【三相變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)】三相變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)原理(li) 三相變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的應用

三相變壓器原理

很多人可能不是很明白三相變壓器，其實三相變電器被廣泛用于工礦企業、郵電、紡織、鐵路、建筑工地、學校、醫院、賓館、國防、科研等部門的電子計算機的交流穩壓電源。同時也適(shi)用于電(dian)源電(dian)壓低、波(bo)動幅度(du)大的低壓配電(dian)。這邊來(lai)介紹下(xia)他的原理(li)和功能，可以一起來(lai)了解一下(xia)。

三相(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是3個相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量單相(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)組合(he)。它有(you)三個鐵芯(xin)柱，每個鐵芯(xin)柱都繞(rao)(rao)著同(tong)一(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)2個線圈(quan)(quan)，一(yi)個是高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線圈(quan)(quan)，另一(yi)個是低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線圈(quan)(quan)。三相(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是產生(sheng)(sheng)幅(fu)值相(xiang)(xiang)等(deng)、頻(pin)率(lv)相(xiang)(xiang)等(deng)、相(xiang)(xiang)位互差120°電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)三相(xiang)(xiang)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)；以三相(xiang)(xiang)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)三相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)；以三相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)三相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路。U、V、W稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)三相(xiang)(xiang)，相(xiang)(xiang)與相(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei)380V.相(xiang)(xiang)與中心線之(zhi)間(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是220V.三相(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)原(yuan)理：變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)基本工(gong)作(zuo)原(yuan)理是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感應原(yuan)理。當交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)加到一(yi)次(ci)(ci)側(ce)繞(rao)(rao)組后(hou)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)入該繞(rao)(rao)組就產生(sheng)(sheng)勵磁(ci)作(zuo)用(yong)，在鐵芯(xin)中產生(sheng)(sheng)交(jiao)變(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)通(tong)，這個交(jiao)變(bian)(bian)(bian)磁(ci)通(tong)不僅穿(chuan)過一(yi)次(ci)(ci)側(ce)繞(rao)(rao)組，同(tong)時(shi)也穿(chuan)過二次(ci)(ci)側(ce)繞(rao)(rao)組，它分別(bie)在兩個繞(rao)(rao)組中引起感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)(shi)。這時(shi)如果二次(ci)(ci)側(ce)與外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)負載(zai)接通(tong)，便有(you)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)出，于是輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)條件(jian)、安裝場所，有(you)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)級(ji)和(he)容(rong)量級(ji)別(bie)，有(you)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)形式和(he)冷卻方式，所以應按不同(tong)原(yuan)則進行(xing)分類。變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（又可分為(wei)(wei)升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、廠用(yong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)）、特種變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爐(lu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、整流(liu)(liu)(liu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)焊變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)）、儀用(yong)互感器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)互感器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)互感器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)）、試驗用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)奪變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)。

以上內容就是講解的相關知識(shi)，能夠更(geng)加深入地了(le)解三相變壓器。

雖然變壓器有不(bu)同的(de)(de)種(zhong)類和(he)結(jie)構形式，但它(ta)們的(de)(de)基本工作原理(li)是相同的(de)(de)，都是根據；動電生(sheng)(sheng)磁(ci)和(he)磁(ci)動生(sheng)(sheng)電的(de)(de)電磁(ci)感應原理(li)工作的(de)(de)呢。

三相變壓器的應用

三(san)相變壓器(qi)廣泛適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)交(jiao)流50Hz至60Hz，電(dian)壓660V以下的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)路(lu)中，廣泛用(yong)(yong)于(yu)進口重要設備(bei)、精密機床、機械(xie)電(dian)子設備(bei)、醫療(liao)設備(bei)、整流裝置，照明等。產品的(de)(de)(de)各種輸入、輸出電(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)高低、聯接組別、調節(jie)抽頭的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)少及位置（一(yi)般(ban)為±5%）、繞(rao)組容(rong)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)分配、次級單相繞(rao)組的(de)(de)(de)配備(bei)、整流電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)、是否要求帶(dai)外殼等，均可根據用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)要求進行精心的(de)(de)(de)設計與(yu)制造。