一、圓股鋼絲繩結構工藝

由(you)圓(yuan)形(xing)繩(sheng)(sheng)股(gu)圍(wei)繞繩(sheng)(sheng)芯按螺旋方式捻制(zhi)成的(de)(de)鋼絲繩(sheng)(sheng)。圓(yuan)形(xing)繩(sheng)(sheng)股(gu)是(shi)由(you)幾層等徑或不等徑的(de)(de)圓(yuan)鋼絲或異形(xing)鋼絲，按同(tong)心圓(yuan)或以股(gu)芯為(wei)中心捻制(zhi)而(er)成的(de)(de)。

圓(yuan)股(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種類很多，根據不同(tong)用(yong)途，圓(yuan)股(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)可用(yong)光面(mian)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)或鍍(du)鋅(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)制造，繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)芯可用(yong)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)芯和金屬芯。纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)芯要經(jing)防腐(fu)、防銹(xiu)潤滑油浸透。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的表面(mian)也要均勻(yun)地涂一層防銹(xiu)油脂。所有圓(yuan)股(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都應制成不松(song)散(san)(san)的(見不松(song)散(san)(san)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng))。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)股(gu)的捻(nian)距(ju)應符合規定。線接觸(chu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的股(gu)中各層鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)具有同(tong)一捻(nian)向和同(tong)一捻(nian)距(ju)，各層鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)直(zhi)徑不同(tong)但成比例。

該圖片由注冊用戶"溫暖·生活家"提供，版權聲明反饋

單股(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)多用(yong)來懸掛電(dian)(dian)線(xian)，作包麻鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)的股(gu)芯，張拉鐵塔(ta)、煙囪和電(dian)(dian)線(xian)桿(gan)等;多股(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)用(yong)于無(wu)極繩(sheng)纜車，鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)皮帶運(yun)輸機，索道牽引(yin)(yin)和斜井(jing)(jing)卷揚，各(ge)種起重(zhong)、提升(sheng)和牽引(yin)(yin)設備(bei)，捆綁、拖船(chuan)、貨網、浮(fu)運(yun)木材(cai)，船(chuan)舶(bo)張拉桅桿(gan)，鹽(yan)井(jing)(jing)，吊橋，電(dian)(dian)梯，打(da)撈沉船(chuan)，開鑿(zao)立(li)(li)井(jing)(jing)提升(sheng)，立(li)(li)井(jing)(jing)提升(sheng)，索道承重(zhong)等。

線(xian)接(jie)觸鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)主要(yao)(yao)用于農(nong)業(ye)電(dian)(dian)犁，以及在腐蝕不大而要(yao)(yao)求耐磨條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)的各種起(qi)重、提升和(he)牽引設備。具(ju)有(you)金屬繩(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)的鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)多(duo)在沖擊負荷、受熱(re)(re)和(he)擠(ji)壓條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)使用，如電(dian)(dian)鏟、熱(re)(re)移鋼(gang)機(ji)等。繩(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)和(he)股芯(xin)為纖維芯(xin)的鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)主要(yao)(yao)用于船舶(bo)裝卸、漁業(ye)拖網、電(dian)(dian)梯、起(qi)重機(ji)等。

二、圓股鋼絲繩和三角股鋼絲繩的區別

1、從生產成本看

三角股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有兩種生(sheng)產(chan)工藝：圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)壓實法和螺(luo)旋成(cheng)型法。圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)壓實法的(de)(de)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要經預(yu)變(bian)形(xing)裝(zhuang)置壓彎變(bian)形(xing)，圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經三角形(xing)輥壓縮變(bian)形(xing)，股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)由圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)變(bian)成(cheng)三角形(xing)。螺(luo)旋成(cheng)型法需要專門的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)設(she)備，生(sheng)產(chan)出股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，預(yu)先形(xing)成(cheng)螺(luo)距(ju);帶有螺(luo)距(ju)的(de)(de)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)成(cheng)品機(ji)上捻繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經預(yu)變(bian)形(xing)裝(zhuang)置壓彎變(bian)形(xing)捻制。無論采(cai)用(yong)哪種方法，三角股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)設(she)備都(dou)(dou)要比(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)復雜，工序(xu)也(ye)要比(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多。即使(shi)不(bu)考慮材料價格的(de)(de)差別(bie)，三角股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本都(dou)(dou)要比(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)出大約三分之一(yi)(市場噸價)。

2、從破斷拉力看

在(zai)三(san)角(jiao)股(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)的兩種(zhong)生產(chan)工藝過程中(zhong)，鋼(gang)(gang)絲都(dou)要受到額(e)外的壓應力(li)(li)來形(xing)成三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)股(gu)截面，因此三(san)角(jiao)股(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)單(dan)根鋼(gang)(gang)絲的破斷(duan)拉(la)力(li)(li)通常比圓股(gu)繩(sheng)要小。整繩(sheng)破斷(duan)拉(la)力(li)(li)也必然(ran)受到影(ying)響。

3、從使用壽命看

一般來講，三角股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)容(rong)積量(liang)(liang)總要(yao)比(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)大(da)，相對的(de)其繩(sheng)(sheng)芯體積就會比(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)小，但兩(liang)種(zhong)鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)含(han)油(you)量(liang)(liang)占鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)重量(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)要(yao)求是一樣的(de)，都在(zai)1.5-2%之(zhi)間(jian)。為(wei)(wei)保(bao)證這一比(bi)(bi)例，三角股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)繩(sheng)(sheng)芯的(de)含(han)油(you)量(liang)(liang)就會比(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)高。通常三角股(gu)(gu)的(de)含(han)油(you)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)25-30%，而(er)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)只有14-18%。這種(zhong)差別表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)三角股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)使(shi)用早期(qi)大(da)量(liang)(liang)出油(you)，而(er)到(dao)了后期(qi)會出現(xian)無(wu)油(you)或(huo)嚴重缺(que)油(you)現(xian)象。因(yin)此三角股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)使(shi)用后期(qi)更(geng)容(rong)易出現(xian)銹蝕和內部磨(mo)損，導致鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)提前報廢(fei)。

通過以上三個方面的對比可以很清晰的看出圓股鋼絲繩要比三角股(gu)鋼絲繩(sheng)有(you)明顯的(de)優勢。所以(yi)礦井(jing)在(zai)選擇礦用鋼絲繩(sheng)的(de)時候一定(ding)要仔細(xi)分析礦井(jing)的(de)實際條(tiao)件，井(jing)深(shen)、井(jing)下環境，提升量等(deng)等(deng)因素(su)。綜(zong)合各方面(mian)信息選擇一個性能好的(de)提升鋼絲繩(sheng)。