【熱繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)】熱繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)工(gong)作原理 熱繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)型號 熱繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)作用

一、熱繼電器工作原理

熱繼電器是用于電動機或其它電氣設備、電氣線(xian)路的過載保護的保護電器。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機在(zai)實際運(yun)行(xing)中(zhong)，如拖動(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)產(chan)機械(xie)進行(xing)工作過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)，若(ruo)機械(xie)出現不(bu)(bu)正常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路異常(chang)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機遇到(dao)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)，則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機轉速(su)下降、繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流將增大，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)溫度升(sheng)高(gao)。若(ruo)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流不(bu)(bu)大且過(guo)(guo)載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間較短，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)不(bu)(bu)超(chao)過(guo)(guo)允(yun)許溫升(sheng)，這(zhe)種(zhong)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)是(shi)(shi)允(yun)許的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。但若(ruo)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)時間長，過(guo)(guo)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫升(sheng)就會超(chao)過(guo)(guo)允(yun)許值，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)老化，縮短電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命，嚴重時甚(shen)至會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)燒毀(hui)。所以(yi)，這(zhe)種(zhong)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機不(bu)(bu)能承(cheng)受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。熱(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器就是(shi)(shi)利(li)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)效應原理，在(zai)出現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機不(bu)(bu)能承(cheng)受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)時切斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機提(ti)供過(guo)(guo)載(zai)保護的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。

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使用熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)器對電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)進行(xing)過載保(bao)護時(shi)，將(jiang)熱(re)(re)元件與電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)定子繞組串(chuan)聯(lian)，將(jiang)熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)常閉觸(chu)(chu)頭串(chuan)聯(lian)在交流(liu)(liu)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)線(xian)圈的(de)(de)控制電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中，并(bing)調(diao)節整定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)調(diao)節旋鈕(niu)，使人字(zi)形(xing)撥(bo)桿(gan)與推(tui)(tui)桿(gan)相(xiang)距一適當距離。當電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)正常工作時(shi)，通過熱(re)(re)元件的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)即(ji)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，熱(re)(re)元件發(fa)熱(re)(re)，雙金屬片受熱(re)(re)后彎曲，使推(tui)(tui)桿(gan)剛好與人字(zi)形(xing)撥(bo)桿(gan)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)，而又不能(neng)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)人字(zi)形(xing)撥(bo)桿(gan)。常閉觸(chu)(chu)頭處于(yu)閉合狀(zhuang)態，交流(liu)(liu)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)器保(bao)持吸合，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)正常運行(xing)。

若電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)出(chu)現過載情況，繞(rao)組中(zhong)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)增(zeng)大，通過熱繼電(dian)器元件(jian)中(zhong)的電(dian)流(liu)(liu)增(zeng)大使雙金屬片溫度(du)升(sheng)得(de)更高，彎曲程度(du)加大，推動(dong)人(ren)字形撥(bo)桿，人(ren)字形撥(bo)桿推動(dong)常閉觸(chu)頭，使觸(chu)頭斷開而斷開交流(liu)(liu)接(jie)觸(chu)器線圈電(dian)路，使接(jie)觸(chu)器釋放、切斷電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的電(dian)源，電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)停車而得(de)到保護。

螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)8是(shi)常(chang)閉(bi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)頭(tou)(tou)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)式(shi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)。當螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置靠左時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機過載后，常(chang)閉(bi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)頭(tou)(tou)斷開(kai)，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機停車(che)后，熱(re)(re)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)雙金(jin)屬片(pian)冷卻復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。常(chang)閉(bi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)頭(tou)(tou)在彈簧的(de)作用下會自動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。此(ci)時(shi)熱(re)(re)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)為(wei)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狀態。將(jiang)螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)逆時(shi)針旋(xuan)轉向右(you)調(diao)(diao)(diao)到一定位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置時(shi)，若(ruo)這時(shi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機過載，熱(re)(re)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)常(chang)閉(bi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)頭(tou)(tou)斷開(kai)。其(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)頭(tou)(tou)將(jiang)擺到右(you)側(ce)一新(xin)的(de)平衡位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機斷電(dian)(dian)停車(che)后，動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)頭(tou)(tou)不能復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。必須按動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)按鈕后動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)頭(tou)(tou)方(fang)能復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。此(ci)時(shi)熱(re)(re)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)為(wei)手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狀態。若(ruo)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機過載是(shi)故障性的(de)，為(wei)了避免(mian)再次輕易(yi)地起動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機，熱(re)(re)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)宜(yi)采(cai)用手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)式(shi)。若(ruo)要將(jiang)熱(re)(re)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)由手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)式(shi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)至(zhi)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)式(shi)，只需將(jiang)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)順時(shi)針旋(xuan)進至(zhi)適(shi)當位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置即可(ke)。

二、熱繼電器型號

NR2熱繼電器(qi)NR2-11.5/Z 0.1-13A、NR2熱繼電器NR2-25G/Z 0.1-10A、NR2熱(re)繼(ji)電器NR2-25G/Z 13-25A、NR2熱(re)繼(ji)電器NR2-36G/Z 23-36A、NR2熱繼電器(qi)NR2-93G/Z 23-80A等。

熱繼電器(qi)選(xuan)型(xing)方法：

1，熱(re)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器的選擇應等于或大于電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的額定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

2，熱繼(ji)電器的(de)額(e)定電流為電動機額(e)定電流的(de)（0.95-1.05）倍。

3，對于(yu)電機(ji)電路(lu)，熱繼電器的(de)整定電流應等于(yu)電機(ji)的(de)額定電流。

4，當(dang)熱繼電器周圍的環境溫(wen)度不是(shi)35℃時，應該設定(ding)為：（95-T）/ 60平方t：環境溫(wen)度。

三、熱繼電器的作用

主要用來(lai)對異步電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)進行過(guo)(guo)載保護，他的(de)(de)工作原理是過(guo)(guo)載電(dian)(dian)流(liu)通過(guo)(guo)熱(re)元件后，使雙(shuang)金屬片(pian)加熱(re)彎曲去(qu)推動(dong)動(dong)作機(ji)構(gou)來(lai)帶動(dong)觸點動(dong)作，從(cong)而將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)控制電(dian)(dian)路斷開(kai)實現電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)斷電(dian)(dian)停車(che)，起到過(guo)(guo)載保護的(de)(de)作用。鑒(jian)于雙(shuang)金屬片(pian)受熱(re)彎曲過(guo)(guo)程中，熱(re)量的(de)(de)傳遞需要較長的(de)(de)時間(jian)，因此，熱(re)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)不能(neng)用作短路保護，而只能(neng)用作過(guo)(guo)載保護熱(re)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)載保護。

熱繼電器其它部分(fen)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)如下：人字(zi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)撥桿的(de)左(zuo)(zuo)臂也用(yong)雙金屬片(pian)制成，當環境(jing)溫度發生(sheng)變化時，主電路中(zhong)的(de)雙金屬片(pian)會產生(sheng)一(yi)定的(de)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)彎曲，這(zhe)時人字(zi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)撥桿的(de)左(zuo)(zuo)臂也會發生(sheng)同方向的(de)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)彎曲，從而(er)使人字(zi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)撥桿與(yu)推桿之間的(de)距離基本保持不變，保證熱繼(ji)電器動作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)準確(que)性。這(zhe)種作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)稱(cheng)溫度補償作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。