千斤頂分類
1、齒條千斤頂
由人力通(tong)過(guo)(guo)杠桿和(he)齒輪(lun)帶動(dong)齒條頂舉重(zhong)物(wu)。起重(zhong)量(liang)一般不超過(guo)(guo)20噸,可(ke)長期支持(chi)重(zhong)物(wu),主要用(yong)在作(zuo)業(ye)條件不方便(bian)的地(di)方或需(xu)要利用(yong)下部的托(tuo)爪提升(sheng)重(zhong)物(wu)的場合,如鐵路(lu)起軌作(zuo)業(ye)。
2、螺旋千斤頂
由人力通(tong)過螺(luo)旋(xuan)副(fu)傳動,螺(luo)桿(gan)或螺(luo)母(mu)套筒作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)頂舉件。普通(tong)螺(luo)旋(xuan)千斤頂靠(kao)螺(luo)紋自(zi)鎖作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)支持(chi)重(zhong)物(wu),構(gou)造簡單,但傳動效(xiao)率(lv)低(di),返(fan)程(cheng)慢(man)。自(zi)降(jiang)(jiang)螺(luo)旋(xuan)千斤頂的(de)螺(luo)紋無自(zi)鎖作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong),但裝有制動器(qi)。放松制動器(qi),重(zhong)物(wu)即可自(zi)行快速下降(jiang)(jiang),縮短返(fan)程(cheng)時(shi)間,但這種千斤頂構(gou)造較復雜。螺(luo)旋(xuan)千斤頂能長期支持(chi)重(zhong)物(wu),最大起重(zhong)量已(yi)達100噸,應(ying)用(yong)較廣。下部裝上水平螺(luo)桿(gan)后,還能使(shi)重(zhong)物(wu)做小(xiao)距離橫移。
3、液壓千斤頂
由人(ren)力(li)或(huo)電力(li)驅動液(ye)壓泵,通過液(ye)壓系(xi)統傳動,用(yong)(yong)缸(gang)體或(huo)活塞(sai)作為(wei)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)舉件。液(ye)壓千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)整(zheng)體式(shi)(shi)和分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)式(shi)(shi)。整(zheng)體式(shi)(shi)的泵與液(ye)壓缸(gang)聯成一體;分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)式(shi)(shi)的泵與液(ye)壓缸(gang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li),中間用(yong)(yong)高壓軟管相聯。液(ye)壓千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)結構(gou)緊湊,能(neng)平穩頂(ding)(ding)(ding)升重(zhong)物,起重(zhong)量最大達1000噸,行(xing)程1米,傳動效率較高,故應(ying)用(yong)(yong)較廣;但易漏油(you),不宜長(chang)(chang)期支持重(zhong)物。 如長(chang)(chang)期支撐需選用(yong)(yong)自鎖千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding),螺(luo)旋千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)和液(ye)壓千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)為(wei)進一步降低外形高度或(huo)增(zeng)大頂(ding)(ding)(ding)舉距離(li)(li),可做(zuo)成多級(ji)伸縮式(shi)(shi)。 液(ye)壓千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)除上(shang)述基本(ben)型式(shi)(shi)外,按同樣原理可改裝成滑升模(mo)板千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)、液(ye)壓升降臺(tai)、張拉機等(deng),用(yong)(yong)于(yu)各種特殊施工場合。
4、氣囊式氣動千斤頂
氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)千斤頂(ding),全稱叫做(zuo)氣(qi)囊(nang)式氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)千斤頂(ding),一(yi)般由3層、兩層或者單層氣(qi)囊(nang)組(zu)成,主要工作原理是利用(yong)5-8KG壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力空壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)充氣(qi),將車頂(ding)起。氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)千斤頂(ding)產品是利用(yong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣(qi)體作為(wei)動(dong)(dong)力,液體增壓(ya)(ya)(ya)與伸縮(suo)式液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)組(zu)合而成的一(yi)種新(xin)型舉升設(she)備,它具有設(she)計精巧、體積小、重量輕、易操(cao)作、省(sheng)時、省(sheng)力、舉升噸位大等(deng)特(te)點(dian),廣(guang)泛用(yong)于(yu)流動(dong)(dong)性起重,特(te)別適用(yong)于(yu)汽(qi)車、拖拉機(ji)等(deng)交通(tong)運輸業(ye)的修(xiu)理行業(ye)。
5、剪式千斤頂
剪式千斤頂又叫支架千斤頂,使用輕便快捷,是國內各大汽車廠隨車產品。其由(you)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)板材制(zhi)成(cheng)的(de)上(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桿和下支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桿組成(cheng),工(gong)作原理各有不同。上(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桿的(de)橫截(jie)面與下支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桿在齒(chi)部及(ji)其附近部分的(de)橫截(jie)面是一邊開口的(de)矩形,開口兩邊的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)板向(xiang)內彎(wan)折。上(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桿和下支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桿上(shang)的(de)齒(chi)是由(you)開口兩邊彎(wan)折的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)板上(shang)制(zhi)成(cheng),齒(chi)寬大于(yu)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)板厚。