一、電流表接線方法

在電學實驗或電路調試中，常用到電流表來測量電流大小，使用電流表時，電流表的接線非常關鍵，一般電流表的接線有三種方法：

1、串聯法

將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)串聯在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)，以測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。這(zhe)種方法需要斷開電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)的正(zheng)負極分別接(jie)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)間，再(zai)接(jie)上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。需要注意電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)的額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流不能(neng)小于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)要測(ce)量(liang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。

2、并聯法

將電(dian)(dian)流(liu)表并聯在(zai)電(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)，以測(ce)量電(dian)(dian)路負(fu)載中(zhong)(zhong)的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。這種方法可以在(zai)不斷開電(dian)(dian)路的情況下進行測(ce)量。需要(yao)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)路上加一個電(dian)(dian)流(liu)計支路，并將電(dian)(dian)流(liu)表的正極與(yu)負(fu)載相(xiang)連，將負(fu)極與(yu)電(dian)(dian)源相(xiang)連。

3、夾式法

夾式電流表(biao)可以直接夾在被測(ce)電路(lu)的(de)導線(xian)上(shang)，不需(xu)要斷開電路(lu)。但使用夾式電流表(biao)時(shi)需(xu)要根據其(qi)額定電流調(diao)整(zheng)被測(ce)電路(lu)的(de)負載電流，以免(mian)過載損壞電流表(biao)。

二、電流表接線注意事項

1、接(jie)線的(de)時候需要分(fen)清正負極，從(cong)正極入從(cong)負極出，不能接(jie)反。

2、電流表(biao)要和負(fu)載串(chuan)聯。

3、任(ren)何(he)情況下都(dou)不能把電(dian)流表直(zhi)接接到電(dian)源正負極(ji)。

三、電流表接線柱接反了會怎么樣

使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)時(shi)，要確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)由正接線柱(zhu)流(liu)入，負接線柱(zhu)流(liu)出，如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)的(de)正負接線柱(zhu)的(de)位置(zhi)接反(fan)了(le)，指針會(hui)向(xiang)左偏轉(zhuan)，即反(fan)向(xiang)偏轉(zhuan)。如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)超(chao)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)的(de)量程，還會(hui)導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)被(bei)燒壞。