電磁繼電器可(ke)以用低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)流控制高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，還(huan)可(ke)實現遠距離操縱和生產自動化，在現代生活中起著(zhu)越來越重要(yao)的作用。

二、電磁繼電器的工作原理

繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器，一(yi)般(ban)指的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)機械動作那種(zhong)。繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)作用本質是(shi)(shi)用一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)回路（一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)(shi)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)流）去控制另外一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)回路（一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)(shi)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流）的(de)(de)通(tong)斷(duan)，而且(qie)這個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)控制過程中，兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)回路一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)(shi)隔離的(de)(de)，它的(de)(de)基本原(yuan)理，是(shi)(shi)利用了電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)效應來控制機械觸(chu)點達(da)到通(tong)斷(duan)目的(de)(de)，給帶有鐵芯線圈(quan)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)-線圈(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流產(chan)生(sheng)磁(ci)(ci)場-磁(ci)(ci)場吸(xi)附銜鐵動作通(tong)斷(duan)觸(chu)點，整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)過程是(shi)(shi)“小電(dian)(dian)(dian)流-磁(ci)(ci)-機械-大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流”這樣一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)過程。

只要在線圈(quan)兩端(duan)加上一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓，線圈(quan)中(zhong)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)流(liu)過一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，從而(er)(er)產生電(dian)(dian)磁效應(ying)，銜(xian)鐵就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)在電(dian)(dian)磁力(li)吸引的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用下克服返回彈簧(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)拉力(li)吸向鐵芯，從而(er)(er)帶動(dong)(dong)銜(xian)鐵的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)觸(chu)點與(yu)靜(jing)觸(chu)點（常(chang)開觸(chu)點）吸合。當線圈(quan)斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)后，電(dian)(dian)磁的(de)(de)(de)(de)吸力(li)也隨(sui)之(zhi)消失，銜(xian)鐵就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)在彈簧(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反作用力(li)返回原(yuan)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置，使動(dong)(dong)觸(chu)點與(yu)原(yuan)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)觸(chu)點（常(chang)閉(bi)觸(chu)點）釋放(fang)。這樣吸合、釋放(fang)，從而(er)(er)達(da)到了在電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)通、切斷(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。對于繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)“常(chang)開(kai)、常(chang)閉”觸點(dian)，可以這樣來區(qu)分：繼電(dian)器(qi)線(xian)圈未通電(dian)時(shi)處于斷開(kai)狀(zhuang)態(tai)的(de)靜(jing)觸點(dian)，稱(cheng)(cheng)為“常(chang)開(kai)觸點(dian)”；處于接通狀(zhuang)態(tai)的(de)靜(jing)觸點(dian)稱(cheng)(cheng)為“常(chang)閉觸點(dian)”。

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三、電磁繼電器的應用

防訊報(bao)(bao)警(jing)器：水(shui)位上漲超(chao)過警(jing)戒(jie)線時，浮子上升，使(shi)控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)接通(tong)，電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵(tie)吸下銜(xian)鐵(tie)，于是報(bao)(bao)警(jing)器指示燈(deng)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)接通(tong)，燈(deng)亮報(bao)(bao)警(jing)。

溫度(du)(du)自動報警(jing)器：當溫度(du)(du)升高到一定值時，水(shui)(shui)銀(yin)溫度(du)(du)計中水(shui)(shui)銀(yin)面(mian)(mian)上升到金屬絲(si)處，水(shui)(shui)銀(yin)是導體。因此將電(dian)磁鐵(tie)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)接通，電(dian)磁鐵(tie)吸引彈(dan)簧片，使電(dian)鈴電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)閉合，電(dian)鈴響(xiang)報警(jing)，當溫度(du)(du)下降后，水(shui)(shui)銀(yin)面(mian)(mian)離開金屬絲(si)，電(dian)磁鐵(tie)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)斷開，彈(dan)簧片回原(yuan)狀，電(dian)鈴電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)斷開，電(dian)鈴不再發(fa)聲。