【交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)繼電(dian)器(qi)】交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)繼電(dian)器(qi)原理 交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)繼電(dian)器(qi)能在直流(liu)下(xia)用(yong)嗎 交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)繼電(dian)器(qi)特點

交流電磁繼電器的工(gong)作(zuo)原理(li)和直流(liu)電(dian)磁繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)基本相同，交流(liu)電(dian)磁繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)在(zai)交流(liu)電(dian)路中，當交流(liu)電(dian)流(liu)通過線圈時，在(zai)鐵(tie)芯中產生交變磁通，由(you)于牽引(yin)(yin)力(li)（電(dian)磁吸力(li)）是(shi)和磁通φ的平方(fang)成正(zheng)比(bi)，所以(yi)當電(dian)流(liu)改變方(fang)向(xiang)時，牽引(yin)(yin)力(li)并不改變方(fang)向(xiang)，永(yong)遠朝一個方(fang)向(xiang)將銜鐵(tie)吸向(xiang)鐵(tie)芯。

但是(shi)由于交變(bian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)在(zai)鐵芯(xin)中產生交變(bian)的(de)磁(ci)通，所以交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)在(zai)特性和結構(gou)上有(you)它特殊(shu)的(de)地方。

一、交流繼電器的原理是什么？

它由(you)磁(ci)(ci)路部(bu)分、接觸部(bu)分組(zu)成(cheng)，其(qi)中(zhong)磁(ci)(ci)路部(bu)分由(you)鐵(tie)(tie)芯、銜鐵(tie)(tie)、軛(e)鐵(tie)(tie)、短(duan)路環、線圈(quan)(quan)和拉(la)簧等組(zu)成(cheng)，特(te)征是線圈(quan)(quan)與軛(e)鐵(tie)(tie)之間安(an)裝有(you)套在鐵(tie)(tie)芯上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)側(ce)(ce)板，且側(ce)(ce)板與鐵(tie)(tie)芯、軛(e)鐵(tie)(tie)接觸良好(hao)。本實用(yong)新型(xing)由(you)于在原有(you)繼電(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)增加(jia)一只(zhi)純銅制(zhi)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)側(ce)(ce)板，側(ce)(ce)板就可以對(dui)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)系統中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)漏(lou)磁(ci)(ci)進(jin)行短(duan)路，減少了(le)(le)(le)渦流損(sun)耗，大(da)幅(fu)降低了(le)(le)(le)繼電(dian)器線圈(quan)(quan)過負載時的(de)(de)(de)交流尾聲，減少了(le)(le)(le)繼電(dian)器對(dui)其(qi)它電(dian)子設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)干擾，提(ti)高了(le)(le)(le)觸點的(de)(de)(de)接觸可靠性(xing)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"橘子de殿堂"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、交流繼電器的結構

交流繼(ji)電(dian)器的(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈較(jiao)短，而且(qie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)徑(jing)較(jiao)粗(cu)，主要(yao)是因為線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈通以交流電(dian)后，電(dian)抗較(jiao)大，線(xian)(xian)(xian)徑(jing)粗(cu)可以減(jian)小內阻(zu)，減(jian)少發熱量(liang)，另外由于交流電(dian)過零時會造成(cheng)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)減(jian)少，吸(xi)合(he)(he)不牢，產生振動現象，所(suo)以在(zai)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)吸(xi)合(he)(he)面的(de)部分加短路環(huan)，在(zai)磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)發生變(bian)化(hua)時，在(zai)短路環(huan)時形成(cheng)渦流，進而形成(cheng)與磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)變(bian)化(hua)方(fang)向(xiang)相(xiang)反的(de)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)，滯后磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)變(bian)化(hua)，使電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)可以較(jiao)好吸(xi)合(he)(he)。

