【大(da)蒜播種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)】大(da)蒜播種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)工(gong)作原理 大(da)蒜播種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)作過(guo)程(cheng)
為了(le)提高(gao)大(da)蒜(suan)的(de)(de)(de)播(bo)種效(xiao)率,減少蒜(suan)苗的(de)(de)(de)浪(lang)費(fei),在最近的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)段時間,我根據大(da)蒜(suan)的(de)(de)(de)種植特點(dian)做(zuo)了(le)一(yi)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)螺(luo)旋管的(de)(de)(de)模型,錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)管內徑50mm,錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)直徑900mm,圈高(gao)1500mm,經挑選后的(de)(de)(de)蒜(suan)瓣自由下落在錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)螺(luo)旋管的(de)(de)(de)作用下入土的(de)(de)(de)蒜(suan)瓣根朝下牙朝上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)概有8成數量,基(ji)本(ben)上(shang)是成功(gong)的(de)(de)(de)。
大蒜播種機的工作原理
大(da)蒜(suan)(suan)播種(zhong)機采用(yong)點播技術,按行距(ju)和窩(wo)距(ju)先用(yong)壓穴(xue)錐(zhui)(zhui)壓穴(xue)以型(xing)成一定大(da)小(xiao)孔(kong)洞形(xing)錐(zhui)(zhui)穴(xue),經挑選后的(de)蒜(suan)(suan)瓣經分種(zhong)器(qi)自(zi)(zi)由下(xia)(xia)落在錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)螺(luo)旋導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)(guan)的(de)作用(yong)下(xia)(xia)入(ru)土的(de)蒜(suan)(suan)瓣根朝(chao)下(xia)(xia)牙朝(chao)上剛好(hao)落入(ru)錐(zhui)(zhui)穴(xue)孔(kong)洞中(zhong)而不(bu)致(zhi)于傾斜,播種(zhong)機在行進中(zhong)壓穴(xue)錐(zhui)(zhui)與分種(zhong)器(qi)必須(xu)要(yao)(yao)同(tong)步(bu),蒜(suan)(suan)瓣自(zi)(zi)由下(xia)(xia)落經錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)螺(luo)旋導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)(guan)的(de)滯后時間(jian)要(yao)(yao)使蒜(suan)(suan)瓣剛好(hao)能進入(ru)孔(kong)洞中(zhong)。錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)螺(luo)旋管(guan)(guan)導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)(guan)內孔(kong)壁光滑內孔(kong)的(de)直徑要(yao)(yao)比蒜(suan)(suan)瓣最(zui)大(da)尺(chi)寸大(da)10mm才能使蒜(suan)(suan)瓣自(zi)(zi)由下(xia)(xia)落在錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)螺(luo)旋導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)(guan)的(de)作用(yong)下(xia)(xia)入(ru)土的(de)蒜(suan)(suan)瓣根朝(chao)下(xia)(xia)牙朝(chao)上和不(bu)致(zhi)于賭管(guan)(guan)。(錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)螺(luo)旋導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)(guan)的(de)模(mo)型(xing)尺(chi)寸:錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)(guan)內徑50mm,錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)直徑900mm,圈高1500mm)
大蒜(suan)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機采用點(dian)播(bo)和錐形(xing)(xing)螺旋導(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)管技術,錐穴孔洞大小(xiao)可以保證蒜(suan)瓣(ban)入(ru)土(tu)(tu)鱗(lin)芽朝上不致于傾(qing)斜,錐形(xing)(xing)螺旋導(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)管的結(jie)構尺(chi)寸大小(xiao)決定了蒜(suan)瓣(ban)入(ru)土(tu)(tu)的鱗(lin)芽朝上率。蒜(suan)瓣(ban)的結(jie)構尺(chi)寸及(ji)重心大概在大頭(tou)根部即總長三分之(zhi)一的地方,蒜(suan)瓣(ban)在錐形(xing)(xing)螺旋導(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)管內的下(xia)落速度和自旋速度越快蒜(suan)瓣(ban)入(ru)土(tu)(tu)的鱗(lin)芽朝上率就越高。
因此(ci)適當改(gai)變(bian)和(he)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)的(de)(de)結構(gou)尺(chi)(chi)寸可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)確保增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)蒜(suan)(suan)瓣入土的(de)(de)鱗(lin)芽(ya)朝(chao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)率,也可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)在(zai)分(fen)種(zhong)器處做(zuo)一個蒜(suan)(suan)瓣彈射器以(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)蒜(suan)(suan)瓣在(zai)在(zai)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)內的(de)(de)下落速(su)度(du)和(he)自(zi)旋(xuan)(xuan)速(su)度(du)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)蒜(suan)(suan)瓣入土的(de)(de)鱗(lin)芽(ya)朝(chao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)率,經過一定的(de)(de)計(ji)算可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)改(gai)變(bian)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)的(de)(de)模型尺(chi)(chi)寸,并且可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)有效的(de)(de)縮小錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)的(de)(de)結構(gou)尺(chi)(chi)寸使(shi)大(da)蒜(suan)(suan)播種(zhong)機結構(gou)尺(chi)(chi)寸使(shi)設計(ji)更(geng)加(jia)緊湊合理,功能更(geng)加(jia)完(wan)善(shan),使(shi)用更(geng)方便。現(xian)推薦未經計(ji)算的(de)(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)的(de)(de)模型實驗尺(chi)(chi)寸:錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)導(dao)種(zhong)管(guan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)設計(ji)為內徑50mm,管(guan)內孔壁要(yao)(yao)平順光滑,錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)直徑800mm,圈高1500mm,圈數(shu)1.25或1.5圈,這樣蒜(suan)(suan)瓣入土的(de)(de)鱗(lin)芽(ya)朝(chao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)數(shu)量可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)大(da)于8成達到9成以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang),基本(ben)上(shang)(shang)(shang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)滿足大(da)蒜(suan)(suan)栽(zai)植鱗(lin)芽(ya)向上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)種(zhong)植要(yao)(yao)求。
大蒜播種機經濟意義
我國大蒜(suan)(suan)種(zhong)植還是以(yi)手工(gong)栽種(zhong)為主(zhu),勞(lao)動強度大,生產效(xiao)率低,每個成(cheng)年勞(lao)動力每天僅(jin)能播種(zhong)133.3m2,每播種(zhong)1畝(mu)的大蒜(suan)(suan)需(xu)要付費150元,成(cheng)本很高,而且在農(nong)忙季節(jie)經(jing)常出(chu)現無(wu)雇工(gong)可用(yong)的現象。
近年(nian)來,大(da)蒜價格持續走高,激發了農民種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)的積極性,大(da)蒜種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積不斷增(zeng)(zeng)加,完(wan)全(quan)的手工勞動顯然無法滿足規模化的種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)需求,同時(shi)也提(ti)高了種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)成本,也將進一步導致大(da)蒜價格繼續上揚。據相關部門統計(ji),我(wo)國農業(ye)機械銷售(shou)量(liang)每年(nian)至少以25%的速度(du)遞增(zeng)(zeng),這也為(wei)項目產品的市場銷售(shou)提(ti)供了機遇。