一、圓股鋼絲繩結構工藝

由圓形(xing)繩股(gu)(gu)圍繞繩芯按螺旋方式(shi)捻制(zhi)成的鋼(gang)絲繩。圓形(xing)繩股(gu)(gu)是由幾層等(deng)徑(jing)或(huo)不等(deng)徑(jing)的圓鋼(gang)絲或(huo)異形(xing)鋼(gang)絲，按同心圓或(huo)以(yi)股(gu)(gu)芯為(wei)中(zhong)心捻制(zhi)而成的。

圓股(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)種類(lei)很多，根據不(bu)(bu)同用途，圓股(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)可用光面鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)或鍍鋅鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)制造(zao)，繩(sheng)(sheng)芯可用纖(xian)維芯和金(jin)屬芯。纖(xian)維芯要經防(fang)腐(fu)、防(fang)銹潤滑油浸透。鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)的表面也(ye)要均勻地涂一(yi)層防(fang)銹油脂。所(suo)有(you)圓股(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)都應制成(cheng)不(bu)(bu)松(song)散的(見(jian)不(bu)(bu)松(song)散鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng))。鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)和繩(sheng)(sheng)股(gu)的捻距(ju)應符合規定。線接觸鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)的股(gu)中各層鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)具(ju)有(you)同一(yi)捻向(xiang)和同一(yi)捻距(ju)，各層鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)直徑不(bu)(bu)同但成(cheng)比例。

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單股鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多(duo)用(yong)來懸掛電線，作包麻鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的股芯，張(zhang)拉(la)鐵塔、煙囪和(he)電線桿等;多(duo)股鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)于無極繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)纜(lan)車，鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)皮(pi)帶運(yun)輸機，索(suo)道牽(qian)引和(he)斜(xie)井卷揚，各種起(qi)重、提(ti)升和(he)牽(qian)引設備(bei)，捆綁、拖船(chuan)、貨(huo)網、浮運(yun)木材(cai)，船(chuan)舶張(zhang)拉(la)桅桿，鹽(yan)井，吊橋(qiao)，電梯(ti)，打撈沉船(chuan)，開鑿立(li)井提(ti)升，立(li)井提(ti)升，索(suo)道承(cheng)重等。

線接(jie)觸鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)主要(yao)用于農業電(dian)犁，以及在(zai)腐蝕(shi)不(bu)大而(er)要(yao)求(qiu)耐磨條件(jian)(jian)下的各種起(qi)重(zhong)、提升和牽引(yin)設備。具有金屬繩(sheng)(sheng)芯的鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)多在(zai)沖擊負荷、受熱和擠壓條件(jian)(jian)下使用，如電(dian)鏟(chan)、熱移鋼機等(deng)。繩(sheng)(sheng)芯和股芯為纖(xian)維芯的鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)主要(yao)用于船舶裝卸、漁業拖網(wang)、電(dian)梯(ti)、起(qi)重(zhong)機等(deng)。

二、圓股鋼絲繩和三角股鋼絲繩的區別

1、從生產成本看

三(san)(san)(san)角(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)兩種(zhong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝：圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)壓(ya)實(shi)法和(he)螺(luo)旋成(cheng)(cheng)型法。圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)壓(ya)實(shi)法的股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)(yao)經預(yu)(yu)變形(xing)(xing)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)壓(ya)彎變形(xing)(xing)，圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經三(san)(san)(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)輥壓(ya)縮變形(xing)(xing)，股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)由圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)變成(cheng)(cheng)三(san)(san)(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)。螺(luo)旋成(cheng)(cheng)型法需(xu)要(yao)(yao)專門的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)設備，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)出股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，預(yu)(yu)先(xian)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)螺(luo)距;帶有(you)螺(luo)距的股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)品機(ji)上捻繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經預(yu)(yu)變形(xing)(xing)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)壓(ya)彎變形(xing)(xing)捻制。無論采用哪種(zhong)方法，三(san)(san)(san)角(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)設備都(dou)要(yao)(yao)比(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)復雜，工(gong)序(xu)也(ye)要(yao)(yao)比(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多。即使(shi)不考(kao)慮(lv)材料價(jia)格的差(cha)別，三(san)(san)(san)角(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本都(dou)要(yao)(yao)比(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高出大約三(san)(san)(san)分之(zhi)一(yi)(市場噸價(jia))。

2、從破斷拉力看

在(zai)三(san)角股鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)的兩種生(sheng)產工藝過(guo)程中(zhong)，鋼(gang)絲(si)都要受到(dao)額外的壓應力(li)(li)來(lai)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)三(san)角形(xing)(xing)股截面，因(yin)此三(san)角股鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)單根(gen)鋼(gang)絲(si)的破(po)斷拉(la)力(li)(li)通常比圓(yuan)股繩(sheng)要小。整繩(sheng)破(po)斷拉(la)力(li)(li)也必然受到(dao)影(ying)響。

3、從使用壽命看

一(yi)(yi)般來講，三(san)(san)角股(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)容積(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)總要(yao)(yao)比(bi)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)，相對的(de)其(qi)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)體(ti)積(ji)(ji)就會(hui)比(bi)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)(yao)小(xiao)，但兩種鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)含油(you)量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)重量(liang)(liang)比(bi)要(yao)(yao)求是(shi)一(yi)(yi)樣的(de)，都在(zai)1.5-2%之間。為保證這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)比(bi)例，三(san)(san)角股(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)的(de)含油(you)量(liang)(liang)就會(hui)比(bi)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高。通(tong)常(chang)三(san)(san)角股(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)含油(you)量(liang)(liang)為25-30%，而圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)只有(you)14-18%。這(zhe)種差別表現(xian)為三(san)(san)角股(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)使用早(zao)期(qi)(qi)大(da)量(liang)(liang)出油(you)，而到了后期(qi)(qi)會(hui)出現(xian)無油(you)或嚴重缺(que)油(you)現(xian)象。因此三(san)(san)角股(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)使用后期(qi)(qi)更容易出現(xian)銹蝕(shi)和內部(bu)磨損，導致(zhi)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)提(ti)前報廢。

通過以上三個方面的對比可以很清晰的看出圓股鋼絲繩要比三角股鋼絲(si)繩有明顯(xian)的(de)優勢。所(suo)以(yi)礦井(jing)在選(xuan)擇(ze)礦用鋼絲(si)繩的(de)時候一定要仔細分析礦井(jing)的(de)實際條件，井(jing)深、井(jing)下環境，提(ti)升量(liang)等(deng)等(deng)因(yin)素。綜合(he)各方面信息選(xuan)擇(ze)一個性能好的(de)提(ti)升鋼絲(si)繩。