一、碳膜電位器和繞線電位器區別在哪里

1、線繞電位器

線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)繞電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)是由(you)繞在骨架(jia)上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)絲線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈和(he)沿電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)移動(dong)的(de)滑臂(bei)以(yi)及(ji)其上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，骨架(jia)截面應處處相等(deng)，由(you)材料和(he)截面均勻的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)絲等(deng)節(jie)距(ju)繞制而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)繞電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)體大多是采用(yong)(yong)的(de)多碳酸(suan)類(lei)的(de)合成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樹脂(zhi)材料來制成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)，所以(yi)應該(gai)避免(mian)與(yu)以(yi)下這(zhe)些物品直(zhi)接接觸：氨水，其它胺(an)類(lei)，堿(jian)水溶液，芳香族碳氫化合物，酮類(lei)，脂(zhi)類(lei)的(de)碳氫化合物，強烈化學品(酸(suan)堿(jian)值過高)等(deng)，否則會影響線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)繞電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)能(neng)。線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)繞電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)端子(zi)在焊(han)接時(shi)應避免(mian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)水溶性(xing)助焊(han)劑，否則將助長金屬氧化與(yu)材料發霉，避免(mian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)劣質焊(han)劑，焊(han)錫不(bu)(bu)良(liang)可(ke)能(neng)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)錫困難，導(dao)致接觸不(bu)(bu)良(liang)或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)斷(duan)路。線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)繞電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)端子(zi)在焊(han)接過程中(zhong)若焊(han)接溫度過高或(huo)(huo)焊(han)接時(shi)間(jian)過長可(ke)能(neng)導(dao)致對線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)繞電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)損(sun)壞。插腳(jiao)式端子(zi)焊(han)接時(shi)應在235℃±5℃，3秒鐘(zhong)內完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，焊(han)接應離電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)本體1.5MM以(yi)上(shang)，焊(han)接時(shi)勿使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)焊(han)錫流穿線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路板(ban)，焊(han)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)式端子(zi)焊(han)接時(shi)應在350℃±10℃，3秒鐘(zhong)內完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。且(qie)端子(zi)應避免(mian)重(zhong)壓，否則易造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)接觸不(bu)(bu)良(liang)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"淺嘗不止—"提供，版權聲明反饋

2、碳膜電位器

碳膜(mo)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)在馬蹄形的紙膠板上涂上一(yi)(yi)層碳膜(mo)而(er)制成(cheng)(cheng)的一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)。碳膜(mo)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)阻值變(bian)化和中間觸頭位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)的關系有直線式、對數式和指數式三(san)種(zhong)。碳膜(mo)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)有大型(xing)、小型(xing)、微型(xing)幾種(zhong)，有的和開(kai)關一(yi)(yi)起(qi)組成(cheng)(cheng)帶開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)。從外觀方面來看，脈沖電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)與(yu)普通電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)樣都是(shi)(shi)三(san)個(ge)(ge)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，但在其(qi)內部與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)1、2相(xiang)(xiang)連的是(shi)(shi)兩個(ge)(ge)長(chang)短不一(yi)(yi)的金(jin)屬(shu)靜片，與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3相(xiang)(xiang)連的是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)周有12或24個(ge)(ge)齒的金(jin)屬(shu)動片。當脈沖電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)旋轉時可出現四(si)種(zhong)狀(zhuang)態：即引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)1相(xiang)(xiang)連，引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)2及引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)1全相(xiang)(xiang)連。引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)2相(xiang)(xiang)連，引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)2及引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)1全斷開(kai)。碳膜(mo)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的電(dian)(dian)阻體(ti)是(shi)(shi)用經過研磨(mo)的碳黑、石(shi)墨(mo)、石(shi)英等(deng)材料涂敷于基體(ti)表面而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)，該(gai)工藝簡單，是(shi)(shi)目(mu)前應用最廣泛(fan)的電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)。碳膜(mo)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的特點(dian)是(shi)(shi)分辨力(li)高耐(nai)磨(mo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao)，壽命較長(chang)。缺(que)點(dian)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)流噪聲，非(fei)線性(xing)(xing)(xing)大，耐(nai)潮性(xing)(xing)(xing)以及阻值穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)差。

