【熱繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)】熱繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)工作原(yuan)理 熱繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)型號 熱繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)的作用(yong)

一、熱繼電器工作原理

熱繼電器是用于電動機或其它電氣設備、電(dian)氣線路的過載保(bao)護的保(bao)護電(dian)器。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)在實際運行中，如(ru)拖(tuo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)產(chan)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)進行工作過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程中，若機(ji)(ji)械(xie)出(chu)現(xian)不正常(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)情況或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路異常(chang)(chang)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)遇到過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)，則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)轉速下(xia)降、繞(rao)組中的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)將增大，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)繞(rao)組溫度升(sheng)高。若過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不大且(qie)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間較短(duan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組不超(chao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)允許溫升(sheng)，這種過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)是(shi)允許的(de)(de)(de)。但若過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)時(shi)間長，過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組的(de)(de)(de)溫升(sheng)就會超(chao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)允許值，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組老化，縮短(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)，嚴重時(shi)甚至會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組燒毀。所以，這種過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)不能承(cheng)受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)。熱繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器就是(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)熱效(xiao)應原理(li)，在出(chu)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)不能承(cheng)受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)時(shi)切斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)提供過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。

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使用熱繼電(dian)(dian)器對電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)進行過載(zai)保(bao)護時(shi)，將熱元件(jian)與電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的定子繞(rao)組串聯(lian)，將熱繼電(dian)(dian)器的常閉觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭串聯(lian)在交流(liu)(liu)(liu)接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)器的電(dian)(dian)磁線(xian)圈的控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中，并調節整定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)調節旋(xuan)鈕，使人字形撥桿(gan)(gan)與推桿(gan)(gan)相距一適當(dang)距離。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)正常工作時(shi)，通過熱元件(jian)的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)即為電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的額定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，熱元件(jian)發熱，雙(shuang)金屬(shu)片受熱后彎曲，使推桿(gan)(gan)剛(gang)好與人字形撥桿(gan)(gan)接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)，而又不能(neng)推動(dong)人字形撥桿(gan)(gan)。常閉觸(chu)(chu)(chu)頭處(chu)于閉合狀態，交流(liu)(liu)(liu)接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)器保(bao)持吸合，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)正常運行。

若電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機出現(xian)過(guo)載情況，繞組中電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)增(zeng)大，通(tong)過(guo)熱繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)元件中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)增(zeng)大使雙金屬片溫度升得(de)更高(gao)，彎曲程(cheng)度加大，推動人字形撥(bo)桿，人字形撥(bo)桿推動常閉(bi)觸(chu)(chu)頭，使觸(chu)(chu)頭斷(duan)開而斷(duan)開交流(liu)接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)器(qi)線圈電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，使接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)器(qi)釋放(fang)、切(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機的電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機停車而得(de)到保護(hu)。

螺(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)8是(shi)常(chang)閉觸頭(tou)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)式調(diao)(diao)節螺(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)。當(dang)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)靠(kao)左時(shi)，電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)過(guo)載(zai)后，常(chang)閉觸頭(tou)斷(duan)開，電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)停車后，熱(re)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)雙金屬(shu)片(pian)冷卻復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。常(chang)閉觸頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸頭(tou)在彈簧的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下會(hui)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。此時(shi)熱(re)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)狀態。將螺(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)逆時(shi)針(zhen)旋轉向(xiang)右調(diao)(diao)到(dao)一(yi)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)時(shi)，若(ruo)這時(shi)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)過(guo)載(zai)，熱(re)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)常(chang)閉觸頭(tou)斷(duan)開。其動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸頭(tou)將擺到(dao)右側(ce)一(yi)新的(de)(de)(de)平衡(heng)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)。電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)斷(duan)電(dian)停車后，動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸頭(tou)不能復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。必須按動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)按鈕后動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸頭(tou)方(fang)能復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。此時(shi)熱(re)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為手動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)狀態。若(ruo)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)過(guo)載(zai)是(shi)故(gu)障性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)，為了避(bi)免再次輕易地起動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)，熱(re)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)宜采用手動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)式。若(ruo)要將熱(re)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)由手動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)式調(diao)(diao)至(zhi)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)式，只需(xu)將復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)調(diao)(diao)節螺(luo)(luo)(luo)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)順時(shi)針(zhen)旋進至(zhi)適當(dang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)即可。

二、熱繼電器型號

NR2熱(re)繼(ji)電器NR2-11.5/Z 0.1-13A、NR2熱(re)繼電器NR2-25G/Z 0.1-10A、NR2熱繼電器NR2-25G/Z 13-25A、NR2熱繼(ji)電器(qi)NR2-36G/Z 23-36A、NR2熱繼電(dian)器(qi)NR2-93G/Z 23-80A等。

熱繼(ji)電器選(xuan)型方法(fa)：

1，熱繼(ji)電器的選擇應(ying)等于(yu)或大于(yu)電機(ji)的額(e)定電流。

2，熱繼電器的額(e)定電流為電動機(ji)額(e)定電流的（0.95-1.05）倍。

3，對(dui)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)機電(dian)(dian)路，熱繼電(dian)(dian)器的整定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)應等于(yu)電(dian)(dian)機的額定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

4，當熱(re)繼電器周(zhou)圍的環境(jing)溫度不是35℃時，應該設定為：（95-T）/ 60平(ping)方t：環境溫度。

三、熱繼電器的作用

主(zhu)要用(yong)來對異步電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)進(jin)行過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)保護(hu)，他的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)原理(li)是(shi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)電(dian)流通過(guo)(guo)(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)元件后，使(shi)雙金屬片加熱(re)(re)(re)彎曲去推動(dong)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)機(ji)構來帶(dai)動(dong)觸(chu)點動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)，從而將電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)控制電(dian)路斷開(kai)實現電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)斷電(dian)停車，起(qi)到(dao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)保護(hu)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。鑒(jian)于雙金屬片受(shou)熱(re)(re)(re)彎曲過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中，熱(re)(re)(re)量(liang)的(de)傳遞需要較長的(de)時間，因此，熱(re)(re)(re)繼電(dian)器不(bu)能用(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)短路保護(hu)，而只能用(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)保護(hu)熱(re)(re)(re)繼電(dian)器的(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)保護(hu)。

熱繼電器其它部分的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用如下：人字形撥(bo)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)左臂也(ye)用雙金屬(shu)片(pian)制成，當環境溫度發生(sheng)變(bian)化時，主電(dian)路(lu)中的(de)(de)雙金屬(shu)片(pian)會(hui)產生(sheng)一(yi)定的(de)(de)變(bian)形彎曲，這時人字形撥(bo)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)左臂也(ye)會(hui)發生(sheng)同方向的(de)(de)變(bian)形彎曲，從而(er)使人字形撥(bo)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)與(yu)推桿(gan)(gan)(gan)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)距離(li)基本保(bao)持不變(bian)，保(bao)證熱繼電(dian)器動作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)準確性。這種作(zuo)(zuo)用稱溫度補償作(zuo)(zuo)用。