一、感應水龍頭電磁閥工作原理
感應水龍頭由紅外發射電路、紅外接收放大電路,控制電路、電磁閥、電(dian)(dian)(dian)源組成(cheng)。目前市面上主(zhu)要(yao)有AC交流(liu)工(gong)作(zuo)和DC直(zhi)流(liu)工(gong)作(zuo)兩種規格(ge)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)源裝置。整(zheng)個工(gong)作(zuo)過程(cheng)就是:AC 220V經變壓(ya)器降壓(ya),輸(shu)出AC 6V,再(zai)由整(zheng)流(liu)、濾波、穩壓(ya),得到DC 6V供給(gei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路工(gong)作(zuo);DC 6V直(zhi)接(jie)由4節干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池盒來直(zhi)接(jie)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)作(zuo)。然后(hou)由紅外(wai)發射電(dian)(dian)(dian)路發射紅外(wai)線(xian),經過紅外(wai)接(jie)收電(dian)(dian)(dian)路接(jie)收,再(zai)經過放大選頻,最(zui)后(hou)由控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥的開(kai)啟,從而控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)紅外(wai)感應龍頭的開(kai)啟和關閉(bi)的一個過程(cheng)。那么(me)感應水(shui)龍頭電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥的原理是什么(me)呢?
1、電磁感應原理
它是(shi)將人(ren)視作導體(ti),處于50Hz交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)形成(cheng)的磁(ci)場中時,便會發生電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)應(ying)(ying)現(xian)象,于是(shi)人(ren)體(ti)產生感(gan)應(ying)(ying)電(dian)(dian)流(liu),反作用于原電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)場,從而改變原電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。當這(zhe)一(yi)改變被電(dian)(dian)路(lu)接收到以(yi)后,就(jiu)會通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器放(fang)(fang)放(fang)(fang)水。
2、紅外線接收
人體體溫為37度,高(gao)于室溫時,會(hui)向外輻(fu)(fu)射(she)紅(hong)外線(xian),接收到這個輻(fu)(fu)射(she)的感應器會(hui)使水龍頭流水。
3、紅外線反射
紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)發射(she)(she)管(guan)向水流方向發射(she)(she)出(chu)一(yi)束紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)線,當(dang)手伸(shen)向水龍(long)(long)頭時(shi),紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)線被(bei)(bei)手反(fan)射(she)(she),紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)接(jie)(jie)收(shou)管(guan)接(jie)(jie)收(shou)到(dao)紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)光,并將該信號送入內(nei)部電(dian)路(lu),經內(nei)部電(dian)路(lu)處(chu)理(li)后(hou),接(jie)(jie)通電(dian)磁水龍(long)(long)頭的電(dian)源,水龍(long)(long)頭打(da)開;當(dang)手離開水龍(long)(long)頭時(shi),紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)線不再(zai)被(bei)(bei)反(fan)射(she)(she),電(dian)磁水龍(long)(long)頭電(dian)源被(bei)(bei)關閉,停(ting)止供水。
二、感應水龍頭因電磁閥引起的故障
電磁閥是感應水龍頭核心主件之一(yi),電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)閥(fa)品質決(jue)定感(gan)應水龍(long)頭的質量,有(you)效(xiao)控制電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)閥(fa)合格(ge)率可(ke)降低感(gan)應水龍(long)頭出(chu)廠(chang)故障。電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)閥(fa)結(jie)構(gou)主要(yao)分(fen)為兩大類:電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)閥(fa)線(xian)圈和閥(fa)座(含動鐵(tie)芯、彈簧、閥(fa)蓋、膜片)。目前感(gan)應水龍(long)頭因電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)閥(fa)引起的故障主要(yao)現象為:不(bu)出(chu)水、出(chu)水量小和關不(bu)住水。
電磁閥關不住水、出水量小和關不住水的解決方法是:檢查電磁閥進水端過濾是否有雜質睹塞,如果無,拆開電磁閥內部,取出電磁閥線圈部分含動鐵芯,通過連接感應部分進行感應,如果鐵芯能正常吸合及復位,可確定感應水龍頭電磁閥線圈無質量問題,這樣可以檢查內部部件是否有異常,如膜片是否老化(更換新膜片)、膜片進水孔是否有異物(清洗);將所有部件進行清洗,再原樣裝回。注意裝回電磁閥時檢查電磁閥閥座的黑色O型(xing)墊圈(quan)是否(fou)還(huan)在,必須確定(ding)有(you),否(fou)則(ze)安裝后將產生漏水現象。
目前市場感應水龍頭電磁閥主要電壓為6V、12V、3V。6V和(he)3V主要為脈沖(chong)式電(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa),需(xu)要電(dian)路(lu)給脈沖(chong)才能工作,電(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)的(de)(de)脈寬不同(tong)需(xu)要匹配合適的(de)(de)電(dian)路(lu)。12V電(dian)磁閥(fa)是電(dian)路給(gei)一(yi)定的電(dian)壓工作,它與其它電(dian)磁閥(fa)不同的是,它如終處于常閉狀態,所以一(yi)般采用12V電磁(ci)閥(fa)的感應水(shui)龍頭(tou)關不(bu)住(zhu)水(shui),多為電磁(ci)閥(fa)內部(bu)有雜質;而6V和(he)3V電(dian)磁閥雖然出廠時是(shi)常閉,由于運輸(shu)或遇到一(yi)定(ding)的碰擊,鐵(tie)芯將容易(yi)(yi)被線圈內的磁鐵(tie)吸合,電(dian)磁閥呈(cheng)開啟(qi)狀(zhuang)態,這樣安裝后的感應(ying)水(shui)龍頭,接水(shui)后水(shui)龍頭容易(yi)(yi)出現關(guan)不(bu)住水(shui),往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)以(yi)為是(shi)產品質量有問(wen)題。