三、交流繼電器的特點

1、由于(yu)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)器通入(ru)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流是變(bian)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)，使(shi)其(qi)磁(ci)(ci)路中的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通也隨(sui)著(zhu)交(jiao)替變(bian)化(hua)(hua)（正弦規(gui)律(lv)而不是直線規(gui)律(lv)）。銜(xian)鐵所受的(de)(de)吸(xi)力(li)是在0與(yu)最大值之間變(bian)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)，因(yin)此交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)吸(xi)力(li)是脈動(dong)的(de)(de)，變(bian)化(hua)(hua)頻率(lv)是交(jiao)流頻率(lv)的(de)(de)兩(liang)倍，這種脈動(dong)的(de)(de)吸(xi)力(li)將使(shi)銜(xian)鐵發生(sheng)顫(zhan)動(dong)，因(yin)此在結構上要(yao)采取措施來消除(chu)顫(zhan)動(dong)，影響(xiang)繼電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)壽命。

2、由于交流(liu)電源(yuan)通過鐵(tie)芯(xin)(xin)時，產(chan)生交變的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通，使(shi)鐵(tie)芯(xin)(xin)中產(chan)生渦流(liu)，而(er)渦流(liu)產(chan)生的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)與原磁(ci)(ci)通方向相反，使(shi)一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分磁(ci)(ci)通變成(cheng)漏磁(ci)(ci)通而(er)損失(shi)掉，造成(cheng)磁(ci)(ci)損失(shi)，為(wei)(wei)了減小這些損失(shi)，交流(liu)電磁(ci)(ci)繼電器的(de)(de)鐵(tie)芯(xin)(xin)一(yi)(yi)般采用(yong)硅鋼片疊成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)減少磁(ci)(ci)損和渦流(liu)損失(shi)，交流(liu)電磁(ci)(ci)繼電器的(de)(de)鐵(tie)芯(xin)(xin)采用(yong)硅鋼片疊成(cheng)。

3、另外，直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)只有在(zai)(zai)接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)源或切斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)源瞬間有反電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)，穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)狀態下，通過線(xian)圈的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)只由電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻決(jue)定(ding)(ding)，而(er)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，即(ji)使是(shi)在(zai)(zai)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)的(de)情況下，也存(cun)在(zai)(zai)著反電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，因此(ci)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)主要(yao)不是(shi)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻決(jue)定(ding)(ding)，而(er)是(shi)由線(xian)圈的(de)感抗(kang)來決(jue)定(ding)(ding)，這就說明在(zai)(zai)計算交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)時(shi)，必須(xu)考慮線(xian)圈的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)線(xian)圈電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)由線(xian)圈的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)（感抗(kang)）決(jue)定(ding)(ding)。

四、交流繼電器能在直流下用嗎？

交(jiao)流固態(tai)繼電器(qi)在直流電上是(shi)不能應(ying)用的。真是(shi)沒必要去嘗試，因為交(jiao)流繼電器(qi)的參數均比(bi)直流繼電器(qi)的參數大，不是(shi)一個領域上的應(ying)運(yun)，直流電無法引起(qi)交(jiao)流繼電器(qi)的各操作性(xing)能。

五、直流繼電器和交流繼電器的區別是什么？

直流(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器和交流(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器的(de)工作原(yuan)理(li)一樣都是(shi)根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)磁原(yuan)理(li)沒有區別(bie)，但(dan)直流(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器的(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)必(bi)(bi)須是(shi)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)，交流(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器的(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)必(bi)(bi)須是(shi)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。直流(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器線(xian)圈(quan)的(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻很(hen)大(da)，線(xian)圈(quan)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)小等(deng)于電(dian)(dian)壓除(chu)以線(xian)圈(quan)的(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻，所以線(xian)圈(quan)導線(xian)細而且匝數很(hen)多。

交流繼電器線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈匝數相(xiang)應較少，因為交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)里(li)限制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)除了(le)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻以(yi)外(wai)限制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)大(da)(da)(da)小主要是線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈感抗，感抗xl的大(da)(da)(da)小與交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的頻率成正比，如(ru)果(guo)將交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器接在直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)里(li)由于(yu)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的頻率等于(yu)零所以(yi)感抗XL=0，而(er)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈的內阻又很(hen)小所以(yi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈會發(fa)熱而(er)燒毀(hui)。相(xiang)反直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器接到交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源時會因線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈的內阻很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)和出現很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)感抗會造成線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈吸合(he)不(bu)上(shang)，所以(yi)不(bu)能(neng)互(hu)換。