綜上所述(shu)，二者最大的(de)區別是線繞電(dian)位器(qi)比碳膜電(dian)位器(qi)的(de)功率(lv)大得多，前(qian)者可(ke)根據需要(yao)制成功率(lv)不同的(de)電(dian)位器(qi)。

二、碳膜電位器怎么修

1、替換法

有些碳(tan)膜(mo)電(dian)位器(qi)磨損嚴重，用(yong)摩擦清洗法根本(ben)就(jiu)不能解決問(wen)題，比如接觸(chu)簧片(pian)與碳(tan)膜(mo)片(pian)發(fa)生斷裂，這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)問(wen)題一(yi)般都(dou)是采用(yong)替換法來解決。首先把(ba)損壞的(de)(de)碳(tan)膜(mo)電(dian)位器(qi)從設備上(shang)拆下來，然后(hou)對它進行(xing)分拆，將壞了的(de)(de)簧片(pian)與碳(tan)膜(mo)片(pian)用(yong)以前廢(fei)舊電(dian)位器(qi)中(zhong)好的(de)(de)進行(xing)替換再(zai)組合就(jiu)行(xing)了。

2、摩擦清洗法

剛開始碳(tan)(tan)膜電位(wei)器的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損還不(bu)嚴(yan)重，表現出來的(de)(de)(de)問題也(ye)只是(shi)在(zai)(zai)調節時聲音出現雜音或(huo)音量時大時小，畫面有一些(xie)雜波等，這(zhe)主(zhu)要是(shi)由于碳(tan)(tan)膜電位(wei)器在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)過程中侵入(ru)了灰塵或(huo)觸(chu)簧(huang)在(zai)(zai)與(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)摩擦下產生(sheng)了塵埃從而污染了觸(chu)點，致使(shi)觸(chu)簧(huang)與(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜片(pian)接觸(chu)不(bu)良(liang)而產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)。對(dui)于這(zhe)種問題，經常(chang)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)修復(fu)方法(fa)首先前提是(shi)不(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)來回(hui)滑動或(huo)旋轉電位(wei)器，這(zhe)樣(yang)做可以去除觸(chu)點與(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜片(pian)上的(de)(de)(de)污物(wu)，讓(rang)觸(chu)點變得光(guang)潔，即使(shi)不(bu)清(qing)洗(xi)也(ye)能讓(rang)設備暫時恢復(fu)正常(chang)，這(zhe)對(dui)于解決臨時問題不(bu)失為一個可取的(de)(de)(de)辦法(fa)。為了讓(rang)問題進一步的(de)(de)(de)得到解決，我們就可以在(zai)(zai)摩擦之(zhi)后對(dui)電位(wei)器用清(qing)洗(xi)液進行清(qing)洗(xi)，徹底(di)洗(xi)掉電位(wei)器碳(tan)(tan)膜片(pian)上的(de)(de)(de)污物(wu)，讓(rang)簧(huang)片(pian)與(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜片(pian)接觸(chu)良(liang)好(hao)。

3、潤滑保護法

為了延(yan)長修(xiu)理后的電位器的使用壽命，經(jing)常在碳(tan)膜電位器的碳(tan)膜片上涂一點硅脂（縫紉機油也是(shi)(shi)可以），這樣做的好處(chu)是(shi)(shi)可以防止產生電弧(hu)，由于硅脂的潤滑(hua)作用減輕(qing)了簧片與碳(tan)膜片的摩(mo)擦，從而(er)使電位器在調諧時電阻的變化(hua)均衡平滑(hua)，效果良好。