【交(jiao)流繼(ji)電(dian)器】交(jiao)流繼(ji)電(dian)器原(yuan)理(li) 交(jiao)流繼(ji)電(dian)器能在直(zhi)流下用嗎 交(jiao)流繼(ji)電(dian)器特點

交流電磁繼電器的工作原理和直流電(dian)磁繼電(dian)器(qi)基本相同，交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流電(dian)磁繼電(dian)器(qi)工作在(zai)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流電(dian)路中(zhong)，當交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流電(dian)流通過線圈時，在(zai)鐵芯中(zhong)產(chan)生交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)變(bian)磁通，由于牽引(yin)力（電(dian)磁吸(xi)力）是和磁通φ的平方(fang)(fang)成正比，所以當電(dian)流改變(bian)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)時，牽引(yin)力并不改變(bian)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)，永遠朝(chao)一個(ge)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)將銜鐵吸(xi)向(xiang)鐵芯。

但是由于交變(bian)的(de)(de)電(dian)流在鐵芯中產(chan)生交變(bian)的(de)(de)磁通，所以交流電(dian)磁繼電(dian)器在特(te)性(xing)和(he)結構上有它特(te)殊的(de)(de)地方。

一、交流繼電器的原理是什么？

它由(you)磁路(lu)部(bu)分(fen)、接觸(chu)部(bu)分(fen)組(zu)成(cheng)，其中磁路(lu)部(bu)分(fen)由(you)鐵芯(xin)、銜鐵、軛鐵、短路(lu)環、線(xian)圈(quan)和拉簧等組(zu)成(cheng)，特(te)征是(shi)線(xian)圈(quan)與軛鐵之間安裝有套(tao)在鐵芯(xin)上(shang)的側(ce)板，且側(ce)板與鐵芯(xin)、軛鐵接觸(chu)良好。本實(shi)用新型由(you)于在原有繼(ji)電(dian)器的基礎(chu)上(shang)增加一(yi)只純銅制成(cheng)的側(ce)板，側(ce)板就(jiu)可以對電(dian)磁系統中的漏磁進行短路(lu)，減少(shao)了(le)(le)渦流損耗，大(da)幅(fu)降(jiang)低了(le)(le)繼(ji)電(dian)器線(xian)圈(quan)過負載時的交流尾聲(sheng)，減少(shao)了(le)(le)繼(ji)電(dian)器對其它電(dian)子設備(bei)的干(gan)擾，提高了(le)(le)觸(chu)點的接觸(chu)可靠性(xing)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"橘子de殿堂"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、交流繼電器的結構

交流(liu)(liu)繼電器的線(xian)圈較(jiao)短，而(er)且線(xian)徑(jing)較(jiao)粗，主(zhu)要(yao)是因為線(xian)圈通以(yi)交流(liu)(liu)電后(hou)，電抗較(jiao)大，線(xian)徑(jing)粗可以(yi)減小內阻，減少(shao)發熱(re)量，另外由于(yu)交流(liu)(liu)電過(guo)零時會造成(cheng)線(xian)圈電磁(ci)力減少(shao)，吸(xi)合(he)(he)不牢(lao)，產生(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)現(xian)象(xiang)，所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)(zai)磁(ci)鐵(tie)吸(xi)合(he)(he)面的部(bu)分加短路環，在(zai)(zai)磁(ci)場(chang)發生(sheng)變化(hua)時，在(zai)(zai)短路環時形成(cheng)渦(wo)流(liu)(liu)，進(jin)而(er)形成(cheng)與磁(ci)場(chang)變化(hua)方向(xiang)相反的電磁(ci)力，滯后(hou)磁(ci)場(chang)變化(hua)，使(shi)電磁(ci)鐵(tie)可以(yi)較(jiao)好吸(xi)合(he)(he)。

三、交流繼電器的特點

1、由于交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)通(tong)入的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)是(shi)變化(hua)的交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)其(qi)磁(ci)(ci)路中的磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)也隨著交(jiao)替變化(hua)（正弦規律而(er)不(bu)是(shi)直線規律）。銜鐵所受的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)力(li)(li)是(shi)在0與最大值之間變化(hua)的，因此交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)力(li)(li)是(shi)脈動(dong)的，變化(hua)頻率(lv)是(shi)交(jiao)流(liu)頻率(lv)的兩倍(bei)，這種脈動(dong)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)力(li)(li)將使(shi)銜鐵發生顫動(dong)，因此在結(jie)構(gou)上要采取(qu)措施來(lai)消除顫動(dong)，影響(xiang)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的壽命。

2、由于(yu)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)通過鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)(xin)時，產生交變的磁(ci)(ci)通，使(shi)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)(xin)中產生渦(wo)(wo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，而渦(wo)(wo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)產生的磁(ci)(ci)場與原(yuan)磁(ci)(ci)通方向(xiang)相(xiang)反(fan)，使(shi)一部(bu)分磁(ci)(ci)通變成(cheng)漏磁(ci)(ci)通而損失掉，造成(cheng)磁(ci)(ci)損失，為(wei)了減小這些損失，交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)(xin)一般采用(yong)硅鋼片(pian)疊成(cheng)為(wei)減少(shao)磁(ci)(ci)損和渦(wo)(wo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)損失，交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)(xin)采用(yong)硅鋼片(pian)疊成(cheng)。

3、另外(wai)，直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)只有(you)在(zai)接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源或切(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源瞬(shun)間有(you)反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢存在(zai)，穩定狀態(tai)下，通過線圈(quan)(quan)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)只由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻決定，而(er)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，即使(shi)是在(zai)穩定的情況(kuang)下，也存在(zai)著反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢，因此交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)主要不是由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻決定，而(er)是由(you)線圈(quan)(quan)的感抗來決定，這就(jiu)說(shuo)明在(zai)計算交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路時，必須(xu)考(kao)慮線圈(quan)(quan)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)線圈(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)由(you)線圈(quan)(quan)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗（感抗）決定。

四、交流繼電器能在直流下用嗎？

交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)固態繼(ji)(ji)電器(qi)在直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電上是(shi)不(bu)能應用的(de)。真(zhen)是(shi)沒必要去嘗試，因為(wei)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電器(qi)的(de)參數(shu)均(jun)比直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電器(qi)的(de)參數(shu)大，不(bu)是(shi)一(yi)個領域上的(de)應運，直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電無法引起(qi)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電器(qi)的(de)各操作性能。

五、直流繼電器和交流繼電器的區別是什么？

直流(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的工作原理一(yi)樣都(dou)是根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)原理沒有區別，但(dan)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)必(bi)須(xu)是直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，交流(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)必(bi)須(xu)是交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。直流(liu)(liu)(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)線圈(quan)的直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻很大，線圈(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)大小等于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓除以線圈(quan)的直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，所以線圈(quan)導線細而且(qie)匝數(shu)很多。

交流繼電器線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)匝數相應較(jiao)少(shao)，因為交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)里限制電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)除了線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)阻以(yi)外限制電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)大(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)主要是(shi)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)感(gan)(gan)抗，感(gan)(gan)抗xl的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)與交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)成正比，如果將交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器接(jie)在直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)里由于直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)等于零所以(yi)感(gan)(gan)抗XL=0，而(er)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)內(nei)阻又很(hen)小(xiao)(xiao)所以(yi)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)會(hui)發熱而(er)燒毀。相反(fan)直流(liu)(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器接(jie)到交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)源時會(hui)因線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)內(nei)阻很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)和出現很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)感(gan)(gan)抗會(hui)造成線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)吸合不(bu)上，所以(yi)不(bu)能(neng)互(hu)換。