電子詞典組成部分

1、MCU

MCU是Main Control Unit的(de)(de)縮寫(xie)，中文意思為(wei)主要控制單元，或者(zhe)說(shuo)主控制器，也就相當(dang)于電(dian)腦(nao)里的(de)(de)CPU,人的(de)(de)大腦(nao)。MCU是電(dian)子詞典中最重要的(de)(de)一個器件(jian)，其他(ta)的(de)(de)器件(jian)都(dou)是受其控制和操作的(de)(de)。

2、存儲設備

在電子詞典里(li)常(chang)見的存(cun)儲(chu)芯片(pian)有三種：MASKROM掩膜只讀存(cun)儲(chu)器，FLASH閃存(cun)和SRAM靜態(tai)隨機存(cun)取器。它們是(shi)通過不(bu)同的工藝制造(zao)出(chu)來的，功能(neng)也不(bu)盡相同。MASK ROM里(li)面的資料(liao)只能(neng)一次性的在廠(chang)家寫入，一旦(dan)寫入，就無法更(geng)改里(li)面的內容(rong)。FLASH則可(ke)寫入內容(rong)，還可(ke)以(yi)(yi)擦(ca)除更(geng)改，這兩種芯片(pian)里(li)的內容(rong)即使沒有電也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)保存(cun)下來，資料(liao)不(bu)會丟失。

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3、電源及低電壓檢測

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)詞典中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)就(jiu)相當于人類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心臟，它(ta)給(gei)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)恒定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)源(yuan)源(yuan)不(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動力(li)供(gong)應。日常所用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)器(qi)(qi)件都有(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)（不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)器(qi)(qi)件，有(you)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)），通(tong)(tong)常為(wei)2.7伏(fu)到(dao)(dao)3.6伏(fu)之間，超(chao)過這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)，就(jiu)有(you)可能造成(cheng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)穩定(ding)，資料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丟(diu)失，甚至芯片的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損壞。而的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)固(gu)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，新電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池兩節(jie)大(da)約(yue)在3.2伏(fu)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)，用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間長(chang)了(le)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)就(jiu)降下來(lai)了(le)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)模(mo)塊(kuai)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)確保整個(ge)(ge)(ge)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)總是(shi)(shi)工作(zuo)在固(gu)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)上。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)經(jing)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)模(mo)塊(kuai)穩壓(ya)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)，出(chu)(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)了(le)。一(yi)般為(wei)3.0伏(fu)或者3.3伏(fu)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池用(yong)到(dao)(dao)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候確實電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)多了(le)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)某一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)值以(yi)(yi)下時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)模(mo)塊(kuai)也頗感吃力(li)，提(ti)(ti)供(gong)不(bu)了(le)那么(me)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)輸出(chu)(chu)，只(zhi)能干一(yi)些輕松的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，就(jiu)要采(cai)取一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)施(shi)了(le)，比如提(ti)(ti)示報警、禁(jin)止(zhi)發音(yin)、禁(jin)止(zhi)游(you)戲等(deng)等(deng)。不(bu)然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話，這(zhe)些非(fei)常消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)會拉低系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，造成(cheng)死機，資料丟(diu)失。以(yi)(yi)使用(yong)兩節(jie)7號(hao)堿性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機器(qi)(qi)來(lai)說(shuo)，這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在2.3伏(fu)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)低于2.3伏(fu)，機器(qi)(qi)就(jiu)會自(zi)動檢測(ce)到(dao)(dao)，然后(hou)一(yi)些比較耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)就(jiu)會被禁(jin)止(zhi)了(le),同時(shi)提(ti)(ti)示用(yong)戶。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)低到(dao)(dao)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)更(geng)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)已(yi)經(jing)不(bu)能保證任何(he)功能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)運行了(le)，為(wei)了(le)保護資料及系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，這(zhe)時(shi)就(jiu)要由系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)強行關機了(le)，這(zhe)一(yi)級(ji)檢測(ce)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)常所說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)檢測(ce)。同樣以(yi)(yi)兩節(jie)7號(hao)堿性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機器(qi)(qi)來(lai)說(shuo)，這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)點(dian)一(yi)般在2.0伏(fu)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)。

