手動工具的分類有哪些
手動工具根(gen)據用途可分(fen)為扳手類(lei)(lei),鉗子類(lei)(lei),螺絲刀類(lei)(lei),卷尺(chi)類(lei)(lei),錘子類(lei)(lei),套筒(tong)類(lei)(lei),切削類(lei)(lei),剪刀類(lei)(lei),組(zu)套類(lei)(lei),以及輔助類(lei)(lei)如工具車等,每種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)別均有不(bu)同(tong)的(de)型號。
扳(ban)手(shou)有(you)開口扳(ban)手(shou),雙梅花扳(ban)手(shou),棘(ji)輪兩(liang)用扳(ban)手(shou),兩(liang)用扳(ban)手(shou),油(you)管扳(ban)手(shou),T型套筒(tong)扳(ban)手(shou),十字(zi)套筒(tong)扳(ban)手(shou),活絡扳(ban)手(shou)等類別;
鉗(qian)子(zi)有鋼絲(si)鉗(qian),尖嘴(zui)鉗(qian),斜嘴(zui)鉗(qian),擋圈鉗(qian),鯉魚鉗(qian),水泵鉗(qian),管子(zi)鉗(qian),大力鉗(qian)等類別;
螺(luo)絲刀(dao)有(you)一字(zi)(zi)(zi),十字(zi)(zi)(zi),米字(zi)(zi)(zi),六角,花型等類別(bie);
套筒(tong)有1/4",3/8"和(he)1/2"三種(zhong)規格(ge),"是英寸(cun)的表示;同時各規格(ge)又(you)有6角(jiao)套筒(tong)和(he)12角(jiao)套筒(tong)之分;
套筒類型分(fen)為氣動套筒和手(shou)動套筒
錘(chui)子有羊(yang)角錘(chui),鉗工錘(chui),圓頭錘(chui),橡膠錘(chui)和安(an)裝錘(chui)之分;
切削類有(you)銼(cuo)刀,金(jin)剛(gang)銼(cuo)刀,鐵(tie)皮剪,航空(kong)剪,美工刀,方(fang)管(guan)鋸(ju),管(guan)子(zi)割刀,斷線鉗(qian)等類別;在(zai)材(cai)質(zhi)上,有(you)鉻釩鋼,碳鋼,合金(jin)鋼等。
手動工具使用知識大全
螺絲刀
一(yi)種用(yong)來擰轉螺(luo)絲釘(ding)以(yi)迫使其就位的工(gong)具(ju),通(tong)常有一(yi)個(ge)薄楔形頭,可插入螺(luo)絲釘(ding)頭的槽縫(feng)或凹口內(nei),亦稱(cheng)“改錐(zhui)”。
扳手
利用杠桿原理擰轉螺栓、螺釘、螺母和其他螺紋緊持螺栓或螺母的開口或套孔固件的手工工具。扳手(shou)通常在柄部(bu)的一(yi)端或(huo)兩端制(zhi)有夾柄部(bu)施(shi)(shi)加外力(li)柄部(bu)施(shi)(shi)加外力(li),就能擰(ning)轉(zhuan)螺栓(shuan)(shuan)或(huo)螺母(mu)持螺栓(shuan)(shuan)或(huo)螺母(mu)的開口(kou)或(huo)套孔。使用時沿螺紋旋轉(zhuan)方向在柄部(bu)施(shi)(shi)加外力(li),就能擰(ning)轉(zhuan)螺栓(shuan)(shuan)或(huo)螺母(mu)。
錘子
是(shi)(shi)敲打物(wu)體使其移動或(huo)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)工具(ju)。最常用來敲釘(ding)(ding)子,矯正或(huo)是(shi)(shi)將物(wu)件敲開。錘(chui)子有著各(ge)式各(ge)樣的(de)形(xing)式,常見的(de)形(xing)式是(shi)(shi)一柄(bing)把手以及頂部。頂部的(de)一面是(shi)(shi)平坦的(de)以便敲擊(ji),另(ling)一面則是(shi)(shi)錘(chui)頭。錘(chui)頭的(de)形(xing)狀可(ke)以像羊角,也可(ke)以是(shi)(shi)楔形(xing),其功(gong)能(neng)為拉(la)出釘(ding)(ding)子。另(ling)外也有著圓(yuan)頭形(xing)的(de)錘(chui)頭
試電筆
試電(dian)(dian)筆(bi)(bi)也叫(jiao)測電(dian)(dian)筆(bi)(bi),簡稱(cheng)“電(dian)(dian)筆(bi)(bi)”。是(shi)一種電(dian)(dian)工工具,用來測試電(dian)(dian)線(xian)中(zhong)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)。筆(bi)(bi)體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)有一氖泡(pao),測試時如果(guo)氖泡(pao)發光(guang),說(shuo)明導(dao)線(xian)有電(dian)(dian),或者為通路(lu)的(de)火線(xian)。 試電(dian)(dian)筆(bi)(bi)中(zhong)筆(bi)(bi)尖(jian)、筆(bi)(bi)尾、為金(jin)屬(shu)材(cai)料制(zhi)成(cheng),筆(bi)(bi)桿為絕緣(yuan)材(cai)料制(zhi)成(cheng)。 