1、充電樁充電原理

充電樁固定在地面，利用專用充電接口，采用傳導方式，為具有車載充電機的電動汽車提供交流電能，具有相應的通訊、計費和安全防護功能。市民只需要購買IC卡并充(chong)值(zhi)，就可以使用充(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)為汽(qi)車充(chong)電(dian)了。

電動汽車蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)后，用直流電(dian)(dian)按與放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流相反的方向通過(guo)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池，使它(ta)恢復工作能力(li)，這個(ge)過(guo)程稱為蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)。蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)時，電(dian)(dian)池正極(ji)與電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)正極(ji)相聯，電(dian)(dian)池負極(ji)與電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)負極(ji)相聯，充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)必須高于電(dian)(dian)池的總(zong)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢。

2、充電樁充電方式

充電(dian)方(fang)式有(you)恒電(dian)流(liu)充電(dian)和恒電(dian)壓充電(dian)兩種。

該圖片由注冊用戶"科技數碼行"提供，版權聲明反饋

恒流充電法

恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)(shi)用調整充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓或改變與蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，保持充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)強度不(bu)變的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。控制方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)簡單，但由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)可(ke)接受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)能力是(shi)(shi)隨(sui)著(zhu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程的(de)進行而逐漸下降(jiang)的(de)，到充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后期，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)多(duo)用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解水(shui)，產生氣體，使出氣過(guo)甚，因此，常選(xuan)用階段(duan)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。

恒壓充電法

充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在全部充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間里保持恒(heng)定的(de)(de)數(shu)值，隨著蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)逐漸升高，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)逐漸減(jian)少。與恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法相比，其充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)更接近于最佳充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)曲線(xian)。用(yong)恒(heng)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，由(you)于充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)初期蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢較低，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)很大，隨著充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)進(jin)行，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)將(jiang)逐漸減(jian)少，因此，只(zhi)需簡易控制(zhi)系統。

3、直流充電樁和交流充電樁的區別

直流充電樁：直流電動汽車充電站，俗稱就是“快充”，它是固定安裝在電動汽車外，與交流電網連接，可以為非車載電動汽車動力電池提供直流電源的供電裝置。直流充電樁的輸入電壓采用三相四線AC380V±15%，頻率50Hz,輸出為可調直流(liu)電(dian)，直接為電(dian)動汽車的(de)動力電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。由(you)于直流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)采用三相四線制供電(dian)，可以提(ti)供足夠的(de)功率，輸出的(de)電(dian)壓和(he)電(dian)流(liu)調整范(fan)圍大，可以實現快充(chong)(chong)的(de)要求。

交流充電樁：交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁，俗稱就是“慢(man)充(chong)(chong)”，固定(ding)安(an)裝(zhuang)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)外、與交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)連接，為電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)車(che)載充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)（即(ji)固定(ding)安(an)裝(zhuang)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)上的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)）提供(gong)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置。交流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁只提供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力輸出，沒有充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功能，需連接車(che)載充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。相當于只是起(qi)了一個(ge)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)作用的(de)。

兩者的區別：簡單來說，交流充電樁需要借助車載充電機來充電，直流快速充電樁不需要這個設備。二者在充電速度上差別較大，一輛純電動汽車（普通電池容量）完全放電后通過交流充電樁充滿需要8個(ge)小時，而通過(guo)直流快速充(chong)電樁僅需要2到3個(ge)小時。交流(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機提供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)輸入，由于車(che)(che)載充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)功率并不(bu)大(da)，所以(yi)不(bu)能(neng)實(shi)現快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。直流(liu)(liu)快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)是固定安裝在電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)外、與交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網連(lian)接，可(ke)以(yi)為(wei)非車(che)(che)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)的(de)動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池提供(gong)(gong)直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置(zhi)，直流(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)可(ke)以(yi)提供(gong)(gong)足夠(gou)的(de)功率，輸出的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)調整(zheng)范(fan)圍大(da)，可(ke)以(yi)實(shi)現快充(chong)的(de)要求(qiu)。