一、電流表接線方法
在電學實驗或電路調試中,常用到電流表來測量電流大小,使用電流表時,電流表的接線非常關鍵,一般電流表的接線有三種方法:
1、串聯法
將電(dian)流(liu)(liu)表串(chuan)聯(lian)在電(dian)路中(zhong),以測量(liang)電(dian)路中(zhong)的電(dian)流(liu)(liu)。這(zhe)種方法需(xu)要斷開(kai)電(dian)路,將電(dian)流(liu)(liu)表的正負(fu)極分別接入(ru)電(dian)路中(zhong)間,再接上電(dian)源(yuan)。需(xu)要注意(yi)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)表的額(e)定(ding)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)不能小于(yu)電(dian)路中(zhong)要測量(liang)的電(dian)流(liu)(liu)。
2、并聯法
將電(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)并聯在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong),以測量電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)負(fu)載(zai)中(zhong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。這種(zhong)方法可以在(zai)(zai)不斷開電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)情況下進行(xing)測量。需要在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)上加一個電(dian)(dian)流(liu)計(ji)支路(lu)(lu),并將電(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)的(de)正極與負(fu)載(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)連,將負(fu)極與電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)相(xiang)(xiang)連。
3、夾式法
夾式(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)(biao)可以直接夾在被測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的導(dao)線(xian)上,不(bu)需(xu)要斷(duan)開電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。但(dan)使用夾式(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)(biao)時需(xu)要根據其額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)流調整被測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的負載電(dian)(dian)(dian)流,以免(mian)過載損壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)(biao)。
二、電流表接線注意事項
1、接線的時候需要分清(qing)正(zheng)負極(ji)(ji)(ji),從正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)入從負極(ji)(ji)(ji)出,不能(neng)接反。
2、電流表(biao)要和負(fu)載串(chuan)聯。
3、任(ren)何情況下(xia)都不能把電流(liu)表直接(jie)接(jie)到電源正負極。
三、電流表接線柱接反了會怎么樣
使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表時,要確保(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)由正接(jie)(jie)線(xian)柱(zhu)流(liu)(liu)入,負(fu)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)柱(zhu)流(liu)(liu)出,如(ru)果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表的(de)(de)正負(fu)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)柱(zhu)的(de)(de)位置接(jie)(jie)反了,指針會向左偏轉,即反向偏轉。如(ru)果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)超出電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表的(de)(de)量(liang)程,還(huan)會導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表被(bei)燒壞。