一、污水源熱泵機組是什么?
污水源熱泵機組是污(wu)水源(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)泵系統當中(zhong)(zhong)的重要組(zu)成部分,污(wu)水源(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)泵機組(zu)是污(wu)水資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)利(li)用的一(yi)(yi)種方式(shi),主要利(li)用城市污(wu)水冬暖夏(xia)涼的特(te)點,在冬季通過熱(re)泵裝(zhuang)置提取(qu)城市污(wu)水當中(zhong)(zhong)所蘊含的熱(re)能資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan),連(lian)同所消耗的能量一(yi)(yi)起傳遞給建筑物,達到供熱(re)的目的;同樣,夏(xia)季利(li)用污(wu)水源(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)泵機組(zu)也可(ke)以從高溫的環(huan)境當中(zhong)(zhong)吸(xi)熱(re),并把(ba)熱(re)量釋放(fang)到污(wu)水當中(zhong)(zhong),達到制冷的效(xiao)果。
與(yu)(yu)其他熱(re)源相比(bi),污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源熱(re)泵系統的技術關鍵和難點在(zai)于防堵塞、防污(wu)染(ran)與(yu)(yu)防腐蝕。污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源熱(re)泵機組應用(yong)到直(zhi)接(jie)式污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源熱(re)泵系統中,實現了(le)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)直(zhi)接(jie)利用(yong),提高了(le)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源熱(re)量的利用(yong)率。污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)側換熱(re)器(qi)采用(yong)海軍銅,解決了(le)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)對熱(re)泵機組的污(wu)染(ran)與(yu)(yu)腐蝕問題。
二、污水源熱泵機組工作原理
制(zhi)冷原理:制(zhi)冷劑在蒸(zheng)發(fa)器(qi)內吸熱蒸(zheng)發(fa),制(zhi)取(qu)冷水(shui)進入房間使用(yong),制(zhi)冷劑在經過壓(ya)縮(suo)機壓(ya)縮(suo)成高溫(wen)高壓(ya)的(de)過熱蒸(zheng)汽進入到(dao)冷凝器(qi),由污水(shui)帶走(zou)熱量(liang)并回到(dao)污水(shui)干渠當中。
制熱(re)(re)原理:蒸發器(qi)(qi)變成(cheng)(cheng)冷(leng)凝器(qi)(qi),冷(leng)凝器(qi)(qi)變成(cheng)(cheng)蒸發器(qi)(qi)。制冷(leng)劑(ji)在蒸發器(qi)(qi)內吸收污(wu)水(shui)(shui)熱(re)(re)量蒸發,污(wu)水(shui)(shui)回至污(wu)水(shui)(shui)干渠中;制冷(leng)劑(ji)在經過(guo)壓(ya)縮機壓(ya)縮成(cheng)(cheng)高溫高壓(ya)的(de)過(guo)熱(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)汽進入冷(leng)凝器(qi)(qi),加熱(re)(re)循環水(shui)(shui),制取(qu)熱(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)。
三、污水源熱泵機組工作流程
污(wu)(wu)水(shui)由一級污(wu)(wu)水(shui)泵(beng)提(ti)升至機(ji)房,經過智能污(wu)(wu)水(shui)防阻機(ji)過濾(lv)后,進入(ru)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)源(yuan)熱(re)泵(beng)機(ji)組(zu);被熱(re)泵(beng)機(ji)組(zu)提(ti)溫(或(huo)降溫)后的污(wu)(wu)水(shui)重新流過智能污(wu)(wu)水(shui)防阻機(ji)并攜帶污(wu)(wu)雜(za)物回到污(wu)(wu)水(shui)干渠中。污(wu)(wu)水(shui)源(yuan)熱(re)泵(beng)機(ji)組(zu)對(dui)末(mo)端系統進行制冷(或(huo)供暖)。
四、污水源熱泵機組優點
污水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)機(ji)組(zu)與(yu)(yu)原生(sheng)(sheng)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)機(ji)組(zu)在實(shi)現了污水(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)原生(sheng)(sheng)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)接(jie)利用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)同時并與(yu)(yu)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)智能(neng)防阻(zu)機(ji)相(xiang)結(jie)合(he)組(zu)成直(zhi)接(jie)式污水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。與(yu)(yu)間接(jie)式污水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)相(xiang)比較:直(zhi)接(jie)式污水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)運行費用(yong)降低(di)10%左右,初(chu)投資減少(shao)15%左右,占(zhan)地面積減少(shao)30%左右。與(yu)(yu)空氣(qi)熱(re)(re)(re)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)及其它傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)空調方式比較,污水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)率大約高30~40%。冬季(ji),城市污水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度遠高于(yu)室外氣(qi)溫(wen),污水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)用(yong)于(yu)供熱(re)(re)(re)時的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)系(xi)數(COP)可高達5以上,遠高于(yu)普通風冷空調。
