電腦散熱器的類型有哪些
1、風冷散熱
風(feng)冷散(san)熱是最常見的,而且(qie)非常簡單,就(jiu)是使(shi)用風(feng)扇帶走散(san)熱器所吸(xi)收的熱量。具(ju)有價格相對較低,安裝(zhuang)簡單等優點(dian),但對環境依賴比較高,例如氣(qi)溫升高以(yi)及(ji)超頻時其散(san)熱性能(neng)就(jiu)會大受影響。
2、熱管
熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)是一種具(ju)有(you)高(gao)導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)能的(de)傳熱(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)件,它(ta)通(tong)過在全封閉真空管(guan)(guan)內的(de)液體(ti)的(de)蒸發(fa)與凝結(jie)來(lai)傳遞(di)熱(re)(re)(re)量,它(ta)利用(yong)毛(mao)吸作用(yong)等(deng)流體(ti)原理,起到(dao)類似冰箱(xiang)壓(ya)縮機制冷(leng)的(de)效(xiao)果。具(ju)有(you)高(gao)的(de)導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)、良好的(de)等(deng)溫性(xing)(xing)、冷(leng)熱(re)(re)(re)兩側(ce)的(de)傳熱(re)(re)(re)面積(ji)可任(ren)意改(gai)變、可遠距(ju)離傳熱(re)(re)(re)、可控制溫度等(deng)一系列優(you)點(dian),并且由(you)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)組成(cheng)的(de)換熱(re)(re)(re)器具(ju)有(you)傳熱(re)(re)(re)效(xiao)率(lv)高(gao)、結(jie)構緊湊、流體(ti)阻損小(xiao)等(deng)優(you)點(dian)。由(you)于(yu)其特殊的(de)傳熱(re)(re)(re)特性(xing)(xing),因(yin)而(er)可控制管(guan)(guan)壁溫度,避免露(lu)點(dian)腐蝕。
3、液冷
液冷(leng)則是使用液體在泵的帶動(dong)下強制循環帶走散熱(re)器的熱(re)量,與風冷(leng)相(xiang)比(bi)具有安(an)靜、降溫(wen)穩定(ding)、對環境依(yi)賴(lai)小(xiao)等等優點(dian)。但(dan)熱(re)管和液冷(leng)的價格相(xiang)對較高,而且安(an)裝也(ye)相(xiang)對麻(ma)煩一(yi)些。
小編提醒:實際上,任何類型的散熱器基本上都會同時使用以上三種熱(re)(re)(re)傳(chuan)遞方式,只(zhi)是(shi)側(ce)重點不同罷了。比如普(pu)通(tong)的(de)(de)CPU風冷散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)器,CPU散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)片(pian)與CPU表面(mian)直(zhi)接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu),CPU表面(mian)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)量通(tong)過熱(re)(re)(re)傳(chuan)導(dao)傳(chuan)遞給CPU散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)片(pian);散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)風扇產生氣流通(tong)過熱(re)(re)(re)對流將CPU散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)片(pian)表面(mian)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)量帶走;而機(ji)箱內空(kong)氣的(de)(de)流動也是(shi)通(tong)過熱(re)(re)(re)對流將CPU散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)片(pian)周(zhou)圍空(kong)氣的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)量帶走,直(zhi)到機(ji)箱外;同時所有溫度高(gao)的(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)會對周(zhou)圍溫度低的(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)發生熱(re)(re)(re)輻射(she)。
電腦散熱器材質有哪些
散(san)(san)熱(re)片材質(zhi)(zhi)是指(zhi)散(san)(san)熱(re)片所使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的具(ju)體(ti)材料。每種材料其導(dao)(dao)熱(re)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)是不同的,按導(dao)(dao)熱(re)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)從高(gao)到低(di)(di)排列,分別(bie)是銀,銅(tong)(tong),鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv),鋼。不過(guo)如(ru)果用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)銀來作散(san)(san)熱(re)片會太昂貴,故最好(hao)的方案為采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)銅(tong)(tong)質(zhi)(zhi)。雖然(ran)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)便宜得多(duo),但(dan)顯然(ran)導(dao)(dao)熱(re)性(xing)就(jiu)不如(ru)銅(tong)(tong)好(hao)(大(da)約(yue)只有銅(tong)(tong)的百(bai)分之(zhi)五十多(duo)點(dian))。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的散(san)(san)熱(re)片材質(zhi)(zhi)是銅(tong)(tong)和鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金,二者各有其優缺點(dian)。銅(tong)(tong)的導(dao)(dao)熱(re)性(xing)好(hao),但(dan)價格較貴,加工難度較高(gao),重量(liang)(liang)(liang)過(guo)大(da)(很多(duo)純(chun)銅(tong)(tong)散(san)(san)熱(re)器都超過(guo)了CPU對重量(liang)(liang)(liang)的限制),熱(re)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)較小,而且容易氧化。而純(chun)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)太軟,不能(neng)(neng)直(zhi)接使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),都是使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金才能(neng)(neng)提供足夠的硬度,鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金的優點(dian)是價格低(di)(di)廉,重量(liang)(liang)(liang)輕,但(dan)導(dao)(dao)熱(re)性(xing)比銅(tong)(tong)就(jiu)要差(cha)很多(duo)。有些散(san)(san)熱(re)器就(jiu)各取所長,在鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金散(san)(san)熱(re)器底座上(shang)嵌入一片銅(tong)(tong)板。對于(yu)普通用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶而言(yan),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)材散(san)(san)熱(re)片已經足以達到散(san)(san)熱(re)需(xu)求了。