【單相電度表】單相電度表電的(de)接線(xian)方(fang)法 單相電度表的(de)工作原(yuan)理

目前來說電度表是每家每戶必(bi)須(xu)安裝的(de)，單(dan)相電(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)(biao)是電(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)(biao)的(de)一種，是用來測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)儀表(biao)(biao)，又稱電(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)(biao)，火表(biao)(biao)，電(dian)(dian)能(neng)表(biao)(biao)，千瓦(wa)小(xiao)時表(biao)(biao)，指測量(liang)各種電(dian)(dian)學量(liang)的(de)儀表(biao)(biao)。在生活(huo)中，很(hen)多人都會遇(yu)到不知道電(dian)(dian)表(biao)(biao)的(de)接(jie)法這樣的(de)事，下面小(xiao)編就來為您講解下單(dan)相電(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)(biao)接(jie)線方法，一起來學習下吧。

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單相電度表知識介紹

單相電(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)是(shi)電(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)的(de)一種，電(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)主要結構(gou)是(shi)由電(dian)壓線(xian)圈、電(dian)流線(xian)圈、轉盤、轉軸、制(zhi)動(dong)磁鐵、齒(chi)輪、計(ji)度(du)(du)器等組成。單相電(dian)表(biao)(biao)，則一般是(shi)民用(yong)，接220V的(de)設備。電(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)是(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)壓和電(dian)流線(xian)圈在鋁盤上產生(sheng)的(de)渦流與交(jiao)變磁通相互作(zuo)用(yong)產生(sheng)電(dian)磁力，使鋁盤轉動(dong)，同時(shi)引入制(zhi)動(dong)力矩(ju)，使鋁盤轉速與負載功率成正比，通過軸向齒(chi)輪傳動(dong)，由計(ji)度(du)(du)器積算出轉盤轉數而測定出電(dian)能。

單相電度表工作原理：

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)度表(biao)接入被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)路后，被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)U加在電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)線圈(quan)(quan)上(shang)(shang)，在其(qi)鐵(tie)(tie)芯中(zhong)形成(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)交(jiao)變的(de)磁通，這個(ge)(ge)磁通的(de)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)ΦU由(you)(you)回(hui)磁極(ji)穿過(guo)鋁盤到回(hui)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)線圈(quan)(quan)的(de)鐵(tie)(tie)芯中(zhong);同理，被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)流I通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流線圈(quan)(quan)后，也要在電(dian)(dian)(dian)流線圈(quan)(quan)的(de)U形鐵(tie)(tie)芯中(zhong)形成(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)交(jiao)變磁通Φi，這個(ge)(ge)磁通由(you)(you)U形成(cheng)鐵(tie)(tie)芯的(de)一(yi)端由(you)(you)下至上(shang)(shang)穿過(guo)鋁盤，然后又由(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)至下穿過(guo)鋁盤回(hui)到U形鐵(tie)(tie)芯的(de)另一(yi)端。

其中回(hui)磁(ci)板4是由鋼(gang)板沖制而成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)，它的(de)(de)(de)下端伸入鋁盤下部(bu)，與(yu)隔著鋁盤和(he)電壓(ya)部(bu)件的(de)(de)(de)鐵芯柱相對應，以便構(gou)成(cheng)電壓(ya)線圈工作(zuo)磁(ci)通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)回(hui)路。由于穿(chuan)過(guo)鋁盤的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)個磁(ci)通(tong)是交流磁(ci)通(tong)，而且是在不同位(wei)置穿(chuan)過(guo)鋁盤，因此(ci)就在各自穿(chuan)過(guo)鋁盤的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置附近(jin)產(chan)生感應渦流，兩(liang)個磁(ci)通(tong)與(yu)這些渦流的(de)(de)(de)相互作(zuo)用(yong)，便在鋁盤上產(chan)生推動(dong)鋁盤轉動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)轉動(dong)力(li)矩。

單相電度表接線方法：

電度表(biao)的接線方法有兩種：跳入(ru)式(shi)接法和順入(ru)式(shi)接法;

這(zhe)兩(liang)種接(jie)線(xian)方(fang)法從表(biao)面上看(kan)不大(da)一(yi)樣，其內部原理是(shi)相(xiang)同的(de)，即電(dian)流(liu)表(biao)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)線(xian)圈(quan)串入(ru)負(fu)載回(hui)路中，而(er)電(dian)壓線(xian)圈(quan)與負(fu)載并(bing)聯(lian)，兩(liang)個線(xian)圈(quan)的(de)“*”端應接(jie)電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)同一(yi)極性(xing)端。一(yi)般(ban)單相(xiang)電(dian)度(du)表(biao)有專門的(de)接(jie)線(xian)盒，打(da)開盒蓋看(kan)到有四個接(jie)線(xian)端鈕，實際(ji)接(jie)線(xian)采用哪種方(fang)法，要(yao)根據電(dian)度(du)表(biao)說明(ming)書中的(de)規定(ding)進(jin)行(xing)。

在(zai)低壓(ya)小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)可以(yi)直接接在(zai)線路上。若負載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流很大或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)很高，則應通過互感器才能接入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路。此時電(dian)(dian)(dian)流互感器的(de)一次側與負載(zai)串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)，次級(ji)(ji)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流線圈(quan)串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)互感器的(de)初級(ji)(ji)與負載(zai)并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)，次級(ji)(ji)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線圈(quan)并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)。

單相電度表使用方法

1、合理選(xuan)擇(ze)電(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)：一是根據任務選(xuan)擇(ze)單相或三(san)(san)相電(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)。對于三(san)(san)相電(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)，應根據被測(ce)線路是三(san)(san)相三(san)(san)線制還是三(san)(san)相四線制來選(xuan)擇(ze)。二是額(e)定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)流的(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)，必(bi)須使負載電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)流等于或小于其額(e)定(ding)(ding)值。

2、安裝電度表：電(dian)(dian)(dian)度表(biao)通(tong)常與(yu)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在一起，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度表(biao)應該(gai)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置的下方，其(qi)(qi)中心距(ju)地面1.5~1.8米(mi)處(chu);并列安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)多只電(dian)(dian)(dian)度表(biao)時(shi)，兩表(biao)間距(ju)不得小(xiao)于200毫米(mi);不同電(dian)(dian)(dian)價的用電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)應該(gai)分別裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)表(biao);同一電(dian)(dian)(dian)價的用電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)應該(gai)合并裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)表(biao);安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度表(biao)時(shi)，必須使(shi)表(biao)身與(yu)地面垂(chui)直(zhi)，否(fou)則會影響其(qi)(qi)準確度。

3、正確接(jie)(jie)線：要(yao)(yao)根(gen)據說明書的(de)要(yao)(yao)求和接(jie)(jie)線圖(tu)把(ba)進線和出線依次對號(hao)接(jie)(jie)在電度表的(de)出線頭上;接(jie)(jie)線時注意(yi)電源的(de)相序(xu)關系，特別是(shi)無(wu)功電度表更要(yao)(yao)注意(yi)相序(xu);接(jie)(jie)線完(wan)畢(bi)后，要(yao)(yao)反復查(cha)對無(wu)誤后才(cai)能(neng)合閘(zha)使用。