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永靖縣吧咪山景區怎么樣

吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)位于甘肅省中部，地處(chu)(chu)臨(lin)夏回族(zu)自治(zhi)(zhi)州所屬永(yong)靖(jing)、東(dong)(dong)鄉族(zu)自治(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)和定西(xi)(xi)(xi)地區(qu)(qu)所屬臨(lin)洮(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)交界處(chu)(chu)，主峰在今永(yong)靖(jing)縣(xian)(xian)三(san)條(tiao)峴(xian)(xian)鄉塔(ta)什堡(bao)境內。洮(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)河(he)由(you)唐汪川入茅隴峽(xia)(xia)(xia)，繞吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)南麓西(xi)(xi)(xi)行，在茅隴峽(xia)(xia)(xia)口的(de)鸚鴿嘴匯入黃(huang)河(he)，入劉家峽(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)庫。吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)洮(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)河(he)形成山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)環(huan)水(shui)繞之(zhi)勢。吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)正處(chu)(chu)于兩河(he)匯流(liu)、雙峽(xia)(xia)(xia)交峙的(de)三(san)角(jiao)地帶。吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)南瀕洮(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)河(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)東(dong)(dong)鄉族(zu)自治(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)唐汪、董嶺鄉隔水(shui)相(xiang)望(wang)；北(bei)至前霧宿(su)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)柳木夾峴(xian)(xian)(海拔2500米)為界與(yu)(yu)(yu)本縣(xian)(xian)陳井鎮(zhen)張家溝(gou)村(cun)(cun)、年家灣村(cun)(cun)、陳井村(cun)(cun)為鄰；東(dong)(dong)至格水(shui)嶺(又(you)名官水(shui)嶺)、八面(mian)臺與(yu)(yu)(yu)徐頂鄉久長(chang)溝(gou)村(cun)(cun)和臨(lin)洮(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)紅旗鄉扎馬圈村(cun)(cun)接(jie)壤；西(xi)(xi)(xi)依荀子(zi)(zi)溝(gou)嶺、深(shen)峴(xian)(xian)子(zi)(zi)、大峴(xian)(xian)子(zi)(zi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)劉家峽(xia)(xia)(xia)鎮(zhen)紅柳村(cun)(cun)和三(san)條(tiao)峴(xian)(xian)鄉紅峴(xian)(xian)子(zi)(zi)村(cun)(cun)、三(san)條(tiao)峴(xian)(xian)村(cun)(cun)相(xiang)毗鄰。區(qu)(qu)域(yu)南北(bei)長(chang)約(yue)14公(gong)里(li)，東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)寬(kuan)約(yue)11公(gong)里(li)，總(zong)土(tu)地面(mian)積(ji)為84.36平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)。另(ling)外，加上(shang)吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)延余脈臨(lin)洮(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)境地約(yue)2平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)，構成較為完整的(de)吧(ba)(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)景區(qu)(qu)全貌，總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)86.36平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)。

景點景觀

吧(ba)咪山(shan)內有(you)金(jin)(jin)花菩薩大殿,前殿、水(shui)晶宮、山(shan)神廟、土地廟、百子宮、龍王(wang)宮、灶王(wang)殿、鐘樓、鼓樓等古(gu)典(dian)建筑群(qun),亭臺樓閣,金(jin)(jin)碧輝(hui)煌。吧(ba)咪山(shan)山(shan)巒起(qi)伏,奇(qi)峰(feng)競秀,怪石(shi)嶂峋(xun),峭巖絕壁,似物象形(xing)(xing)者(zhe)枚不勝數，還有(you)洶(xiong)涌澎湃的洮河(he)水(shui)一瀉千(qian)里，形(xing)(xing)成了(le)獨特(te)的自然景(jing)觀。

