一、高空作業安全帶簡介

高空作業安全帶又稱全方(fang)位安全帶(dai)(dai)或(huo)五點式安全帶(dai)(dai)，新國標GB6095-2009規定材質(zhi)需使用滌綸及更高強度的織帶(dai)(dai)加工而成(cheng)的。全身(shen)式安全帶(dai)(dai)是高處(chu)作業人員(yuan)預(yu)防墜落傷亡的防護(hu)用品。是由帶(dai)(dai)體、安全配(pei)(pei)繩、緩沖包和金屬配(pei)(pei)件(jian)組成(cheng)，總稱墜落懸掛(gua)安全帶(dai)(dai)。

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二、高空作業安全帶種類

高(gao)空(kong)作(zuo)業安全帶按使用方式分為：圍桿安全帶和懸掛、攀登安全帶兩類。

圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)桿(gan)作(zuo)業安全(quan)帶適用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)、電(dian)(dian)信工(gong)(gong)、園林工(gong)(gong)等桿(gan)上作(zuo)業。主要品種有：電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)桿(gan)帶單(dan)(dan)腰帶式(shi)(shi)、電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)桿(gan)帶防下脫式(shi)(shi)、通用(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)桿(gan)繩單(dan)(dan)腰帶式(shi)(shi)、通用(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)桿(gan)繩單(dan)(dan)腰帶式(shi)(shi)、電(dian)(dian)信工(gong)(gong)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)桿(gan)繩單(dan)(dan)腰帶式(shi)(shi)和牛皮電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)保安帶等。

懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)及攀(pan)登作業安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)建筑(zhu)、造船、安(an)(an)(an)裝、維修、起重、橋(qiao)梁(liang)、采(cai)石、礦山、公路及鐵(tie)路調車(che)等高處作業。其式(shi)(shi)樣(yang)較多(duo)，按結(jie)構分為單(dan)腰帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)、雙背帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)、攀(pan)登式(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)種(zhong)。其中單(dan)腰帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)架子工(gong)(gong)(gong)Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、架子工(gong)(gong)(gong)Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、鐵(tie)路調車(che)工(gong)(gong)(gong)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、電信工(gong)(gong)(gong)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)自(zi)鎖式(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)等六個(ge)品種(zhong)；雙背帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)雙背帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)雙背帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅲ型(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)雙背帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅳ型(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)雙背帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、全(quan)絲繩安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)等五個(ge)品種(zhong)；攀(pan)登式(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)攀(pan)登活動帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)攀(pan)登活動式(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)和通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)攀(pan)登固定式(shi)(shi)等三(san)(san)個(ge)品種(zhong)。

安全帶(dai)按品種系(xi)列，采(cai)用漢語拼音字母，依(yi)前、后(hou)順(shun)序分(fen)別表示(shi)不同(tong)工(gong)種、不同(tong)使(shi)用方法、不同(tong)結(jie)構(gou)。符號含意如下：D—電工(gong)；DX—電信(xin)工(gong)；J—架子(zi)工(gong)；L—鐵路(lu)調車工(gong)；T—通(tong)用（油漆工(gong)、造船、機修工(gong)等）；W—圍(wei)(wei)桿(gan)作(zuo)業：W1—圍(wei)(wei)桿(gan)帶(dai)式；W2—圍(wei)(wei)桿(gan)繩式；X—懸掛作(zuo)業；P—攀登(deng)作(zuo)業；Y—單腰帶(dai)式；F—防下脫式；B—雙背帶(dai)式；S—自鎖(suo)式；H—活動式；G—固(gu)定(ding)式。

符號組合表示舉(ju)例(li)如下：

DW1Y——電工圍桿帶單腰帶式。

TPG——通用攀登固定式(shi)。

三、高空作業安全帶的正確使用方法

1、檢(jian)查安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)狀態，看是否(fou)符合使(shi)用(yong)條(tiao)件。在(zai)系(xi)安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)之前，需要檢(jian)查安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)質量，確保能(neng)夠安(an)全(quan)使(shi)用(yong)。觀(guan)察尼龍(long)帶(dai)(dai)是否(fou)出現斷絲(si)和明顯(xian)劃痕，金屬(shu)掛鉤(gou)處有無可(ke)見裂(lie)紋，掛鉤(gou)鎖死(si)裝置是否(fou)完好可(ke)用(yong)等。

2、按正確步(bu)驟穿戴安全(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)。先(xian)系(xi)好安全(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)的胸帶(dai)，然(ran)后束緊腰帶(dai)，腰扣的組件必須系(xi)緊系(xi)正。最后系(xi)好安全(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)的腿帶(dai)，系(xi)腿帶(dai)的時候，應當保(bao)持在松緊適度(du)的狀態。

3、將安全(quan)(quan)帶(dai)掛(gua)(gua)在適宜的位(wei)置。掛(gua)(gua)安全(quan)(quan)帶(dai)的時(shi)候，需要采用(yong)高掛(gua)(gua)低用(yong)的掛(gua)(gua)法，并防止擺動、碰(peng)撞(zhuang)，避開(kai)尖(jian)銳(rui)物質(zhi)，不能接觸(chu)明火。選好掛(gua)(gua)的地方后，確保(bao)將金屬鎖扣鎖死。

4、在進(jin)行高空(kong)作業時，需(xu)要將安全帶(dai)的(de)鉤(gou)和環牢(lao)牢(lao)地掛在系留(liu)點(dian)上。安全帶(dai)繩索不能打結，也不能隨(sui)意(yi)移動鉤(gou)、環，以免造(zao)成危險。

5、使用(yong)完的(de)安全帶需(xu)要進行相應的(de)檢查，待確認無誤后，需(xu)要將(jiang)其(qi)進行適當的(de)保(bao)養，然(ran)后貯藏起來，以待下次使用(yong)。

6、安全帶使(shi)用期為(wei)3-5年(nian)，如果發現異常需(xu)要(yao)提前報廢(fei)。在使(shi)用過程中，每(mei)隔(ge)半年(nian)至一年(nian)就需(xu)要(yao)試(shi)驗一次，確保操作安全(quan)。