一、電流表接線方法
在電學實驗或電路調試中,常用到電流表來測量電流大小,使用電流表時,電流表的接線非常關鍵,一般電流表的接線有三種方法:
1、串聯法
將(jiang)電(dian)流(liu)表(biao)串聯(lian)在電(dian)路中,以測量(liang)電(dian)路中的(de)電(dian)流(liu)。這種方法需(xu)要斷(duan)開電(dian)路,將(jiang)電(dian)流(liu)表(biao)的(de)正(zheng)負極分別接入電(dian)路中間,再(zai)接上電(dian)源。需(xu)要注意電(dian)流(liu)表(biao)的(de)額(e)定電(dian)流(liu)不(bu)能小于電(dian)路中要測量(liang)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)。
2、并聯法
將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)并聯(lian)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong),以(yi)測量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)負(fu)載(zai)中(zhong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。這種方法(fa)可以(yi)在(zai)不斷(duan)開電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)進行測量。需(xu)要在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)上加一個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流計支(zhi)路(lu)(lu),并將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)的(de)(de)正極(ji)與(yu)負(fu)載(zai)相(xiang)連(lian),將(jiang)負(fu)極(ji)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源相(xiang)連(lian)。
3、夾式法
夾式電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表(biao)可以(yi)直(zhi)接(jie)夾在被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路的導線(xian)上,不需(xu)要斷開電(dian)(dian)路。但使用夾式電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表(biao)時需(xu)要根據其額定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)調整被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路的負載電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu),以(yi)免(mian)過載損壞電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表(biao)。
二、電流表接線注意事項
1、接線的時候需要(yao)分清正(zheng)負(fu)極(ji),從正(zheng)極(ji)入從負(fu)極(ji)出,不能接反(fan)。
2、電流表要和負載串聯。
3、任何情況下都不能把電(dian)流表直接接到電(dian)源正負極。
三、電流表接線柱接反了會怎么樣
使(shi)用電(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)(biao)時,要確保電(dian)(dian)流(liu)由(you)正接線柱(zhu)(zhu)流(liu)入(ru),負(fu)(fu)接線柱(zhu)(zhu)流(liu)出(chu),如果電(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)(biao)的正負(fu)(fu)接線柱(zhu)(zhu)的位置接反了,指(zhi)針會向左偏轉(zhuan),即反向偏轉(zhuan)。如果電(dian)(dian)流(liu)超出(chu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)(biao)的量程,還會導致電(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)(biao)被燒(shao)壞。