1、充電樁充電原理

充電樁固定在地面，利用專用充電接口，采用傳導方式，為具有車載充電機的電動汽車提供交流電能，具有相應的通訊、計費和安全防護功能。市民只需要購買IC卡(ka)并(bing)充(chong)值，就可以使用(yong)充(chong)電(dian)樁為(wei)汽(qi)車充(chong)電(dian)了。

電動汽車蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，用直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)按(an)與(yu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流相(xiang)(xiang)反的方向通過蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，使(shi)它恢復工作能力，這個過程稱為蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池正極(ji)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)正極(ji)相(xiang)(xiang)聯，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池負(fu)極(ji)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)負(fu)極(ji)相(xiang)(xiang)聯，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓必(bi)須高于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的總(zong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢。

2、充電樁充電方式

充(chong)(chong)電(dian)方式有恒(heng)電(dian)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)和恒(heng)電(dian)壓充(chong)(chong)電(dian)兩種。

該圖片由注冊用戶"科技數碼行"提供，版權聲明反饋

恒流充電法

恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)調整充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓或改(gai)變與(yu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池串聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻的方(fang)(fang)法(fa)，保持充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)強度不(bu)變的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。控(kong)制方(fang)(fang)法(fa)簡單，但由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的可(ke)接受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)能力是(shi)隨著(zhu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)的進行而逐漸(jian)下降(jiang)的，到充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后期，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)多用(yong)(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解水，產生氣(qi)體，使出(chu)(chu)氣(qi)過(guo)甚(shen)，因此，常選用(yong)(yong)(yong)階段充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)。

恒壓充電法

充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)源的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓在全部充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間里(li)保持恒定的(de)數值，隨著蓄電(dian)(dian)池端(duan)電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)逐(zhu)漸(jian)升高，電(dian)(dian)流(liu)逐(zhu)漸(jian)減少(shao)。與恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)法相比，其充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程更接近(jin)于最(zui)佳充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)曲(qu)線。用恒定電(dian)(dian)壓快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，由(you)于充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)初(chu)期蓄電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)較低，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)很大，隨著充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)進行，電(dian)(dian)流(liu)將逐(zhu)漸(jian)減少(shao)，因此，只(zhi)需簡(jian)易控制系統。

3、直流充電樁和交流充電樁的區別

直流充電樁：直流電動汽車充電站，俗稱就是“快充”，它是固定安裝在電動汽車外，與交流電網連接，可以為非車載電動汽車動力電池提供直流電源的供電裝置。直流充電樁的輸入電壓采用三相四線AC380V±15%，頻率50Hz,輸(shu)出(chu)為(wei)可(ke)調直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，直(zhi)接為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車的動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。由于(yu)直(zhi)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁采(cai)用三相四線制供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，可(ke)以提供足(zu)夠的功率，輸(shu)出(chu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流調整范圍大(da)，可(ke)以實現(xian)快充的要求(qiu)。

交流充電樁：交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電樁，俗稱就是(shi)“慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)”，固(gu)定安(an)裝(zhuang)在電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)外(wai)、與交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電網連接(jie)，為(wei)電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)車(che)(che)載(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電機(ji)（即固(gu)定安(an)裝(zhuang)在電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)上的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電機(ji)）提供交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電源(yuan)的供電裝(zhuang)置。交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電樁只提供電力(li)輸出，沒有充(chong)(chong)(chong)電功能，需連接(jie)車(che)(che)載(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電機(ji)為(wei)電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電。相當于只是(shi)起了一個控制電源(yuan)的作用的。

兩者的區別：簡單來說，交流充電樁需要借助車載充電機來充電，直流快速充電樁不需要這個設備。二者在充電速度上差別較大，一輛純電動汽車（普通電池容量）完全放電后通過交流充電樁充滿需要8個小時，而通過(guo)直(zhi)流快速充(chong)電樁僅需要(yao)2到(dao)3個小時。交(jiao)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)樁給(gei)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)的(de)充電(dian)(dian)機(ji)提(ti)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)力輸入，由于(yu)車(che)(che)載充電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)功率并不(bu)大，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)能實現快速充電(dian)(dian)。直(zhi)流(liu)快速充電(dian)(dian)樁是固定安裝在電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)外、與交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)連接，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為非車(che)(che)載電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)的(de)動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)提(ti)供(gong)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)源的(de)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)裝置(zhi)，直(zhi)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)樁可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)供(gong)足夠的(de)功率，輸出的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和電(dian)(dian)流(liu)調整范圍大，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)實現快充的(de)要求(qiu)。