地理環境

地理位置

吧(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山位于甘肅省中部，地(di)處(chu)臨夏回族自治州所屬永(yong)(yong)靖、東(dong)(dong)鄉族自治縣(xian)和定(ding)西(xi)地(di)區所屬臨洮(tao)縣(xian)交界處(chu)，主峰(feng)(feng)在今永(yong)(yong)靖縣(xian)三條峴(xian)鄉塔什堡境內。另(ling)(ling)外，加上吧(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山東(dong)(dong)延余脈(mo)臨洮(tao)縣(xian)境地(di)約2平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里，構成較為完整的(de)吧(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山景區全貌，總面(mian)積86.36平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里。地(di)理坐標介于東(dong)(dong)經(jing)103°25′～103°30 ′，北緯(wei)35°53 ′～36°01′之間，主峰(feng)(feng)海拔(ba)2660.4米。吧(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山主峰(feng)(feng)西(xi)距永(yong)(yong)靖縣(xian)城劉家(jia)峽鎮(zhen)12公(gong)(gong)里，至臨夏州府91公(gong)(gong)里；赴省會蘭(lan)州有兩條道(dao)路(lu)：一條經(jing)縣(xian)城達蘭(lan)州85公(gong)(gong)里，另(ling)(ling)一條由沿東(dong)(dong)北林區三級(ji)道(dao)路(lu)接309、213線國道(dao)達蘭(lan)州45公(gong)(gong)里。

地質地貌

吧(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)由古老(lao)的(de)前(qian)震旦系變質(zhi)巖(yan)和(he)(he)早古生代(dai)(dai)侵入(ru)的(de)加(jia)里東期花崗巖(yan)所組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。前(qian)者分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)洮河(he)口茅隴(long)峽(xia)兩(liang)岸，并延伸到(dao)劉家峽(xia)及(ji)其水庫大(da)壩一(yi)帶；后(hou)者分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)青和(he)(he)下溝(gou)口——吧(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂——房子溝(gou)一(yi)帶，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)吧(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)主體。由于(yu)祁連(lian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)長期處于(yu)隆起狀態，歷(li)經古生代(dai)(dai)風(feng)化(hua)(hua)剝蝕；中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生代(dai)(dai)后(hou)，又(you)受到(dao)燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)運(yun)動的(de)影響，吧(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)及(ji)其周圍廣(guang)大(da)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)斷陷盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，在(zai)盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)內(nei)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)巨(ju)厚的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)生代(dai)(dai)內(nei)陸(lu)紅色(se)湖盆(pen)沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)。吧(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)北麓的(de)青和(he)(he)盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)就是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生代(dai)(dai)白堊系紫紅色(se)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)，西(xi)邊的(de)紅峴子及(ji)黃(huang)(huang)河(he)兩(liang)岸沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)是新(xin)(xin)第(di)三系橘紅色(se)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)。由于(yu)當時(shi)氣(qi)候炎熱干(gan)燥，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)域(yu)內(nei)嚴(yan)重干(gan)旱缺水。進入(ru)新(xin)(xin)生代(dai)(dai)后(hou)，到(dao)上(shang)新(xin)(xin)世(shi)隴(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)運(yun)動強烈上(shang)升，同時(shi)伴生汾(fen)河(he)期侵蝕，使盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)均(jun)遭(zao)到(dao)切割(ge)，區(qu)域(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌復雜化(hua)(hua)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)第(di)四紀(ji)沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)物各種各樣停積(ji)(ji)(ji)場，沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)了河(he)谷(gu)及(ji)溝(gou)谷(gu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶的(de)礫石(shi)(shi)(shi)層(ceng)和(he)(he)丘陵區(qu)的(de)風(feng)成(cheng)(cheng)離(li)石(shi)(shi)(shi)黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(老(lao)黃(huang)(huang)土(tu))，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)更新(xin)(xin)世(shi)的(de)沉積(ji)(ji)(ji)物。特別是到(dao)了第(di)四紀(ji)晚更新(xin)(xin)世(shi)迎(ying)來了風(feng)成(cheng)(cheng)馬蘭黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(新(xin)(xin)黃(huang)(huang)土(tu))，廣(guang)泛覆蓋于(yu)原(yuan)有地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)之(zhi)上(shang)，便構成(cheng)(cheng)了黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)梁峁、丘陵山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)等(deng)現狀。吧(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)域(yu)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)，由石(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)(he)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)間(jian)(jian)盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)兩(liang)部分(fen)(fen)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。南北高(gao)(gao)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)低，東西(xi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)相(xiang)對高(gao)(gao)。最底處為(wei)(wei)洮河(he)岸邊，海拔(ba)為(wei)(wei)1719米(mi)；最高(gao)(gao)處為(wei)(wei)吧(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂，海拔(ba)2660.4米(mi)。吧(ba)(ba)咪(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)與前(qian)霧(wu)宿山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)南北對峙，相(xiang)距10余公里。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)青和(he)(he)盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，海拔(ba)高(gao)(gao)度在(zai)1900---,2400米(mi)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌類型可(ke)劃分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)低山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵、黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)梁峁溝(gou)谷(gu)和(he)(he)河(he)流灘地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四種類型。

