一、高空作業安全帶簡介

高空作業安全帶又稱(cheng)全(quan)(quan)方位安(an)全(quan)(quan)帶或(huo)五(wu)點式(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)帶，新國標(biao)GB6095-2009規定(ding)材質(zhi)需使用滌綸及更高強度(du)的(de)織帶加工而成的(de)。全(quan)(quan)身式(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)帶是(shi)高處作業(ye)人員(yuan)預防墜(zhui)落(luo)傷亡的(de)防護用品。是(shi)由帶體、安(an)全(quan)(quan)配繩、緩沖包和金屬配件(jian)組成，總稱(cheng)墜(zhui)落(luo)懸掛安(an)全(quan)(quan)帶。

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二、高空作業安全帶種類

高空作(zuo)業(ye)安全帶按使用方式分為：圍桿安全帶和懸掛、攀登安全帶兩類。

圍桿(gan)作(zuo)業安全帶(dai)(dai)適(shi)用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)信工(gong)(gong)、園林工(gong)(gong)等桿(gan)上(shang)作(zuo)業。主要品種有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)圍桿(gan)帶(dai)(dai)單(dan)(dan)腰(yao)帶(dai)(dai)式、電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)圍桿(gan)帶(dai)(dai)防下脫式、通用Ⅰ型圍桿(gan)繩(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)(dan)腰(yao)帶(dai)(dai)式、通用Ⅱ型圍桿(gan)繩(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)(dan)腰(yao)帶(dai)(dai)式、電(dian)(dian)(dian)信工(gong)(gong)圍桿(gan)繩(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)(dan)腰(yao)帶(dai)(dai)式和牛(niu)皮電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)保(bao)安帶(dai)(dai)等。

懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)及(ji)攀(pan)(pan)登作業(ye)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)適用(yong)(yong)于建筑(zhu)、造(zao)船、安(an)裝、維(wei)修、起重、橋梁、采石、礦山、公路及(ji)鐵路調(diao)車等高(gao)處作業(ye)。其式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣較多，按結構分為單腰帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、雙背(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、攀(pan)(pan)登式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)種(zhong)。其中單腰帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有架子(zi)工(gong)Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、架子(zi)工(gong)Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、鐵路調(diao)車工(gong)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、電(dian)信(xin)工(gong)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)自(zi)鎖式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)等六(liu)個品種(zhong)；雙背(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有通(tong)用(yong)(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)雙背(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)雙背(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)Ⅲ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)雙背(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)Ⅳ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)懸(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)雙背(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)絲繩(sheng)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)等五(wu)個品種(zhong)；攀(pan)(pan)登式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有通(tong)用(yong)(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)攀(pan)(pan)登活(huo)動(dong)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)用(yong)(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)攀(pan)(pan)登活(huo)動(dong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)和通(tong)用(yong)(yong)攀(pan)(pan)登固(gu)定式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等三(san)個品種(zhong)。

安全帶(dai)按品種(zhong)系列(lie)，采用(yong)漢語拼音字母，依前、后順序分別表示(shi)不同工(gong)種(zhong)、不同使(shi)用(yong)方(fang)法、不同結構。符號含意(yi)如下(xia)：D—電(dian)工(gong)；DX—電(dian)信工(gong)；J—架(jia)子工(gong)；L—鐵(tie)路調車(che)工(gong)；T—通用(yong)（油漆(qi)工(gong)、造船、機修工(gong)等）；W—圍桿作(zuo)業：W1—圍桿帶(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；W2—圍桿繩(sheng)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；X—懸(xuan)掛作(zuo)業；P—攀(pan)登作(zuo)業；Y—單腰帶(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；F—防下(xia)脫(tuo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；B—雙背帶(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；S—自鎖式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；H—活(huo)動(dong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；G—固定式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。

符號組(zu)合表(biao)示舉例如下：

DW1Y——電(dian)工圍桿帶單腰帶式。

TPG——通用攀登固定式。

三、高空作業安全帶的正確使用方法

1、檢查安全(quan)帶的狀(zhuang)態，看是否符合(he)使用條件。在系(xi)安全(quan)帶之前，需要檢查安全(quan)帶的質量，確保(bao)能夠安全(quan)使用。觀察(cha)尼龍帶是否出現(xian)斷絲和明(ming)顯劃痕，金屬掛(gua)鉤(gou)處有無可見裂紋，掛(gua)鉤(gou)鎖死(si)裝置是否完好可用等。

2、按正確步驟穿(chuan)戴安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)。先系(xi)好安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)的胸帶(dai)(dai)(dai)，然(ran)后(hou)束緊腰(yao)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)，腰(yao)扣的組件必須系(xi)緊系(xi)正。最后(hou)系(xi)好安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)的腿帶(dai)(dai)(dai)，系(xi)腿帶(dai)(dai)(dai)的時候，應當保持在松緊適度的狀態。

3、將安全帶掛(gua)在適宜的(de)位置。掛(gua)安全帶的(de)時候，需(xu)要采用高掛(gua)低用的(de)掛(gua)法(fa)，并防止(zhi)擺動(dong)、碰(peng)撞，避(bi)開尖銳物(wu)質，不能(neng)接觸明火。選(xuan)好掛(gua)的(de)地方后(hou)，確保將金(jin)屬鎖扣鎖死(si)。

4、在(zai)進(jin)行高空作業時，需要將(jiang)安全帶的鉤和(he)環牢牢地(di)掛在(zai)系留點(dian)上。安全帶繩索不能(neng)打(da)結，也(ye)不能(neng)隨意(yi)移動鉤、環，以免造成危(wei)險。

5、使(shi)用(yong)完的安全帶(dai)需要(yao)進行(xing)相應的檢查，待(dai)確認無誤(wu)后(hou)，需要(yao)將其進行(xing)適當的保養(yang)，然后(hou)貯藏(zang)起來，以待(dai)下(xia)次使(shi)用(yong)。

6、安全帶使用(yong)期(qi)為3-5年，如果發現異常需要提前(qian)報廢。在(zai)使用(yong)過程中(zhong)，每隔半年至一(yi)年就(jiu)需要試驗(yan)一(yi)次，確保(bao)操作安全。