【熱(re)繼(ji)(ji)電器(qi)】熱(re)繼(ji)(ji)電器(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)原理(li) 熱(re)繼(ji)(ji)電器(qi)型號 熱(re)繼(ji)(ji)電器(qi)的(de)作(zuo)用

一、熱繼電器工作原理

熱繼電器是用于電動機或其它電氣設備、電(dian)氣線路的(de)過(guo)載(zai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)器。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在實際運行(xing)(xing)中，如拖動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生產機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)進行(xing)(xing)工(gong)作過(guo)(guo)(guo)程中，若(ruo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)出(chu)現不正常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)情況或電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)異常(chang)使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)遇到過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)(zai)，則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)轉速(su)下(xia)降、繞組(zu)(zu)中的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流將增大(da)，使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)繞組(zu)(zu)溫度升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高。若(ruo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流不大(da)且過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)時間較短(duan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)不超過(guo)(guo)(guo)允許溫升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，這種(zhong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)(zai)是允許的(de)(de)(de)。但若(ruo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)(zai)時間長，過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)溫升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就會超過(guo)(guo)(guo)允許值，使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)老化，縮短(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)，嚴(yan)重時甚(shen)至會使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)燒(shao)毀。所以，這種(zhong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)(zai)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不能(neng)承受的(de)(de)(de)。熱(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)就是利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)效應原理，在出(chu)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不能(neng)承受的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)(zai)時切斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)提供過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)(zai)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。

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使(shi)用熱(re)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)進行(xing)過載保(bao)護時，將熱(re)元件與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)定子(zi)繞組串(chuan)聯，將熱(re)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)常(chang)(chang)閉觸(chu)(chu)頭串(chuan)聯在交流接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)器(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁線(xian)圈的(de)(de)控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中，并調節整定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流調節旋(xuan)鈕，使(shi)人字(zi)形撥桿與(yu)推桿相距(ju)一適當(dang)(dang)距(ju)離。當(dang)(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)正常(chang)(chang)工作時，通過熱(re)元件的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流即為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，熱(re)元件發熱(re)，雙金屬片受熱(re)后彎曲，使(shi)推桿剛好與(yu)人字(zi)形撥桿接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)，而又(you)不能(neng)推動(dong)(dong)人字(zi)形撥桿。常(chang)(chang)閉觸(chu)(chu)頭處于閉合狀態，交流接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)器(qi)保(bao)持吸合，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)正常(chang)(chang)運行(xing)。

若(ruo)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)出現過載情況，繞組中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)流增(zeng)大(da)，通(tong)過熱繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)元(yuan)件中(zhong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流增(zeng)大(da)使(shi)雙金屬(shu)片溫度(du)升得更高，彎曲程度(du)加大(da)，推動(dong)(dong)人(ren)字形(xing)撥桿(gan)，人(ren)字形(xing)撥桿(gan)推動(dong)(dong)常閉觸頭(tou)，使(shi)觸頭(tou)斷(duan)開(kai)而斷(duan)開(kai)交流接(jie)觸器(qi)線(xian)圈電(dian)(dian)路(lu)，使(shi)接(jie)觸器(qi)釋放、切斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)電(dian)(dian)源，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)停車而得到保護。

螺(luo)釘(ding)8是(shi)常閉(bi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方式(shi)(shi)調節螺(luo)釘(ding)。當螺(luo)釘(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)靠左時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)載(zai)后，常閉(bi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭斷開，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)停(ting)車后，熱繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)雙(shuang)金屬片冷卻(que)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。常閉(bi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭的動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭在彈簧(huang)的作用(yong)下會自動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。此(ci)時(shi)(shi)熱繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)為(wei)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狀態。將螺(luo)釘(ding)逆(ni)時(shi)(shi)針旋轉向右(you)調到一定位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)，若這時(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)載(zai)，熱繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的常閉(bi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭斷開。其(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭將擺到右(you)側一新的平衡位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)停(ting)車后，動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭不(bu)能復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。必(bi)須按動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)按鈕后動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭方能復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。此(ci)時(shi)(shi)熱繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)為(wei)手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狀態。若電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)載(zai)是(shi)故障性(xing)的，為(wei)了避免(mian)再次輕易地(di)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)，熱繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)宜(yi)采用(yong)手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方式(shi)(shi)。若要將熱繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)由手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方式(shi)(shi)調至自動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方式(shi)(shi)，只(zhi)需將復(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)調節螺(luo)釘(ding)順時(shi)(shi)針旋進至適當位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)即(ji)可(ke)。

二、熱繼電器型號

NR2熱(re)繼電器NR2-11.5/Z 0.1-13A、NR2熱繼電器NR2-25G/Z 0.1-10A、NR2熱繼(ji)電器NR2-25G/Z 13-25A、NR2熱繼電器NR2-36G/Z 23-36A、NR2熱繼電器NR2-93G/Z 23-80A等。

熱繼電器選型方法：

1，熱繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器的(de)選擇應等(deng)于或(huo)大于電(dian)(dian)機的(de)額定電(dian)(dian)流。

2，熱繼電(dian)器的(de)(de)額(e)定電(dian)流為電(dian)動機額(e)定電(dian)流的(de)(de)（0.95-1.05）倍。

3，對于(yu)電(dian)機電(dian)路，熱繼電(dian)器(qi)的(de)整(zheng)定電(dian)流應等于(yu)電(dian)機的(de)額定電(dian)流。

4，當熱繼電器周(zhou)圍的環境溫度不是35℃時，應該設定為：（95-T）/ 60平方t：環(huan)境溫度(du)。

三、熱繼電器的作用

主(zhu)要(yao)用來(lai)對異步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)進行過(guo)(guo)載(zai)保(bao)護，他的(de)工作(zuo)原理(li)是(shi)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通(tong)過(guo)(guo)熱(re)(re)元件后，使雙金屬片加熱(re)(re)彎曲去推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構來(lai)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸點(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)，從而將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)斷(duan)開實現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)停車，起到(dao)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)保(bao)護的(de)作(zuo)用。鑒于雙金屬片受熱(re)(re)彎曲過(guo)(guo)程中，熱(re)(re)量的(de)傳遞需要(yao)較長的(de)時間，因此，熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器不能(neng)用作(zuo)短路(lu)(lu)保(bao)護，而只能(neng)用作(zuo)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)保(bao)護熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)過(guo)(guo)載(zai)保(bao)護。

熱繼電器其它部分的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用如下：人字形(xing)撥(bo)桿(gan)的(de)(de)左(zuo)臂也用雙金(jin)屬片制(zhi)成，當環境溫(wen)度發生變(bian)化時(shi)(shi)，主(zhu)電(dian)路(lu)中的(de)(de)雙金(jin)屬片會產生一定的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)彎(wan)(wan)曲(qu)，這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)人字形(xing)撥(bo)桿(gan)的(de)(de)左(zuo)臂也會發生同方向的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)彎(wan)(wan)曲(qu)，從而使(shi)人字形(xing)撥(bo)桿(gan)與推桿(gan)之間的(de)(de)距(ju)離基本保持不(bu)變(bian)，保證熱繼電(dian)器(qi)動作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)準確性。這(zhe)種作(zuo)(zuo)用稱溫(wen)度補償作(zuo)(zuo)用。