4、鍵盤

鍵(jian)盤就是按的鍵(jian)，通(tong)常包(bao)括復位鍵(jian)，開關鍵(jian)，方向鍵(jian)，２６字母，數(shu)字，符號，退(tui)出，輸入以及一(yi)些(xie)常用的快捷(jie)鍵(jian)，如目錄、發音(yin)等等。

5、顯示模塊

LCD是(shi)(shi)Liquid Crystal Display的(de)縮寫，中(zhong)(zhong)文名(ming)稱為液態晶體顯(xian)示器，有(you)時簡稱為液晶，由于它的(de)構造(zao)大(da)致是(shi)(shi)由兩(liang)塊玻璃(li)中(zhong)(zhong)夾(jia)著(zhu)液態晶體構成，外表看(kan)也(ye)(ye)象玻璃(li)一樣，所以也(ye)(ye)有(you)人把LCD叫作(zuo)玻璃(li)。通常LCD需(xu)要專用的(de)集成電路(lu)（IC－Integrated Circuit）也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)芯(xin)片(pian)(pian)來驅動(dong)它工作(zuo)，這(zhe)(zhe)個專用的(de)芯(xin)片(pian)(pian)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)LCD Driver,有(you)的(de)主控制器本身有(you)可以直接(jie)驅動(dong)LCD的(de)功(gong)能（或(huo)者(zhe)說把主控制單元和LCD的(de)驅動(dong)單元做在一個芯(xin)片(pian)(pian)上了(le)），就(jiu)不需(xu)要再(zai)外接(jie)LCD的(de)驅動(dong)芯(xin)片(pian)(pian)了(le)，的(de)新英(ying)漢2280的(de)MCU就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)樣。但大(da)多(duo)數MCU不具(ju)備這(zhe)(zhe)種功(gong)能，都需(xu)要外接(jie)獨立的(de)LCD驅動(dong)芯(xin)片(pian)(pian)，如A系(xi)列等(deng).有(you)關顯(xian)示方面的(de)具(ju)體介紹請參考LCD顯(xian)示原理與維修部分。

6、發音部分

電子詞典的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)通常分(fen)為兩種，真人發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)和合(he)成(cheng)發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)。真人發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)把要發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)錄下來(lai)，進(jin)行壓(ya)縮處理存(cun)(cun)下來(lai)，發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候(hou)就先(xian)進(jin)行解壓(ya)縮，再播放出來(lai)。這種發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)方法占(zhan)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)(cun)儲空(kong)間非(fei)常大。發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量和所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)(cun)儲空(kong)間是(shi)成(cheng)比例的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，能發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)越多(duo)，所(suo)需空(kong)間越大，機器成(cheng)本越高，但相(xiang)對(dui)來(lai)說(shuo)，語音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)清晰一(yi)些。合(he)成(cheng)發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)簡單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)來(lai)說(shuo)是(shi)指單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)由各(ge)部分(fen)合(he)成(cheng)而(er)來(lai)。不需要對(dui)每個(ge)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)進(jin)行錄音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，只需要對(dui)各(ge)個(ge)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)標(biao)（或(huo)者說(shuo)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)部分(fen)）錄音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，這些音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)標(biao)可以(yi)用在很多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)里(li)面，音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)標(biao)只有那么多(duo)，所(suo)以(yi)相(xiang)對(dui)來(lai)說(shuo)，他所(suo)占(zhan)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)(cun)儲空(kong)間非(fei)常小。而(er)且(qie)幾乎所(suo)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)詞(ci)(ci)都可以(yi)發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)。這種發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)方法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)質量相(xiang)對(dui)來(lai)說(shuo)要差(cha)一(yi)點。