一、電動推桿是干什么用的

電動推桿又名直(zhi)線(xian)驅動器，主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)由電機推桿和控制(zhi)裝(zhuang)置等機構組成的(de)一(yi)種新型(xing)直(zhi)線(xian)執行機構，可(ke)以認為是(shi)(shi)旋轉電機在(zai)結構方面的(de)一(yi)種延伸。

電動推桿是一種將電動機的旋轉運動轉變為推桿的直線往復運動的電力驅動裝置。可用于各種簡單或復雜的工藝流程中做為執行機械使用，以實現遠距離控制、集中控制或自動控制。多用于家用電器、廚具、醫療器械(xie)、汽(qi)車(che)等行業的運動驅動單元(yuan)。

二、電動推桿結構

電動推桿(gan)由(you)驅動電機、減(jian)速(su)齒輪(lun)、螺桿(gan)、螺母、導套、推桿(gan)、滑(hua)座(zuo)、彈簧、外殼及渦輪(lun)、微動控制(zhi)開(kai)關等組成。

電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)(gan)是(shi)一種新型的電(dian)(dian)動(dong)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)機構，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)(gan)主要由(you)電(dian)(dian)機、推(tui)桿(gan)(gan)和控制裝置(zhi)等(deng)機構組成的一種新型直線執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)機構，可以實現遠距離控制、集中控制。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)(gan)在一定(ding)范(fan)圍(wei)行(xing)(xing)程內作往(wang)返運動(dong)，一般電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推(tui)桿(gan)(gan)標準行(xing)(xing)程在，100，150，200，250，300，350，400mm，特(te)殊(shu)行(xing)(xing)程也可根據不同(tong)應用條(tiao)件(jian)要求設計(ji)定(ding)做(zuo)。

電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)(tui)桿(gan)可以(yi)根據不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)負荷而(er)設計不(bu)同(tong)推(tui)(tui)(tui)力的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)(tui)桿(gan)，一(yi)般(ban)其最大推(tui)(tui)(tui)力可達(da)6000N，空載(zai)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)速度(du)為(wei)(wei)4mm~35mm/s，電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)(tui)桿(gan)以(yi)24V/12V直流永磁電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力源，把電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)旋轉運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉化為(wei)(wei)直線往復運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)組連桿(gan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)來完成(cheng)風門(men)(men)、閥(fa)門(men)(men)、閘(zha)門(men)(men)、擋板等(deng)(deng)切換工作(zuo)。采用(yong)(yong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)(tui)桿(gan)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)不(bu)僅可減(jian)少(shao)采用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)所需的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)源裝(zhuang)置和輔助設備，也可減(jian)少(shao)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)重量。氣(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)在整個控(kong)制(zhi)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)過程中都需要(yao)(yao)有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)，雖然(ran)可采用(yong)(yong)消耗(hao)量小的(de)(de)(de)放大器等(deng)(deng)，但日積(ji)月累，耗(hao)氣(qi)(qi)量仍是巨大的(de)(de)(de)。采用(yong)(yong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)(tui)桿(gan)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)，在改(gai)變控(kong)制(zhi)開度(du)時(shi)，需要(yao)(yao)供電(dian)，在達(da)到所需開度(du)時(shi)就可不(bu)再供電(dian)，因此從(cong)節(jie)能(neng)看，電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)(tui)桿(gan)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)比氣(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)有明顯節(jie)能(neng)優(you)點(dian)。適用(yong)(yong)于遠距離操縱而(er)廣泛用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)力、化工、冶(ye)金、礦山、輕(qing)工、交通、船(chuan)舶(bo)等(deng)(deng)部門(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)風門(men)(men)、閥(fa)門(men)(men)、閘(zha)門(men)(men)等(deng)(deng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)啟閉、物料裝(zhuang)卸、流量控(kong)制(zhi)等(deng)(deng)。現已被越來越多的(de)(de)(de)部門(men)(men)用(yong)(yong)它來代替機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)手、液壓(ya)閥(fa)、減(jian)速傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)置。

三、電動推桿工作原理

電動(dong)(dong)機經(jing)齒輪或(huo)蝸輪蝸桿(gan)減速后，帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)一對絲桿(gan)螺母。把電機的旋轉運(yun)動(dong)(dong)變(bian)成直線運(yun)動(dong)(dong)，利(li)用(yong)電動(dong)(dong)機正反轉完成推桿(gan)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。如(ru)通過(guo)各種杠(gang)桿(gan)、搖(yao)桿(gan)或(huo)連桿(gan)等機構可完成轉動(dong)(dong)、搖(yao)動(dong)(dong)等復雜動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。通過(guo)改變(bian)杠(gang)桿(gan)力臂長度，可以(yi)增(zeng)大或(huo)減小行(xing)程。

行程控制裝置：

1、蝸(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)桿(gan)傳動形(xing)式：電機齒輪(lun)(lun)上的蝸(gua)(gua)桿(gan)帶(dai)動蝸(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)轉動，使蝸(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)內的小絲桿(gan)作軸(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)移動，由連接板帶(dai)動限位(wei)桿(gan)相應作軸(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)移動，至所需(xu)行程(cheng)時，通(tong)過(guo)調節(jie)限位(wei)塊(kuai)壓(ya)下行程(cheng)開關斷電，電動機停止運轉（正(zheng)反控(kong)制相同）。

2、齒輪(lun)(lun)傳動(dong)(dong)形(xing)式：電(dian)機通過減速齒輪(lun)(lun)后帶動(dong)(dong)安裝于內管的小絲桿，帶動(dong)(dong)與(yu)之連接一起的做軸(zhou)向(xiang)運(yun)行螺母(mu)，至(zhi)所設定(ding)的行程時螺母(mu)觸角壓住限位(wei)開(kai)關斷開(kai)電(dian)源，電(dian)機停止運(yun)動(dong)(dong)（反向(xiang)與(yu)之相同）。

可選配電位器，用以顯示推(tui)桿運行的行程狀態，還(huan)可加配編碼器，來實現分幾步走(zou)完整個行程（即(ji)走(zou)走(zou)停(ting)(ting)停(ting)(ting)）。