污(wu)水源熱(re)泵(beng)機組的離心式污(wu)水換熱(re)器,防堵、防腐防垢、換熱(re)效率好(hao),有效減低(di)壓損,無流動死角。
智(zhi)能自(zi)清(qing)防堵(du)塞熱能采(cai)(cai)(cai)集(ji)器采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)新型(xing)特殊材料及(ji)表面處理技術,有效(xiao)解(jie)決(jue)防腐和結垢的(de)問題;在設計上(shang),污(wu)水源智(zhi)能自(zi)清(qing)采(cai)(cai)(cai)集(ji)器改變了(le)業界在污(wu)水利用(yong)上(shang)選擇過濾器的(de)路線,采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)純逆流換熱方式迅速提升換熱效(xiao)率,解(jie)決(jue)了(le)污(wu)水的(de)應(ying)用(yong)的(de)堵(du)塞難題。
五、污水源熱泵機組應用因素
污水(shui)源(yuan)熱泵(beng)機組是一種以消耗少(shao)量的高(gao)品位能源(yuan)為代價,能將大(da)量無用(yong)的低溫熱能變為有(you)用(yong)的高(gao)溫熱能的制冷供暖的裝(zhuang)置系統(tong),污水(shui)源(yuan)熱泵(beng)技術應用(yong)主(zhu)要取(qu)決(jue)于那幾個重要因素(su)?
1.能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)因素:包括能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)價格(電能(neng)(neng)、煤、油、燃氣等的(de)比價)和能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)豐富性。當不同能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)間的(de)比價合(he)理或者能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)緊張(zhang)時(shi),污(wu)水源(yuan)(yuan)熱泵機(ji)組技術就有(you)較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)發展大環境。
2.環境因素:當出于環境保護的考慮,對(dui)其他制(zhi)熱(re)方式(如(ru)燃煤制(zhi)取熱(re)能(neng))有嚴格限(xian)制(zhi)時,原(yuan)生(sheng)污水(shui)源熱(re)泵技術就(jiu)具有更大的應用空間(jian)。
3.技(ji)(ji)術(shu)因素:包括通過(guo)熱(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)循環(huan)、部件、工質的改進(jin)提(ti)高(gao)污(wu)水源熱(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)機組(zu)運行(xing)效率,利用材料(liao)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)簡(jian)(jian)化熱(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)結構、降(jiang)低熱(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)造價,利用測(ce)控技(ji)(ji)術(shu)提(ti)高(gao)熱(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)的可靠性和操作維護的簡(jian)(jian)易性等,可是熱(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)比其他簡(jian)(jian)單(dan)加熱(re)(re)方式具(ju)有更強的綜合競爭優勢。
4.低溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)源(yuan)(yuan):原生污(wu)水源(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)技術與其他(ta)簡單加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)方法不同點之一是(shi)(shi)必須要有低溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)源(yuan)(yuan)。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度越高,對提(ti)高污(wu)水源(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)機(ji)組的(de)(de)性能和應(ying)用(yong)優(you)勢(shi)約有利。優(you)勢(shi)能否(fou)有合適的(de)(de)低溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)源(yuan)(yuan),甚(shen)至是(shi)(shi)決(jue)定熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)技術應(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)關鍵因素,因此,利用(yong)相關領(ling)域的(de)(de)先進技術,拓展原生污(wu)水源(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)的(de)(de)低溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)源(yuan)(yuan),也是(shi)(shi)促進熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)技術應(ying)用(yong)和發展的(de)(de)重要因素。
5.引用領域的開發:污水源熱泵機組已(yi)經應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)供暖、制冷、制取(qu)熱(re)(re)水(shui)、干燥、種植、以及人工溫室等(deng)各(ge)個領(ling)(ling)域。進(jin)一(yi)步了解不同產品生產工藝(yi)中(zhong)的熱(re)(re)需求(qiu)。并將(jiang)熱(re)(re)泵(beng)技(ji)術和工藝(yi)有機結合,可為熱(re)(re)泵(beng)拓展更多的應(ying)用(yong)(yong)領(ling)(ling)域。