常見低壓電器設備如何選購
一、普通斷路器選購
1、低壓(ya)斷路(lu)器的(de)額定電壓(ya)不小于(yu)線路(lu)的(de)額定電壓(ya),額定電流不小于(yu)線路(lu)的(de)計算負載電流。
2、低(di)壓(ya)斷路器的極限通斷能力不小于線路中(zhong)最大的短路電流(liu),脫(tuo)扣(kou)器的額定電流(liu)不小于線路的計算(suan)電流(liu)。
3、欠壓脫扣(kou)器的(de)額(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓應(ying)等(deng)于(yu)線路的(de)額(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓,線路末(mo)端(duan)單相對地短(duan)路電(dian)流(liu)(liu)除以低(di)壓斷路器瞬(shun)時脫扣(kou)整定(ding)電(dian)流(liu)(liu),應(ying)大于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)1.25。
二、配電用低壓斷路器選購
1、長延時(shi)動(dong)作電(dian)(dian)流(liu)整定(ding)值應等于0.8~1倍導線允許(xu)載流(liu)量,短(duan)延時(shi)動(dong)作電(dian)(dian)流(liu)整定(ding)值不小(xiao)于1.1*(Ijx+1.35KIdem)。其中,Ijx為線路(lu)計算負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)流(liu),K為電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機的(de)啟(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)倍數,Idem為最大一臺電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。
2、無短(duan)延時時,瞬(shun)時電流整定值不小于1.1*(Ijx+K1KIdem)。其(qi)中(zhong),K1為電動機啟動電流的沖擊(ji)系數,可(ke)取(qu)1.7~2。
3、有短延時時,瞬時電流(liu)整定(ding)值(zhi)不小于1.1倍下級開關進線端計算短路電流(liu)值(zhi)。
三、照明用低壓斷路器選購
1、長延(yan)時整定值不大于線路計算負載電流。
2、瞬(shun)時動作整定(ding)值等于(6~20)倍線路計(ji)算(suan)負載電流。
四、漏電保護裝置選購
1、一般情況下,應(ying)優先選(xuan)擇(ze)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁式漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護器,以求(qiu)有較高的可靠性。
2、漏(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)的額定電(dian)(dian)流應(ying)大于(yu)實際負(fu)荷電(dian)(dian)流,家庭的單相電(dian)(dian)源(yuan),應(ying)選(xuan)用(yong)二極的漏(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi),若負(fu)載(zai)為(wei)(wei)三(san)相三(san)線(xian),則選(xuan)用(yong)三(san)極的漏(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi),若負(fu)載(zai)為(wei)(wei)三(san)相四線(xian),則應(ying)選(xuan)用(yong)四極漏(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)。
五、熱繼電器選購
1、一般場(chang)所可選(xuan)用(yong)不(bu)帶斷相保(bao)護(hu)裝置的熱繼電器(qi),但作為電動機的過載(zai)保(bao)護(hu)時(shi),應選(xuan)用(yong)帶斷相保(bao)護(hu)裝置的熱繼電器(qi)。
2、熱(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)應大(da)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu),熱(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的熱(re)元件額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)應略大(da)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。
六、接觸器選購
1、接觸(chu)器(qi)的類型應根據負載(zai)電流(liu)的類型和負載(zai)的輕(qing)重(zhong)來(lai)選擇,即(ji)是(shi)(shi)交流(liu)負載(zai)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)直流(liu)負載(zai),是(shi)(shi)輕(qing)負載(zai)、一般負載(zai)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)重(zhong)負載(zai)。
2、如果(guo)接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)控制(zhi)的是電動機啟動、制(zhi)動或反轉頻繁,一(yi)般將(jiang)接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)主觸(chu)頭(tou)的額(e)定電流降一(yi)級使用(yong)。
3、接觸(chu)(chu)器銘牌上所標電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)系指主觸(chu)(chu)頭能承受的額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya),并非(fei)吸引線圈的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya),選(xuan)購時(shi),接觸(chu)(chu)器主觸(chu)(chu)頭的額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應不小于負載(zai)的額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。
挑選低壓電器要注意什么
1、低(di)壓(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設計所(suo)選用的低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器,應符合(he)國(guo)家現行的有關標準(zhun),并且電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應與所(suo)在(zai)回路標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相適應,額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不應小于所(suo)在(zai)回路的計算電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。
2、低壓電(dian)器應(ying)滿足(zu)短(duan)路條(tiao)(tiao)件下的(de)動穩定與熱穩定的(de)要求,用于斷開短(duan)路電(dian)流的(de)低壓電(dian)器,應(ying)滿足(zu)短(duan)路條(tiao)(tiao)件下的(de)通斷能力(li)。
3、低(di)壓電(dian)(dian)器的額(e)定(ding)功率,應(ying)與所(suo)在回路(lu)頻(pin)率相(xiang)適應(ying)。線路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓損失,應(ying)滿足用電(dian)(dian)設備正常工作(zuo)及啟(qi)動時端(duan)電(dian)(dian)壓的要求(qiu)。
4、低(di)壓斷路(lu)器和變壓器低(di)壓側與主母線之間,應經過隔離開(kai)關或插(cha)頭(tou)連接(jie),供給一(yi)級負(fu)荷的(de)兩路(lu)電源線路(lu)不應敷設在同(tong)一(yi)電纜溝內(nei)。
5、對二(er)級及以(yi)下用電(dian)(dian)負荷(he),當用于環網和終端(duan)供電(dian)(dian)時,低(di)壓電(dian)(dian)器應在滿足(zu)高(gao)壓10kV電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統技術條件下,優先選用環網負荷(he)開關。
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