使用試電(dian)(dian)筆(bi)(bi)時,一定要用手(shou)觸及試電(dian)(dian)筆(bi)(bi)尾端的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)部(bu)分(fen),否(fou)(fou)則(ze),因(yin)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)體(ti)(ti)、試電(dian)(dian)筆(bi)(bi)、人體(ti)(ti)與(yu)大地沒有形成(cheng)回路(lu),試電(dian)(dian)筆(bi)(bi)中(zhong)的(de)氖泡(pao)不(bu)會(hui)發光(guang),造(zao)成(cheng)誤(wu)判,認(ren)為帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)體(ti)(ti)不(bu)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)。
卷尺
卷尺是日常(chang)生活(huo)中(zhong)常(chang)用的工量具(ju)。大家(jia)經(jing)常(chang)看到的是鋼卷尺(chi)(chi)(chi),建筑和裝修常(chang)用,也是家(jia)庭(ting)必備工具(ju)之一(yi)。分為纖維卷尺(chi)(chi)(chi),皮尺(chi)(chi)(chi),腰圍尺(chi)(chi)(chi)等。魯班尺(chi)(chi)(chi),風水尺(chi)(chi)(chi),文公尺(chi)(chi)(chi)同樣是屬于鋼卷尺(chi)(chi)(chi)。
壁紙刀
刀的一種,刀片鋒(feng)利,用來(lai)裁壁紙之類(lei)的東西,故名(ming)“壁紙刀”,也稱“美工刀”。裝(zhuang)修,裝(zhuang)飾(shi),廣(guang)告牌(pai)匾行業經(jing)常用到(dao)。
電工刀
電(dian)工(gong)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是電(dian)工(gong)常用(yong)的一種切削工(gong)具。普通(tong)的電(dian)工(gong)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)由(you)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)片(pian)、刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)刃、刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)把(ba)(ba)、刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)掛等構成(cheng)(cheng)。不用(yong)時,把(ba)(ba)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)片(pian)收縮到刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)把(ba)(ba)內(nei)。刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)片(pian)根部(bu)與刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)柄相鉸接,其上帶有刻度(du)線(xian)及刻度(du)標識,前(qian)端(duan)形成(cheng)(cheng)有螺絲刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)頭,兩面加工(gong)有銼刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)面區域,刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)刃上具有一段內(nei)凹形彎刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)口(kou),彎刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)口(kou)末端(duan)形成(cheng)(cheng)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)口(kou)尖,刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)柄上設有防止刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)片(pian)退彈的保(bao)護鈕。電(dian)工(gong)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)片(pian)匯集有多項功能(neng),使(shi)用(yong)時只需一把(ba)(ba)電(dian)工(gong)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)便(bian)可(ke)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)連接導線(xian)的各項操作,無需攜帶其它工(gong)具,具有結構簡單、使(shi)用(yong)方便(bian)、功能(neng)多樣等有益(yi)效果。
鋼鋸
包括手鋸(家(jia)庭用、木工(gong)(gong))、截(jie)鋸(樹枝修剪)、折疊鋸(樹枝修剪)、手用弓鋸、鑲邊(bian)鋸(木工(gong)(gong))、縱切鋸(木工(gong)(gong))、橫(heng)截(jie)鋸(木工(gong)(gong))。
