一、什么是高壓汞燈

高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)燈(deng)(deng)俗稱高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水銀燈(deng)(deng)，是指由石英電(dian)弧(hu)管(guan)，外(wai)泡殼（通常(chang)內涂熒光(guang)粉），金屬支架，電(dian)阻件(jian)和燈(deng)(deng)頭組成，以電(dian)弧(hu)管(guan)為核心元件(jian)，內充汞(gong)(gong)(gong)與(yu)惰性氣體的燈(deng)(deng)具(ju)。放電(dian)時，內部汞(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸(zheng)氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為2-15個大氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（51～507kPa），因此稱為高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)燈(deng)(deng)。高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)燈(deng)(deng)，應用(yong)了先進(jin)的制燈(deng)(deng)工藝(yi)，使高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)燈(deng)(deng)的光(guang)效更(geng)高(gao)(gao)，壽命更(geng)長。發(fa)白光(guang)，色(se)溫4100K左右，而且經濟實惠，被廣泛應用(yong)于室(shi)內外(wai)的工業照(zhao)明，道路照(zhao)明燈(deng)(deng)領(ling)域(yu)。

二、高壓水銀燈的特點有哪些

1、結構(gou)簡單，成本低，維(wei)修費(fei)用少。

2、比一般燈(deng)壽命更長，省(sheng)電經濟(ji)。

3、發白光(guang)，光(guang)效(xiao)長。

4、啟動(dong)時間比較長，通常需要4-10分鐘。

5、二次啟動需要等燈體冷卻(que)。

6、常用于廣場(chang)、街道的照明。

該圖片由注冊用戶"荊湖酒徒"提供，版權聲明反饋

三、高壓汞燈的種類有哪些

1、紫外線高壓汞燈

紫外線(xian)高壓汞(gong)燈既能夠發(fa)出可(ke)見光，也能發(fa)出紫外線(xian)，這種高壓汞(gong)燈在保健(jian)、消毒等工(gong)作方(fang)面(mian)用得較多(duo)，不(bu)用于(yu)日常照明。

2、熒光高壓汞燈

熒光(guang)高(gao)壓(ya)汞燈(deng)，是(shi)利用(yong)在(zai)外殼上涂多一層熒光(guang)粉，讓(rang)不可見(jian)光(guang)轉化為(wei)可見(jian)光(guang)，提(ti)高(gao)了(le)光(guang)效，讓(rang)燈(deng)光(guang)更加(jia)明亮，最合適在(zai)室外、街道、廠(chang)房等比較空曠的地方使用(yong)。我國的街道照明路(lu)燈(deng)主(zhu)要就是(shi)采用(yong)熒光(guang)高(gao)壓(ya)汞燈(deng)。

3、自鎮流高壓汞燈

自鎮流高(gao)壓汞(gong)燈(deng)是把鎢絲封(feng)入燈(deng)殼內，成為(wei)(wei)高(gao)壓汞(gong)燈(deng)的(de)鎮流器，增加等的(de)亮度(du)和壽命(ming)，因為(wei)(wei)這種燈(deng)光(guang)效較(jiao)低，常在室內使用(yong)。

4、超高壓汞燈

超高壓(ya)汞(gong)燈(deng)(deng)常用于(yu)光學(xue)儀器(qi)、制(zhi)版上。燈(deng)(deng)開啟時，汞(gong)蒸氣壓(ya)力可以達(da)到10133～20265Kpa，發光亮(liang)度強，市面上的(de)液晶投影儀很多都(dou)是(shi)采用超高壓(ya)汞(gong)燈(deng)(deng)。

四、高壓汞燈工作原理是什么

有玻璃(li)外殼的(de)高壓汞燈通(tong)常用輔(fu)助(zhu)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)幫助(zhu)啟動，輔(fu)助(zhu)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)通(tong)過一(yi)只(zhi)40～60千歐的(de)電(dian)阻R與不相(xiang)鄰(lin)的(de)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)相(xiang)連接。當燈接入電(dian)網后，輔(fu)助(zhu)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)與相(xiang)鄰(lin)的(de)主(zhu)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)之間加有交流(liu)220伏的(de)電(dian)壓，這兩電(dian)極(ji)(ji)之間的(de)距離很近，通(tong)常只(zhi)有2～3毫米，所以它們之間有很強的(de)電(dian)場。

在(zai)此強電(dian)場(chang)的作用(yong)下，兩(liang)電(dian)極之間的氣體被擊穿，發生輝光放電(dian)，放電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)由電(dian)阻(zu)R所限制，注(zhu)意，如R過小(xiao)會使電(dian)極燒壞。

主(zhu)電(dian)(dian)極和(he)相鄰輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)極之(zhi)間(jian)的輝光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)產生(sheng)了(le)大量的電(dian)(dian)子和(he)離(li)子，這(zhe)些帶電(dian)(dian)粒子向兩主(zhu)電(dian)(dian)極間(jian)擴散，使主(zhu)電(dian)(dian)極之(zhi)間(jian)產生(sheng)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，并很(hen)快過渡到兩主(zhu)電(dian)(dian)極之(zhi)間(jian)的弧光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。

在燈點(dian)燃的(de)初始階(jie)段，是低氣壓的(de)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸氣和氫(qing)氣放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)時管(guan)壓降得很低，約25伏左右(you)；放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)很大，約為(wei)5～6安(an)培，稱為(wei)啟動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。低壓放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時放出的(de)熱量(liang)使管(guan)壁溫度(du)升(sheng)高，汞(gong)(gong)(gong)逐(zhu)漸(jian)(jian)汽化，汞(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸氣壓和燈管(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓逐(zhu)漸(jian)(jian)升(sheng)高，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧開始收縮，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)逐(zhu)步(bu)向高氣壓放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)渡。當汞(gong)(gong)(gong)全部蒸發后(hou)，管(guan)壓開始穩定(ding)，進入(ru)穩定(ding)的(de)高壓汞(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸氣放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。