氣候特征

吧咪山(shan)區域范圍內屬溫(wen)帶半干(gan)旱季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候，地處內陸，帶有(you)大陸性氣(qi)候明顯(xian)特征。春季(ji)(ji)干(gan)旱多風(feng)，冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)寒冷少雪‘。溫(wen)度適(shi)中(zhong)，晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)差(cha)大。降(jiang)水量少，多集中(zhong)在夏秋兩季(ji)(ji)；雨熱(re)同季(ji)(ji)，．蒸(zheng)發量大，常有(you)干(gan)旱發生。日(ri)照充足，無霜期短。

吧咪山的傳說

傳(chuan)說，在明(ming)洪(hong)武二(er)十二(er)年(nian)，蘭(lan)州井兒街有個(ge)姑娘名叫(jiao)金(jin)(jin)花(hua)(hua)，她(ta)端(duan)莊聰慧，四歲的(de)時候就開始(shi)捻麻紡線，到(dao)了該婚(hun)(hun)嫁(jia)的(de)年(nian)紀，父母把她(ta)許配給一(yi)個(ge)富豪(hao)人家的(de)子弟，金(jin)(jin)花(hua)(hua)執意不(bu)去，為(wei)逃避(bi)“父母之(zhi)命(ming)，媒妁之(zhi)言”，臨出嫁(jia)前，她(ta)獨(du)自走(zou)出家門(men)，手拿了根(gen)燒飯的(de)火(huo)棍，跑到(dao)了吧咪(mi)山(shan)，喘息之(zhi)間(jian)，便(bian)將火(huo)棍插(cha)于(yu)石縫間(jian)，自己在一(yi)個(ge)山(shan)洞里絕食靜坐，念(nian)念(nian)發誓永不(bu)嫁(jia)人，一(yi)心修行，達到(dao)成佛的(de)目的(de)。金(jin)(jin)花(hua)(hua)反(fan)對包辦婚(hun)(hun)姻的(de)精神(shen)感動(dong)了山(shan)神(shen)土(tu)地(di)(di)，頓(dun)時火(huo)棍在瞬(shun)間(jian)生枝吐葉(xie)，變成一(yi)棵郁(yu)郁(yu)蔥蔥的(de)大松樹(shu)，這(zhe)棵古樹(shu)被人們(men)稱之(zhi)為(wei)“神(shen)樹(shu)”，這(zhe)個(ge)地(di)(di)方因此也被叫(jiao)做神(shen)樹(shu)峴(xian)。此后，人們(men)為(wei)金(jin)(jin)花(hua)(hua)蓋廟塑像。每逢農歷三月初(chu)三、四月初(chu)八(ba)、七(qi)月初(chu)七(qi)、九月初(chu)九舉(ju)行盛大的(de)民間(jian)善會，遠近(jin)的(de)善男信女(nv)就會從水旱兩路(lu)云集而來，頂禮膜拜。

史料記載

吧(ba)咪(mi)山原名黑山。其來歷有(you)(you)三(san)(san)種說法：《甘肅古跡名勝(sheng)辭典》載：“傳說清光緒年(nian)間，大旱(han)饑饉，滿(man)山忽生吧(ba)糜，味(wei)美能(neng)食”。百姓賴以(yi)度(du)過了荒年(nian)，故稱(cheng)“吧(ba)咪(mi)寶山"。《黃河(he)三(san)(san)峽移民志》記述，除(chu)有(you)(you)此(ci)說外(wai)，另有(you)(you)一說：此(ci)地(di)為(wei)道教圣地(di)，常(chang)常(chang)誦讀“嘛呢吧(ba)咪(mi)畔”而(er)得名。除(chu)上述兩種說法外(wai)，尚有(you)(you)子(zi)實先生撰《南北三(san)(san)蓮(lian)花》認(ren)為(wei)，“吧(ba)咪(mi)”為(wei)梵語，意為(wei)“蓮(lian)花”，比喻心如蓮(lian)花一樣(yang)純潔無瑕，或其山狀如蓮(lian)花也(ye)。