一、電抗器的和電容器的區別在哪里
1、構造不同
(1)電(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)也叫(jiao)電(dian)感器(qi),一個導(dao)體通電(dian)時就會在其所(suo)占據(ju)的一定空間范圍產生磁(ci)場,所(suo)以所(suo)有能(neng)載(zai)流的電(dian)導(dao)體都有一般意義(yi)上的感性。
(2)兩個(ge)相互靠近的導(dao)體(ti),中間(jian)夾(jia)一層不導(dao)電的絕緣介質,就構成(cheng)了電容(rong)器。
2、作用功能不同
(1)電抗器是電(dian)(dian)(dian)感性負載,有串(chuan)聯(lian)和并聯(lian)之(zhi)分,串(chuan)聯(lian)主要(yao)用(yong)于限(xian)制短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流,并聯(lian)主要(yao)用(yong)于超高(gao)(gao)壓遠距離輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時,補(bu)償線路(lu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容;電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統中(zhong)所采(cai)取的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)常見的(de)有串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)和并聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi),串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)主要(yao)用(yong)來限(xian)制短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流,也(ye)有在濾(lv)波器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)串(chuan)聯(lian)或并聯(lian)用(yong)來限(xian)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)的(de)高(gao)(gao)次諧波。
(2)電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)是(shi)容性負載,主(zhu)要用(yong)于補償(chang)無功和(he)儲(chu)能(neng),在直流電(dian)路中,電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)是(shi)相當于斷路的。電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)是(shi)一種能(neng)夠(gou)儲(chu)藏(zang)電(dian)荷的元件(jian),也是(shi)最常用(yong)的電(dian)子元件(jian)之(zhi)一。
二、電抗器的作用及原理是什么
1、電抗器的作用
(1)輕(qing)空(kong)載或(huo)輕(qing)負荷線路上的(de)電容(rong)效應,以降低(di)工頻暫態過電壓。
(2)使輕負荷時(shi)線(xian)路(lu)中的(de)無(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)盡可能(neng)就(jiu)地平衡,防止無(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)不合理流動同時(shi)也減輕了(le)線(xian)路(lu)上的(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)損(sun)失。
(3)在大機組(zu)與(yu)系(xi)統并(bing)列時降低高壓母線(xian)上工頻穩態電壓,便(bian)于(yu)發電機同(tong)期(qi)并(bing)列。
(4)防(fang)止發電機帶長線路可能出現的自勵磁諧振現象。
(5)當采用(yong)電(dian)抗器(qi)中(zhong)性點(dian)經小(xiao)電(dian)抗接(jie)地(di)裝(zhuang)置時,還可用(yong)小(xiao)電(dian)抗器(qi)補償線路相間及相地(di)電(dian)容,以加速(su)潛供電(dian)流自(zi)動熄滅,便(bian)于采用(yong)。
2、電抗器的工作原理
一個導體(ti)通電時就會在(zai)其所占據的一定(ding)空間范圍(wei)產生磁場(chang),所以所有能載流的電導體(ti)都有一般意義上的感性。