一、圓股鋼絲繩結構工藝

由圓形繩(sheng)(sheng)股圍(wei)繞繩(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)按螺旋(xuan)方式捻(nian)制(zhi)成(cheng)的鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)。圓形繩(sheng)(sheng)股是由幾層等(deng)(deng)徑或(huo)(huo)不等(deng)(deng)徑的圓鋼(gang)絲(si)或(huo)(huo)異形鋼(gang)絲(si)，按同心圓或(huo)(huo)以股芯(xin)為中(zhong)心捻(nian)制(zhi)而成(cheng)的。

圓(yuan)股鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)種類很多，根據不同(tong)用(yong)途，圓(yuan)股鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)可用(yong)光(guang)面鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)或鍍鋅鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)制造，繩(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)可用(yong)纖(xian)維(wei)芯(xin)和(he)金(jin)屬芯(xin)。纖(xian)維(wei)芯(xin)要(yao)經防(fang)(fang)腐(fu)、防(fang)(fang)銹潤滑油浸透。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)的(de)表(biao)面也要(yao)均勻地涂一層(ceng)防(fang)(fang)銹油脂。所(suo)有圓(yuan)股鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)都應(ying)(ying)制成(cheng)不松散的(de)(見不松散鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng))。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)和(he)繩(sheng)(sheng)股的(de)捻距應(ying)(ying)符合規定(ding)。線接觸鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)的(de)股中(zhong)各層(ceng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)具有同(tong)一捻向和(he)同(tong)一捻距，各層(ceng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)直(zhi)徑不同(tong)但成(cheng)比例。

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單股鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)多用來懸掛電線，作(zuo)包麻鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)的(de)股芯，張拉(la)鐵(tie)塔、煙(yan)囪和(he)電線桿(gan)等(deng);多股鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)用于無極繩(sheng)(sheng)纜車，鋼(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)皮帶運(yun)輸機，索道牽(qian)引和(he)斜井(jing)卷揚，各種起重、提(ti)升和(he)牽(qian)引設備，捆(kun)綁、拖船、貨網、浮(fu)運(yun)木材，船舶張拉(la)桅桿(gan)，鹽井(jing)，吊橋，電梯，打撈(lao)沉船，開鑿立井(jing)提(ti)升，立井(jing)提(ti)升，索道承(cheng)重等(deng)。

線(xian)接觸鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)要(yao)用于農業(ye)電犁(li)，以及在腐蝕不大而要(yao)求耐磨條件(jian)下(xia)的各種(zhong)起重(zhong)(zhong)、提升和牽引(yin)設備。具有金(jin)屬繩(sheng)(sheng)芯的鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)多(duo)在沖擊負荷、受熱(re)(re)和擠壓條件(jian)下(xia)使用，如電鏟、熱(re)(re)移鋼機等(deng)。繩(sheng)(sheng)芯和股芯為(wei)纖(xian)維芯的鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)要(yao)用于船(chuan)舶裝卸(xie)、漁業(ye)拖網、電梯、起重(zhong)(zhong)機等(deng)。

二、圓股鋼絲繩和三角股鋼絲繩的區別

1、從生產成本看

三角(jiao)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)兩種(zhong)生產(chan)工(gong)藝：圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)壓實法(fa)(fa)(fa)和螺旋(xuan)(xuan)成(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)壓實法(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)經預(yu)變(bian)形(xing)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)壓彎(wan)變(bian)形(xing)，圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經三角(jiao)形(xing)輥壓縮變(bian)形(xing)，股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)由圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)變(bian)成(cheng)三角(jiao)形(xing)。螺旋(xuan)(xuan)成(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)需(xu)要(yao)專(zhuan)門(men)的(de)(de)生產(chan)設備，生產(chan)出股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，預(yu)先形(xing)成(cheng)螺距(ju);帶(dai)有(you)螺距(ju)的(de)(de)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在成(cheng)品機上捻繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經預(yu)變(bian)形(xing)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)壓彎(wan)變(bian)形(xing)捻制。無(wu)論采用哪種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，三角(jiao)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)生產(chan)設備都(dou)要(yao)比(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)復雜，工(gong)序(xu)也(ye)要(yao)比(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多。即使不考(kao)慮材料價格的(de)(de)差別，三角(jiao)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)生產(chan)成(cheng)本都(dou)要(yao)比(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)出大約三分之(zhi)一(市場噸價)。

2、從破斷拉力看

在(zai)三角(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)的兩種(zhong)生產工(gong)藝過程中(zhong)，鋼(gang)絲都要受到額外的壓應力(li)來形成三角(jiao)(jiao)形股(gu)截面(mian)，因此三角(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)單根鋼(gang)絲的破斷拉力(li)通常比圓股(gu)繩(sheng)要小(xiao)。整(zheng)繩(sheng)破斷拉力(li)也必然(ran)受到影響。

3、從使用壽命看

一般來講(jiang)，三(san)角股(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)容積量(liang)(liang)總要比(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大，相對的其繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)體積就會(hui)比(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要小，但兩種鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)含油(you)量(liang)(liang)占鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)重量(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)要求是一樣的，都在(zai)1.5-2%之間。為(wei)保證這(zhe)一比(bi)(bi)例，三(san)角股(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)的含油(you)量(liang)(liang)就會(hui)比(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)。通常三(san)角股(gu)的含油(you)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)25-30%，而圓(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)只有(you)14-18%。這(zhe)種差別表現(xian)為(wei)三(san)角股(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)使用(yong)早期大量(liang)(liang)出(chu)油(you)，而到了后(hou)期會(hui)出(chu)現(xian)無油(you)或嚴重缺油(you)現(xian)象。因(yin)此三(san)角股(gu)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)使用(yong)后(hou)期更容易出(chu)現(xian)銹蝕和內部(bu)磨損，導致鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)提前報廢(fei)。

通過以上三個方面的對比可以很清晰的看出圓股鋼絲繩要(yao)比三角股鋼絲(si)繩有(you)明顯的優勢(shi)。所以(yi)礦井在選擇礦用鋼絲(si)繩的時候一(yi)定要(yao)仔細分(fen)析礦井的實際條件(jian)，井深、井下環境，提(ti)升量等等因素。綜合各方(fang)面信息選擇一(yi)個性能(neng)好的提(ti)升鋼絲(si)繩。