一、什么是無線AP
無線ap也叫做無線接入點,是(shi)一個無線網(wang)絡(luo)的接(jie)入(ru)(ru)點(dian),俗稱“熱點(dian)”。主要有路(lu)由(you)交(jiao)換接(jie)入(ru)(ru)一體(ti)設(she)備(bei)和純接(jie)入(ru)(ru)點(dian)設(she)備(bei),一體(ti)設(she)備(bei)執行接(jie)入(ru)(ru)和路(lu)由(you)工作,純接(jie)入(ru)(ru)設(she)備(bei)只負責無線客戶端的接(jie)入(ru)(ru),純接(jie)入(ru)(ru)設(she)備(bei)通常作為無線網(wang)絡(luo)擴(kuo)展使用,與其他AP或者主AP連接(jie),以擴(kuo)大無線覆蓋范圍,而一體(ti)設(she)備(bei)一般是(shi)無線網(wang)絡(luo)的核心。
無線(xian)(xian)(xian)AP是使用無線(xian)(xian)(xian)設備(手(shou)機等移動設備及(ji)筆記本電腦等無線(xian)(xian)(xian)設備)用戶進入(ru)有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)網絡的接(jie)入(ru)點(dian),主(zhu)要用于(yu)寬帶(dai)家庭、大樓內部、校園內部、園區內部以(yi)及(ji)倉庫(ku)、工(gong)廠(chang)等需要無線(xian)(xian)(xian)監控的地方,典(dian)型距離覆蓋(gai)幾十米(mi)至(zhi)上百米(mi),也(ye)有(you)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)用于(yu)遠(yuan)距離傳送(song),目前最(zui)遠(yuan)的可(ke)(ke)以(yi)達到30KM左右,主(zhu)要技(ji)術為(wei)IEEE802.11系(xi)列。大多數無線(xian)(xian)(xian)AP還帶(dai)有(you)接(jie)入(ru)點(dian)客(ke)戶端模式(AP CLIENT),可(ke)(ke)以(yi)和(he)其它(ta)AP進行(xing)無線(xian)(xian)(xian)連接(jie),延展(zhan)網絡的覆蓋(gai)范圍(wei)。
二、無線AP的作用
1、作為(wei)無線局域網(wang)的中(zhong)心點,供其(qi)它(ta)裝(zhuang)有(you)無線網(wang)卡的計(ji)算機通(tong)過它(ta)接入該無線局域網(wang);
2、通過對(dui)有(you)線(xian)局(ju)域(yu)網(wang)絡(luo)提供(gong)長距(ju)離(li)無線(xian)連(lian)接,或(huo)對(dui)小型無線(xian)局(ju)域(yu)網(wang)絡(luo)提供(gong)長距(ju)離(li)有(you)線(xian)連(lian)接,從而達(da)到延伸網(wang)絡(luo)范圍的目(mu)的。
無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)AP也可用(yong)于小型(xing)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)局域網(wang)(wang)進(jin)行連(lian)接(jie)從而達到拓展(zhan)的(de)目的(de)。當無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)用(yong)戶足夠多時,應當在(zai)有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)中接(jie)入一個無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)AP,從而將無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)連(lian)接(jie)至有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)主干。AP在(zai)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)工作站和有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)主干之間起網(wang)(wang)橋的(de)作用(yong),實現(xian)了無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)無(wu)縫集成(cheng)。AP既允許無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)工作站訪問網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)資(zi)源,同時又為有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)增加了可用(yong)資(zi)源。
三、無線AP與無線路由器的區別
1、功能不同
無線AP:AP全稱是(shi)(shi)ACCESS POINT,其功能是(shi)(shi)把有線(xian)(xian)網(wang)(wang)絡轉換(huan)為無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)網(wang)(wang)絡。形(xing)像點說(shuo),無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)AP是(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)網(wang)(wang)和(he)有線(xian)(xian)網(wang)(wang)之間溝通(tong)的(de)橋梁。其信號(hao)范圍為球形(xing),搭建的(de)時候最好放到比較高的(de)地方,可以增加覆蓋范圍,無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)AP也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)交換(huan)機,接入在有線(xian)(xian)交換(huan)機或是(shi)(shi)路(lu)由器上(shang),接入的(de)無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)終端和(he)原來的(de)網(wang)(wang)絡是(shi)(shi)屬于同(tong)一(yi)個子網(wang)(wang)。
無線路由器:無線路由器就是一個帶路由功能的無線AP,接入在ADSL寬帶線路上,通過路由器功能實現(xian)自動撥(bo)號接入(ru)網(wang)(wang)絡,并通過無線(xian)功能,建(jian)立一(yi)個獨立的無線(xian)家庭組網(wang)(wang)。
2、應用不同
無線(xian)AP應(ying)用于大(da)型公司比較(jiao)多,大(da)的公司需(xu)要大(da)量(liang)的無線(xian)訪(fang)問節(jie)點(dian)實現(xian)大(da)面(mian)積(ji)的網(wang)(wang)絡覆蓋,同時所有接入終端都(dou)屬于同一(yi)個(ge)網(wang)(wang)絡,也方(fang)便公司網(wang)(wang)絡管理員(yuan)簡單地實現(xian)網(wang)(wang)絡控制(zhi)和管理。
無(wu)線(xian)(xian)路由(you)器一(yi)(yi)般應用(yong)于家庭和(he)(he)SOHO環境網(wang)絡,這種情(qing)況一(yi)(yi)般覆蓋(gai)面積和(he)(he)使用(yong)用(yong)戶都不(bu)大,只需要一(yi)(yi)個(ge)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)AP就夠用(yong)了。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)路由(you)器可以實現(xian)ADSL網(wang)絡的接入(ru),同時轉換(huan)為無(wu)線(xian)(xian)信號(hao),比起買(mai)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)路由(you)器加(jia)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)AP,無(wu)線(xian)(xian)路由(you)器是一(yi)(yi)個(ge)更為實惠和(he)(he)方便(bian)的選擇。
3、連接方式不同
無線AP不能與ADSL MODEM相連,要用一個交換機或是集線器或者路由器做(zuo)為中介。而無線(xian)路由器帶(dai)(dai)有寬帶(dai)(dai)撥號功能,可(ke)以(yi)直(zhi)接和ADSL MODEM相連(lian)撥號上網,實(shi)現(xian)無線(xian)覆蓋(gai)。