一、碳膜電位器和繞線電位器區別在哪里
1、線繞電位器
線(xian)(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)是由繞(rao)(rao)在(zai)(zai)骨架(jia)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻絲線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)和沿電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)移動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)滑(hua)臂以(yi)及其(qi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷組成(cheng)(cheng),骨架(jia)截(jie)面(mian)應處處相等(deng),由材料和截(jie)面(mian)均(jun)勻(yun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻絲等(deng)節距繞(rao)(rao)制而成(cheng)(cheng)。線(xian)(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻體(ti)(ti)大多是采(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)多碳(tan)(tan)酸類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合成(cheng)(cheng)樹脂(zhi)材料來(lai)制成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de),所(suo)以(yi)應該(gai)避(bi)免與以(yi)下這些物品直接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu)(chu):氨水(shui),其(qi)它胺(an)類(lei),堿(jian)水(shui)溶(rong)液,芳香族碳(tan)(tan)氫(qing)化(hua)合物,酮類(lei),脂(zhi)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)氫(qing)化(hua)合物,強(qiang)烈(lie)化(hua)學(xue)品(酸堿(jian)值過高(gao))等(deng),否(fou)則會影響(xiang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)性(xing)能(neng)。線(xian)(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)端子在(zai)(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)應避(bi)免使用(yong)水(shui)溶(rong)性(xing)助(zhu)焊(han)(han)(han)劑(ji),否(fou)則將助(zhu)長金(jin)屬(shu)氧化(hua)與材料發(fa)霉,避(bi)免使用(yong)劣質焊(han)(han)(han)劑(ji),焊(han)(han)(han)錫(xi)不(bu)良可能(neng)造成(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)錫(xi)困難(nan),導致接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)不(bu)良或(huo)者斷路。線(xian)(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)端子在(zai)(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)過程中若焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)溫度(du)過高(gao)或(huo)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間過長可能(neng)導致對線(xian)(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損壞。插腳式(shi)端子焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)應在(zai)(zai)235℃±5℃,3秒鐘內完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng),焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)應離電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)本(ben)體(ti)(ti)1.5MM以(yi)上(shang),焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)勿使用(yong)焊(han)(han)(han)錫(xi)流(liu)穿線(xian)(xian)(xian)路板,焊(han)(han)(han)線(xian)(xian)(xian)式(shi)端子焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)應在(zai)(zai)350℃±10℃,3秒鐘內完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)。且端子應避(bi)免重壓,否(fou)則易造成(cheng)(cheng)接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)不(bu)良。
2、碳膜電位器
碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)在(zai)馬(ma)蹄(ti)形(xing)的(de)(de)紙(zhi)膠(jiao)板上(shang)涂上(shang)一層(ceng)碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)(mo)而制成(cheng)的(de)(de)一種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)。碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)變化和中間觸頭位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置的(de)(de)關系有直線(xian)式、對(dui)數式和指(zhi)數式三(san)種。碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)有大(da)型、小型、微型幾種,有的(de)(de)和開(kai)關一起組成(cheng)帶開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)。從(cong)外(wai)觀方(fang)面來看,脈沖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)與普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)一樣都是(shi)三(san)個引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳,但(dan)在(zai)其內部與引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳1、2相(xiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)是(shi)兩個長(chang)短不一的(de)(de)金屬靜片(pian),與引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳3相(xiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)是(shi)一周有12或24個齒的(de)(de)金屬動(dong)片(pian)。