電磁繼電器可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)低電(dian)(dian)壓、弱電(dian)(dian)流控制(zhi)高電(dian)(dian)壓、強電(dian)(dian)流電(dian)(dian)路，還(huan)可(ke)實現(xian)遠距(ju)離操縱(zong)和生(sheng)產自動化，在現(xian)代生(sheng)活中起著越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)重要的作用(yong)。

二、電磁繼電器的工作原理

繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，一般(ban)指的(de)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)機(ji)械動(dong)作(zuo)那(nei)種。繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)本質是(shi)(shi)用(yong)一個(ge)(ge)(ge)回(hui)路（一般(ban)是(shi)(shi)小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)）去控(kong)制另(ling)外一個(ge)(ge)(ge)回(hui)路（一般(ban)是(shi)(shi)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)）的(de)通(tong)斷(duan)，而(er)且這個(ge)(ge)(ge)控(kong)制過(guo)程(cheng)中，兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)回(hui)路一般(ban)是(shi)(shi)隔離的(de)，它的(de)基(ji)本原理，是(shi)(shi)利用(yong)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)效應來控(kong)制機(ji)械觸(chu)點達到通(tong)斷(duan)目的(de)，給帶(dai)有鐵芯線圈通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)-線圈電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)產生磁(ci)場-磁(ci)場吸附銜鐵動(dong)作(zuo)通(tong)斷(duan)觸(chu)點，整個(ge)(ge)(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)是(shi)(shi)“小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)-磁(ci)-機(ji)械-大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)”這樣一個(ge)(ge)(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)。

只要(yao)在線圈(quan)兩端加上一(yi)定的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓，線圈(quan)中(zhong)就(jiu)會流過一(yi)定的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流，從而(er)產生電(dian)(dian)磁效應，銜(xian)鐵就(jiu)會在電(dian)(dian)磁力吸引的(de)(de)作用(yong)下克服(fu)返(fan)回(hui)彈簧(huang)的(de)(de)拉力吸向鐵芯，從而(er)帶動(dong)銜(xian)鐵的(de)(de)動(dong)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)與靜觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)（常(chang)開觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)）吸合(he)。當線圈(quan)斷電(dian)(dian)后，電(dian)(dian)磁的(de)(de)吸力也隨之(zhi)消(xiao)失，銜(xian)鐵就(jiu)會在彈簧(huang)的(de)(de)反作用(yong)力返(fan)回(hui)原(yuan)來(lai)的(de)(de)位置，使動(dong)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)與原(yuan)來(lai)的(de)(de)靜觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)（常(chang)閉觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)）釋放(fang)。這樣吸合(he)、釋放(fang)，從而(er)達到了(le)在電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)導通、切斷的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。對于繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)“常(chang)(chang)開、常(chang)(chang)閉”觸(chu)點(dian)，可以這樣來區(qu)分：繼電器線圈未(wei)通電時處于斷開狀(zhuang)態的靜觸(chu)點(dian)，稱(cheng)為(wei)“常(chang)(chang)開觸(chu)點(dian)”；處于接通狀(zhuang)態的靜觸(chu)點(dian)稱(cheng)為(wei)“常(chang)(chang)閉觸(chu)點(dian)”。

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三、電磁繼電器的應用

防訊報(bao)警(jing)(jing)(jing)器：水位上(shang)漲超過警(jing)(jing)(jing)戒線時，浮子上(shang)升(sheng)，使控制電(dian)路接通(tong)，電(dian)磁鐵吸(xi)下銜鐵，于是報(bao)警(jing)(jing)(jing)器指示燈電(dian)路接通(tong)，燈亮(liang)報(bao)警(jing)(jing)(jing)。

溫度(du)自動報(bao)警(jing)器：當溫度(du)升高到一定值時，水銀溫度(du)計中(zhong)水銀面上升到金屬(shu)(shu)絲(si)處，水銀是導體。因(yin)此將電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)接通，電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵吸引(yin)彈(dan)簧片，使電(dian)(dian)鈴電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)閉合，電(dian)(dian)鈴響報(bao)警(jing)，當溫度(du)下降后，水銀面離開金屬(shu)(shu)絲(si)，電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)斷開，彈(dan)簧片回原(yuan)狀，電(dian)(dian)鈴電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)斷開，電(dian)(dian)鈴不再發(fa)聲。