千斤頂分類
1、齒條千斤頂
由人(ren)力通(tong)過杠桿和齒輪(lun)帶動(dong)齒條頂舉重(zhong)物(wu)。起重(zhong)量(liang)一般不(bu)(bu)超過20噸(dun),可長期支持重(zhong)物(wu),主(zhu)要用(yong)在作業條件不(bu)(bu)方便的(de)地方或需要利用(yong)下部的(de)托(tuo)爪提升(sheng)重(zhong)物(wu)的(de)場(chang)合,如鐵路起軌作業。
2、螺旋千斤頂
由人力通過(guo)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)副(fu)傳動,螺(luo)(luo)(luo)桿(gan)(gan)或螺(luo)(luo)(luo)母套(tao)筒作為頂(ding)舉(ju)件。普通螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)頂(ding)靠螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋自(zi)鎖作用支(zhi)持(chi)重物,構造簡單,但(dan)傳動效率低,返程慢。自(zi)降螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)頂(ding)的螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋無自(zi)鎖作用,但(dan)裝(zhuang)有制動器(qi)。放(fang)松制動器(qi),重物即可自(zi)行快速下降,縮短返程時間,但(dan)這種千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)頂(ding)構造較復(fu)雜。螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)(jin)頂(ding)能長期支(zhi)持(chi)重物,最大起(qi)重量已達100噸,應用較廣。下部裝(zhuang)上水平螺(luo)(luo)(luo)桿(gan)(gan)后,還(huan)能使重物做小距(ju)離橫移。
3、液壓千斤頂
由人力(li)或(huo)電力(li)驅動(dong)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng),通過液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統傳動(dong),用(yong)缸(gang)體或(huo)活塞(sai)作為頂(ding)(ding)舉件。液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)可分(fen)為整(zheng)體式和分(fen)離(li)(li)式。整(zheng)體式的(de)泵(beng)(beng)與液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)聯(lian)成一(yi)體;分(fen)離(li)(li)式的(de)泵(beng)(beng)與液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)分(fen)離(li)(li),中間用(yong)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)軟管相聯(lian)。液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)結構緊(jin)湊,能平穩頂(ding)(ding)升(sheng)重(zhong)物,起重(zhong)量最大達1000噸,行程1米,傳動(dong)效率較高(gao)(gao),故應用(yong)較廣;但易漏油,不宜長(chang)期支持重(zhong)物。 如長(chang)期支撐需選用(yong)自鎖千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding),螺旋千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)和液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)為進一(yi)步降(jiang)低外形高(gao)(gao)度或(huo)增大頂(ding)(ding)舉距(ju)離(li)(li),可做(zuo)成多(duo)級(ji)伸(shen)縮(suo)式。 液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)除上述基本型式外,按(an)同樣原理可改裝成滑升(sheng)模(mo)板千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)、液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)升(sheng)降(jiang)臺、張拉機(ji)等,用(yong)于各(ge)種(zhong)特(te)殊(shu)施工場(chang)合。
4、氣囊式氣動千斤頂
氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)千斤頂,全稱叫做氣(qi)囊(nang)式氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)千斤頂,一般由3層、兩(liang)層或(huo)者單層氣(qi)囊(nang)組成(cheng),主要工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)原理是利(li)(li)用(yong)5-8KG壓力空壓機(ji)充氣(qi),將車頂起(qi)。氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)液(ye)壓千斤頂產(chan)品是利(li)(li)用(yong)壓縮(suo)氣(qi)體(ti)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為動(dong)(dong)(dong)力,液(ye)體(ti)增壓與(yu)伸縮(suo)式液(ye)壓缸組合(he)而(er)成(cheng)的一種新型(xing)舉升(sheng)設(she)(she)備,它具有設(she)(she)計精巧、體(ti)積小、重量輕、易操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)、省時、省力、舉升(sheng)噸位大等特點,廣泛用(yong)于流(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性起(qi)重,特別適用(yong)于汽車、拖拉機(ji)等交通運輸業的修理行業。
5、剪式千斤頂
剪式千斤頂又叫支架千斤頂,使用輕便快捷,是國內各大汽車廠隨車產品。其由金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)板(ban)材制成(cheng)的上(shang)(shang)(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)桿(gan)和下(xia)支(zhi)(zhi)桿(gan)組成(cheng),工(gong)作原理各有(you)不同。上(shang)(shang)(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)桿(gan)的橫截面與下(xia)支(zhi)(zhi)桿(gan)在(zai)齒(chi)(chi)部及其附近部分的橫截面是一邊開(kai)口(kou)的矩形,開(kai)口(kou)兩(liang)邊的金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)板(ban)向內彎折。上(shang)(shang)(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)桿(gan)和下(xia)支(zhi)(zhi)桿(gan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的齒(chi)(chi)是由開(kai)口(kou)兩(liang)邊彎折的金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)(shang)制成(cheng),齒(chi)(chi)寬(kuan)大于金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)板(ban)厚。