當脈沖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)旋轉時可(ke)出現四種狀(zhuang)態(tai):即引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳3與引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳1相(xiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian),引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳3與引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳2及引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳1全(quan)相(xiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)。引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳3與引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳2相(xiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian),引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳3與引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳2及引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳1全(quan)斷開(kai)。碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)體是(shi)用(yong)經過(guo)研磨的(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)黑、石墨、石英等材料(liao)涂敷(fu)于基體表面而成(cheng),該工藝簡單(dan),是(shi)目前應用(yong)最廣泛的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)。碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)特點(dian)是(shi)分辨力高(gao)耐(nai)磨性(xing)好,壽(shou)命較長(chang)。缺點(dian)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)噪聲,非線(xian)性(xing)大(da),耐(nai)潮性(xing)以(yi)及阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)穩定性(xing)差。
綜上(shang)所(suo)述,二者最大的(de)區別是線(xian)繞電位(wei)器(qi)比碳膜電位(wei)器(qi)的(de)功(gong)率(lv)大得多,前者可根據需要制成功(gong)率(lv)不(bu)同的(de)電位(wei)器(qi)。
二、碳膜電位器怎么修
1、替換法
有些碳膜(mo)電位器(qi)磨損嚴重,用(yong)摩擦清洗法(fa)根本就不能解(jie)(jie)決問題,比如(ru)接觸(chu)簧片(pian)與碳膜(mo)片(pian)發生斷裂,這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)問題一(yi)般都是采(cai)用(yong)替換法(fa)來解(jie)(jie)決。首先把損壞的(de)(de)碳膜(mo)電位器(qi)從設備上拆下來,然后對它進行(xing)分拆,將壞了的(de)(de)簧片(pian)與碳膜(mo)片(pian)用(yong)以前廢舊電位器(qi)中好的(de)(de)進行(xing)替換再組合就行(xing)了。
2、摩擦清洗法
剛開始碳(tan)膜電(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)磨損還不(bu)(bu)嚴重,表現出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)問題也只是(shi)在(zai)調節(jie)時聲音出(chu)現雜音或(huo)音量(liang)時大時小,畫面有一些雜波(bo)等,這(zhe)主要是(shi)由于(yu)(yu)碳(tan)膜電(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)侵(qin)入(ru)了灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)或(huo)觸(chu)簧在(zai)與(yu)碳(tan)膜的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)摩(mo)(mo)擦下產生了塵(chen)(chen)埃(ai)從而污(wu)染了觸(chu)點(dian),致使(shi)觸(chu)簧與(yu)碳(tan)膜片(pian)接觸(chu)不(bu)(bu)良而產生的(de)(de)(de)。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)這(zhe)種問題,經(jing)常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)修復方法首先前(qian)提是(shi)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)來(lai)回滑動或(huo)旋轉電(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi),這(zhe)樣做可(ke)以(yi)去(qu)除觸(chu)點(dian)與(yu)碳(tan)膜片(pian)上的(de)(de)(de)污(wu)物,讓(rang)(rang)觸(chu)點(dian)變得光潔,即使(shi)不(bu)(bu)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)也能(neng)讓(rang)(rang)設備暫時恢復正常(chang),這(zhe)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)解(jie)決(jue)臨時問題不(bu)(bu)失(shi)為(wei)一個可(ke)取的(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)法。為(wei)了讓(rang)(rang)問題進(jin)一步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)得到解(jie)決(jue),我們就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)摩(mo)(mo)擦之后對(dui)(dui)電(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)用(yong)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液進(jin)行清(qing)洗(xi)(xi),徹(che)底洗(xi)(xi)掉電(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)碳(tan)膜片(pian)上的(de)(de)(de)污(wu)物,讓(rang)(rang)簧片(pian)與(yu)碳(tan)膜片(pian)接觸(chu)良好。
3、潤滑保護法
為了延長修理(li)后的(de)電(dian)位(wei)器的(de)使(shi)用壽命,經常在(zai)碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)位(wei)器的(de)碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)片上(shang)涂一點硅脂(縫紉(ren)機油也是可以(yi)),這樣做的(de)好處(chu)是可以(yi)防止產生電(dian)弧,由于(yu)硅脂的(de)潤滑(hua)作用減輕了簧片與碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)片的(de)摩擦,從而使(shi)電(dian)位(wei)器在(zai)調諧時(shi)電(dian)阻(zu)的(de)變化均衡平滑(hua),效果良好。