電梯變頻器工作原理

現在電梯都是用變頻器來(lai)控制，當(dang)變(bian)頻器出故(gu)障就會給很(hen)多人帶來(lai)不便，如(ru)果(guo)維(wei)修人員能(neng)正(zheng)確理解電梯變(bian)頻器原(yuan)理，那么維(wei)修就得容(rong)易了。

VVVF 是 Variable Voltage and Variable Frequency 的縮寫，意(yi)為改(gai)變電(dian)壓和改(gai)變頻率，也就是人們(men)所說的變壓變頻。

CVCF 是 Constant Voltage and Constant Frequency 的縮寫，意為恒(heng)電壓、恒(heng)頻(pin)(pin)率，也就(jiu)是人們所說的恒(heng)壓恒(heng)頻(pin)(pin)。

我們使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)分為交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)大多(duo)是(shi)由交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)通過變壓(ya)器變壓(ya)，整流(liu)濾(lv)波后得(de)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)。交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)在人們使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)中占總使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)95％左右。無論(lun)是(shi)用(yong)于家(jia)庭還是(shi)用(yong)于工(gong)廠，單(dan)(dan)相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)三(san)相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)(he)頻率均按各國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規定有(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準，如(ru)我國(guo)大陸(lu)規定，直接用(yong)戶單(dan)(dan)相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為220V，三(san)相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為380V，頻率為50Hz，其它國(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)(he)頻率可能于我國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)(he)頻率不同，如(ru)有(you)單(dan)(dan)相(xiang)100V/60Hz，三(san)相(xiang)200V/60Hz等等，標(biao)準的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)(he)頻率的(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)叫工(gong)頻交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"小含"提供，版權聲明反饋

通常，把(ba)(ba)電(dian)壓和(he)頻(pin)(pin)率固定不變(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)工頻(pin)(pin)交(jiao)流電(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)換(huan)(huan)為(wei)電(dian)壓或頻(pin)(pin)率可變(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)交(jiao)流電(dian)的(de)(de)裝置(zhi)稱(cheng)作“變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器”。為(wei)了產生可變(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)電(dian)壓和(he)頻(pin)(pin)率，該設(she)備(bei)首先(xian)要把(ba)(ba)電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)交(jiao)流電(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)換(huan)(huan)為(wei)直流電(dian)（DC），這個過(guo)程叫(jiao)整流。把(ba)(ba)直流電(dian)（DC）變(bian)(bian)(bian)換(huan)(huan)為(wei)交(jiao)流電(dian)（AC）的(de)(de)裝置(zhi)，其(qi)科學術語為(wei)“inverter”(逆變(bian)(bian)(bian)器)。一(yi)般逆變(bian)(bian)(bian)器是把(ba)(ba)直流電(dian)源(yuan)逆變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)一(yi)定的(de)(de)固定頻(pin)(pin)率和(he)一(yi)定電(dian)壓的(de)(de)逆變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)源(yuan)。對于逆變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)頻(pin)(pin)率可調、電(dian)壓可調的(de)(de)逆變(bian)(bian)(bian)器我們稱(cheng)為(wei)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器。

變頻器輸出的波形是模擬正弦波，主要是用在三相異步電動機調速用，又叫變頻調速器。對于主要用在儀器儀表的(de)(de)檢測設備中(zhong)的(de)(de)波(bo)形(xing)要求較高的(de)(de)可變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)率逆變(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)，要對波(bo)形(xing)進行整理，可以輸出(chu)標準的(de)(de)正(zheng)弦(xian)波(bo)，叫(jiao)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)電源。一般(ban)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)電源是(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)價格(ge)的(de)(de)15－－20倍。由于變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)設備中(zhong)產(chan)生變(bian)(bian)(bian)化的(de)(de)電壓或頻(pin)(pin)率的(de)(de)主要裝置叫(jiao)“inverter”，故該(gai)產(chan)品(pin)本身就(jiu)被命(ming)名為“inverter”，即：變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)。

變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)也(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。使用(yong)(yong)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)中，不僅(jin)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)（例(li)如空調(diao)等(deng)），還有熒光(guang)燈等(deng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)控(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)，既可(ke)(ke)(ke)以改變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，又可(ke)(ke)(ke)以改變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)。但用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)熒光(guang)燈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)主要用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)調(diao)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)源供電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)。汽車上使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)）產(chan)(chan)生交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設備也(ye)以“inverter”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名稱(cheng)進行出售(shou)。變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作原理(li)被廣泛(fan)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)各個(ge)領域。例(li)如計算機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，在該項應用(yong)(yong)中，變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)抑(yi)制反向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)動(dong)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瞬(shun)間斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

電梯變頻器維修與保養

1、電(dian)梯電(dian)氣室溫度不能太高(gao)，否則變頻器元件容(rong)易老化，最好(hao)裝有空調，效(xiao)果相當(dang)不錯！

2、防止雨水(shui)淋(lin)濕(shi)，通常是在刮(gua)臺風時，窗門被風吹壞而使變頻器淋(lin)到雨水(shui)。

3、防雷(lei)電(dian)，這個(ge)就關(guan)系(xi)到(dao)整棟(dong)樓或整個(ge)小區防雷(lei)設施問(wen)題，被雷(lei)擊的變頻器一般損(sun)壞嚴重。

4、變頻器的(de)散熱風扇(shan)要定時清塵，發現(xian)其有響聲或不運轉就要更換。

5、電(dian)梯電(dian)機(ji)有(you)(you)不正(zheng)常(chang)響聲(sheng)通常(chang)是變頻器有(you)(you)問題(ti)，如電(dian)機(ji)三相電(dian)流不平衡(heng)，這時最好(hao)就(jiu)要(yao)維修(xiu)(xiu)，等到變頻器完全不行則(ze)損(sun)壞可能比(bi)較嚴重。如果自(zi)己沒(mei)有(you)(you)維修(xiu)(xiu)經驗就(jiu)不要(yao)自(zi)己維修(xiu)(xiu)，避免把變頻器弄得(de)更壞。