【單相電度表】單相電度表電的接(jie)線方法(fa) 單相電度表的工(gong)作原理

目前來說電度表是(shi)每家每戶必(bi)須安裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)，單(dan)相電度(du)表(biao)(biao)是(shi)電度(du)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)，是(shi)用來測量電能的(de)(de)儀表(biao)(biao)，又稱(cheng)電度(du)表(biao)(biao)，火表(biao)(biao)，電能表(biao)(biao)，千(qian)瓦(wa)小(xiao)時表(biao)(biao)，指(zhi)測量各種(zhong)電學(xue)量的(de)(de)儀表(biao)(biao)。在生(sheng)活中，很多人都(dou)會(hui)遇到不(bu)知道電表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)接法(fa)這樣的(de)(de)事，下(xia)面小(xiao)編就來為您講解下(xia)單(dan)相電度(du)表(biao)(biao)接線方法(fa)，一起(qi)來學(xue)習下(xia)吧。

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單相電度表知識介紹

單(dan)相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)的一(yi)種，電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)主要結構(gou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線圈(quan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)線圈(quan)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)盤(pan)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸(zhou)、制動磁鐵、齒(chi)輪、計度(du)器(qi)等組(zu)成。單(dan)相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)，則一(yi)般是(shi)(shi)(shi)民用，接220V的設(she)備(bei)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)線圈(quan)在(zai)鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)上產(chan)生的渦(wo)流(liu)與交變磁通相(xiang)互作用產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁力，使鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動，同(tong)時引入制動力矩，使鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速與負(fu)載功率成正(zheng)比，通過(guo)軸(zhou)向齒(chi)輪傳動，由(you)計度(du)器(qi)積算(suan)出(chu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)盤(pan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)數而測定出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)。

單相電度表工作原理：

當電(dian)(dian)度(du)表接入被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路(lu)后(hou)，被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓U加(jia)在電(dian)(dian)壓線圈上，在其鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成一(yi)(yi)個(ge)交變(bian)(bian)的(de)磁通(tong)，這(zhe)個(ge)磁通(tong)的(de)一(yi)(yi)部分ΦU由(you)回磁極穿(chuan)過(guo)鋁(lv)盤到回到電(dian)(dian)壓線圈的(de)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)中(zhong)(zhong);同(tong)理，被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)流I通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)流線圈后(hou)，也要在電(dian)(dian)流線圈的(de)U形(xing)(xing)(xing)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成一(yi)(yi)個(ge)交變(bian)(bian)磁通(tong)Φi，這(zhe)個(ge)磁通(tong)由(you)U形(xing)(xing)(xing)成鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)的(de)一(yi)(yi)端由(you)下至上穿(chuan)過(guo)鋁(lv)盤，然后(hou)又由(you)上至下穿(chuan)過(guo)鋁(lv)盤回到U形(xing)(xing)(xing)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)的(de)另一(yi)(yi)端。

其中(zhong)回磁(ci)板(ban)4是(shi)由鋼板(ban)沖(chong)制而成的(de)(de)，它的(de)(de)下端伸入(ru)鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)下部，與隔著鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)和電壓(ya)部件的(de)(de)鐵芯柱相(xiang)對(dui)應(ying)，以便(bian)構成電壓(ya)線(xian)圈工作(zuo)磁(ci)通(tong)的(de)(de)回路。由于穿(chuan)過鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)的(de)(de)兩(liang)個磁(ci)通(tong)是(shi)交流(liu)磁(ci)通(tong)，而且是(shi)在不同位(wei)置(zhi)穿(chuan)過鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)，因此就在各(ge)自穿(chuan)過鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)的(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)附近產(chan)(chan)生感應(ying)渦(wo)流(liu)，兩(liang)個磁(ci)通(tong)與這些(xie)渦(wo)流(liu)的(de)(de)相(xiang)互作(zuo)用，便(bian)在鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)上產(chan)(chan)生推動(dong)鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)轉(zhuan)動(dong)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)動(dong)力矩。

單相電度表接線方法：

電度表的(de)接線方法(fa)有兩種(zhong)：跳入式接法(fa)和順入式接法(fa);

這(zhe)兩(liang)種接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)方法(fa)從(cong)表(biao)面上看不大一(yi)樣，其內部原理(li)是相同的(de)(de)，即電(dian)流表(biao)的(de)(de)電(dian)流線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈串入負(fu)載回路中，而電(dian)壓線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈與負(fu)載并聯，兩(liang)個線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈的(de)(de)“*”端應接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)源的(de)(de)同一(yi)極性(xing)端。一(yi)般(ban)單相電(dian)度表(biao)有(you)專門的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)盒(he)，打(da)開盒(he)蓋看到(dao)有(you)四個接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端鈕(niu)，實(shi)際(ji)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)采用(yong)哪(na)種方法(fa)，要根據電(dian)度表(biao)說明書中的(de)(de)規(gui)定進行。

在(zai)低(di)壓小電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)可(ke)以直(zhi)接(jie)接(jie)在(zai)線(xian)路(lu)上。若負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)大或電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓很(hen)高，則(ze)應通(tong)過互感(gan)器才能接(jie)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。此時電(dian)(dian)(dian)流互感(gan)器的(de)一次(ci)側(ce)與(yu)(yu)負(fu)載(zai)串聯(lian)，次(ci)級(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流線(xian)圈串聯(lian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓互感(gan)器的(de)初級(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)負(fu)載(zai)并聯(lian)，次(ci)級(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓線(xian)圈并聯(lian)。

單相電度表使用方法

1、合理選擇電(dian)(dian)度表：一是根據任務選擇單相或三相電(dian)(dian)度表。對于三相電(dian)(dian)度表，應根據被(bei)測線(xian)路(lu)是三相三線(xian)制還(huan)是三相四線(xian)制來選擇。二是額(e)定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)流的選擇，必須(xu)使負載電(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)流等于或小于其額(e)定(ding)(ding)值。

2、安裝電度表：電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)通常與配電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)一起(qi)，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)應該(gai)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置的下方，其中心距地面1.5~1.8米處;并(bing)列安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)多只電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)時，兩表(biao)(biao)間距不得(de)小于(yu)200毫(hao)米;不同電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)的用電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)應該(gai)分別裝(zhuang)(zhuang)表(biao)(biao);同一電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)的用電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)應該(gai)合并(bing)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)表(biao)(biao);安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)時，必須使表(biao)(biao)身(shen)與地面垂(chui)直(zhi)，否則會影響其準確度(du)(du)。

3、正確接(jie)線(xian)(xian)：要根據(ju)說明書的(de)要求和(he)接(jie)線(xian)(xian)圖把進線(xian)(xian)和(he)出線(xian)(xian)依(yi)次對號接(jie)在電(dian)(dian)度表的(de)出線(xian)(xian)頭上(shang);接(jie)線(xian)(xian)時注意電(dian)(dian)源的(de)相(xiang)序關系(xi)，特別是無功電(dian)(dian)度表更要注意相(xiang)序;接(jie)線(xian)(xian)完畢后(hou)，要反復查對無誤后(hou)才能合閘使用。