ma)蘭黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(新(xin)(xin)黃(huang)(huang)土(tu))，廣泛覆蓋(gai)于(yu)原有地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)之上(shang)，便構成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)高原梁峁、丘(qiu)陵山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)等現狀。吧咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)，由(you)(you)石質(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)山(shan)(shan)(shan)間盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)兩(liang)部分組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。南北高，中間低(di)，東西地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)相對高。最(zui)底處為(wei)洮河(he)岸邊，海拔為(wei)1719米；最(zui)高處為(wei)吧咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)(ding)，海拔2660.4米。吧咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)與前霧宿山(shan)(shan)(shan)南北對峙，相距10余公里。中間為(wei)青和(he)盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，海拔高度在(zai)1900---,2400米之間。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)類(lei)型可(ke)劃分為(wei)石質(zhi)中高山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵、黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)梁峁溝(gou)谷和(he)河(he)流灘地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四種(zhong)類(lei)型。

氣候特征

吧咪山區域范圍內屬(shu)溫(wen)帶半(ban)干旱季風氣候(hou)，地處內陸，帶有大(da)陸性(xing)氣候(hou)明顯特征(zheng)。春季干旱多(duo)風，冬季寒冷少雪‘。溫(wen)度適中，晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)差大(da)。降水量(liang)少，多(duo)集中在夏(xia)秋兩季；雨(yu)熱同(tong)季，．蒸發量(liang)大(da)，常有干旱發生。日照充足，無霜期短。

吧咪山的傳說

傳說，在(zai)明洪武(wu)二十二年，蘭州井兒街有(you)個(ge)姑娘名叫金花(hua)(hua)，她(ta)端莊聰慧，四歲的(de)(de)時候就(jiu)開始捻(nian)麻紡線，到(dao)了該婚嫁(jia)的(de)(de)年紀，父(fu)母(mu)把她(ta)許配給一(yi)(yi)個(ge)富豪人(ren)(ren)家的(de)(de)子弟，金花(hua)(hua)執意不(bu)去，為(wei)逃避“父(fu)母(mu)之命，媒(mei)妁(shuo)之言(yan)”，臨出嫁(jia)前，她(ta)獨自走出家門，手(shou)拿(na)了根燒飯(fan)的(de)(de)火棍(gun)，跑(pao)到(dao)了吧咪山，喘息(xi)之間(jian)，便將火棍(gun)插于(yu)石縫間(jian)，自己在(zai)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)山洞里絕食靜(jing)坐，念(nian)念(nian)發(fa)誓永不(bu)嫁(jia)人(ren)(ren)，一(yi)(yi)心(xin)修行，達到(dao)成(cheng)佛(fo)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。金花(hua)(hua)反對包辦(ban)婚姻(yin)的(de)(de)精神(shen)感動了山神(shen)土地，頓時火棍(gun)在(zai)瞬(shun)間(jian)生枝吐葉，變成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)棵郁(yu)郁(yu)蔥蔥的(de)(de)大松樹(shu)，這棵古樹(shu)被人(ren)(ren)們稱之為(wei)“神(shen)樹(shu)”，這個(ge)地方因此也(ye)被叫做神(shen)樹(shu)峴(xian)。此后，人(ren)(ren)們為(wei)金花(hua)(hua)蓋廟塑像。每(mei)逢農歷三月(yue)(yue)(yue)初三、四月(yue)(yue)(yue)初八、七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)初七(qi)、九月(yue)(yue)(yue)初九舉行盛大的(de)(de)民間(jian)善會，遠(yuan)近的(de)(de)善男信女就(jiu)會從水旱兩路云(yun)集而來，頂禮膜拜。

史料記載

吧咪(mi)(mi)山原(yuan)名黑山。其來歷有(you)三種說(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)：《甘肅古跡名勝辭典》載(zai)：“傳說(shuo)(shuo)清(qing)光(guang)緒年(nian)(nian)間，大旱饑饉(jin)，滿山忽生吧糜，味美能食”。百姓賴以度(du)過(guo)了荒年(nian)(nian)，故稱(cheng)“吧咪(mi)(mi)寶山"。《黃河三峽移(yi)民志》記述(shu)，除有(you)此(ci)說(shuo)(shuo)外，另(ling)有(you)一(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)：此(ci)地為(wei)(wei)道教(jiao)圣地，常常誦讀“嘛呢吧咪(mi)(mi)畔(pan)”而得名。除上述(shu)兩種說(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)外，尚(shang)有(you)子實(shi)先(xian)生撰《南北三蓮(lian)(lian)花》認為(wei)(wei)，“吧咪(mi)(mi)”為(wei)(wei)梵語(yu)，意為(wei)(wei)“蓮(lian)(lian)花”，比喻心如(ru)蓮(lian)(lian)花一(yi)樣純潔無瑕，或其山狀如(ru)蓮(lian)(lian)花也。