水平尺
水(shui)(shui)平尺帶有水(shui)(shui)平泡,可用(yong)于檢(jian)驗、測理,調(diao)試設備是否安裝(zhuang)水(shui)(shui)平。
銼刀
表面上(shang)有(you)許(xu)多細密刀齒、條形,用(yong)于(yu)銼(cuo)光工件(jian)的手工工具。用(yong)于(yu)對金屬、木(mu)料、皮革等表層做微量加工。
鉗子
是(shi)一種用于夾持、固定加工工件(jian)或者扭轉、彎曲、剪斷金屬絲線的(de)手(shou)工工具。鉗(qian)(qian)子的(de)外形呈(cheng)V形,通常(chang)包括(kuo)手(shou)柄、鉗(qian)(qian)腮和鉗(qian)(qian)嘴三個部(bu)分。
鋼絲鉗
鋼(gang)絲鉗(qian)是一種夾鉗(qian)和剪切工(gong)具,由鉗(qian)頭和鉗(qian)柄(bing)組成,鉗(qian)頭包括鉗(qian)口(kou)、齒口(kou)、刀口(kou)、和鍘口(kou)。鉗(qian)子(zi)的各部位的作(zuo)用是:
①、齒口可(ke)用(yong)來緊固或擰松(song)螺母(mu);
②、刀口可(ke)用(yong)來剖切(qie)(qie)軟電線的橡皮(pi)或塑料(liao)絕緣層,也可(ke)用(yong)來剪切(qie)(qie)電線、鐵絲;
③、鍘口可以(yi)用(yong)來切斷電線、鋼絲(si)等較(jiao)硬(ying)的金屬線;
④、鉗子的(de)絕緣(yuan)塑(su)料(liao)管耐壓500V以(yi)上,有了它可以(yi)帶電(dian)剪切電(dian)線。
尖嘴鉗
尖(jian)嘴(zui)鉗(qian)又叫修口鉗(qian),主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)來(lai)剪切線(xian)(xian)(xian)徑較(jiao)細(xi)的(de)單(dan)股與(yu)多股線(xian)(xian)(xian),以(yi)及給單(dan)股尖(jian)嘴(zui)鉗(qian)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)接頭(tou)彎(wan)圈、剝塑料絕緣層等,它也(ye)是電工(gong)(尤其是內(nei)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電工(gong))常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)工(gong)具之一(yi)。它是由(you)尖(jian)頭(tou)、刀口和鉗(qian)柄(bing)組(zu)成(cheng)。電工(gong)用(yong)(yong)尖(jian)嘴(zui)鉗(qian)的(de)鉗(qian)柄(bing)上套(tao)有額定電壓500V的(de)絕緣套(tao)管。尖(jian)嘴(zui)鉗(qian)由(you)于頭(tou)部較(jiao)尖(jian),使用(yong)(yong)與(yu)狹小空間(jian)的(de)操作(zuo)使用(yong)(yong)用(yong)(yong)尖(jian)嘴(zui)鉗(qian)彎(wan)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)接頭(tou)的(de)操作(zuo)方法是:先(xian)將線(xian)(xian)(xian) 頭(tou)向左(zuo)折(zhe),然后緊靠螺(luo)桿依順時針(zhen)方向向右(you)彎(wan)即成(cheng)。
剝線鉗
剝線鉗為內線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工,電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機修理、儀(yi)器儀(yi)表電(dian)(dian)(dian)工常用(yong)的(de)(de)工具(ju)之(zhi)一,其外(wai)形如下圖。它是(shi)由(you)刀(dao)口(kou)、壓線(xian)口(kou)和鉗(qian)(qian)柄組成(cheng)。剝線(xian)鉗(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)鉗(qian)(qian)柄上套有額(e)定工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓500V的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)套管。剝線(xian)鉗(qian)(qian)適宜用(yong)于塑料、橡(xiang)膠絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜芯(xin)線(xian)的(de)(de)剝皮。使用(yong)方法是(shi):將待剝皮的(de)(de)線(xian)頭置于鉗(qian)(qian)頭的(de)(de)刃(ren)口(kou)中,用(yong)手將兩鉗(qian)(qian)柄一捏(nie),然后一松,絕(jue)緣(yuan)皮便(bian)與芯(xin)線(xian)脫(tuo)開。
萬用表
由表頭、測量電(dian)路及(ji)轉換開關(guan)等三個主要部分(fen)組成,用(yong)于(yu)測量電(dian)流電(dian)壓(ya)等。