一、導電漿料是什么

導電(dian)(dian)漿料(liao)又稱導電(dian)(dian)膠，是貴(gui)金屬(shu)粉與(yu)(yu)賤(jian)金屬(shu)粉、玻(bo)璃(li)(li)粉和(he)合(he)成(cheng)樹(shu)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混合(he)物。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中添加(jia)溶劑后(hou)可制成(cheng)除(chu)料(liao)或石墨(mo)狀物。金屬(shu)粉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粒徑約為1~2um，正(zheng)在開發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)粒徑為幾十nm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超微粉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漿料(liao)。實用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)Ag（30%~85%Ag，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)余(yu)(yu)為環氧樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)粉）、Au（60%~85%Au，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)余(yu)(yu)為環氧樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)粉）、Au-Pd（50%~70%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Au，10%~20%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Pd，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)余(yu)(yu)為環氧樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)粉）、Cu（70%~80%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Cu，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)余(yu)(yu)為環氧樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)粉）、Ni（80%~90%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Ni，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)余(yu)(yu)為環氧樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)粉）等漿料(liao)。這些漿料(liao)用(yong)絲網印刷或其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他方法將其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)涂到基片所需(xu)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)位上，然后(hou)在溫度(du)為400~1000℃下(xia)燒成(cheng)導電(dian)(dian)體。主(zhu)要用(yong)于厚(hou)膜(mo)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配線、陶瓷電(dian)(dian)容器等電(dian)(dian)極以及混合(he)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引線。

二、導電漿料的種類有哪些

根據導電機制和應用領域的不同，導電漿料可(ke)以(yi)分為多種類(lei)型。

1、金屬導電漿料

金(jin)屬(shu)導(dao)電(dian)漿(jiang)料是將金(jin)屬(shu)顆粒分散在載體溶液中形成的漿(jiang)料，具有優良(liang)的導(dao)電(dian)性和導(dao)熱(re)性能(neng)。常(chang)見的金(jin)屬(shu)導(dao)電(dian)漿(jiang)料有銅漿(jiang)料、銀(yin)漿(jiang)料和鋁(lv)漿(jiang)料等。金(jin)屬(shu)導(dao)電(dian)漿(jiang)料常(chang)用(yong)于制備導(dao)電(dian)電(dian)路、電(dian)極和導(dao)熱(re)材料等。

2、碳基導電漿料

碳(tan)(tan)基(ji)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)漿料(liao)是將碳(tan)(tan)材(cai)料(liao)（如碳(tan)(tan)納米管、石墨(mo)烯、碳(tan)(tan)黑等）分散在溶(rong)劑(ji)中形成(cheng)的漿料(liao)。碳(tan)(tan)材(cai)料(liao)具有良好的導電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能和(he)化學穩定性，廣泛應(ying)用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池、超級電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器、導電(dian)(dian)(dian)膠(jiao)粘劑(ji)等領域。

3、聚合物導電漿料

聚(ju)(ju)合物導(dao)電(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)是將導(dao)電(dian)聚(ju)(ju)合物分散在溶劑中(zhong)形成的漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)，具(ju)有良好(hao)的柔性(xing)(xing)和導(dao)電(dian)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)。常見的聚(ju)(ju)合物導(dao)電(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)有聚(ju)(ju)苯胺漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)、聚(ju)(ju)噻吩漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)和聚(ju)(ju)丙烯酰胺漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)等。聚(ju)(ju)合物導(dao)電(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)常用于制備柔性(xing)(xing)顯(xian)示器、柔性(xing)(xing)電(dian)池和傳感器等器件。

4、無機導電漿料

無機(ji)(ji)(ji)導電漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)是將無機(ji)(ji)(ji)材料(liao)分(fen)散(san)在溶劑中形成的漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)，具有較高(gao)的導電性能和化(hua)(hua)學穩定性。常見的無機(ji)(ji)(ji)導電漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)有氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鋅漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)、氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)銦錫漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)和氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)銅漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)等。無機(ji)(ji)(ji)導電漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)廣泛應用于光電器(qi)件、導電膜和防靜電材料(liao)等領域。

5、復合導電漿料

復合(he)(he)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)是將不同類型的導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)材料(liao)(liao)進行復合(he)(he)，形成具(ju)有(you)多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能的漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)。常見的復合(he)(he)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)有(you)金屬-聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)復合(he)(he)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)、碳納米管(guan)-聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)復合(he)(he)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)和(he)金屬-無機(ji)復合(he)(he)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)等(deng)。復合(he)(he)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)綜合(he)(he)了各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)材料(liao)(liao)的優(you)點，具(ju)有(you)較高的導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能和(he)機(ji)械強度，適用(yong)于(yu)各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特殊應用(yong)。

6、功能性導電漿料

功(gong)能(neng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是在(zai)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中添加功(gong)能(neng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物質，賦(fu)予導(dao)電(dian)(dian)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)更(geng)多的(de)特殊性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)。常(chang)見的(de)功(gong)能(neng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)有(you)磁(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)、光敏(min)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)熱敏(min)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)等。功(gong)能(neng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)可用于(yu)制備磁(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)傳感器、光電(dian)(dian)器件和(he)熱敏(min)電(dian)(dian)阻等。

導(dao)電(dian)漿料的種(zhong)類多樣，每(mei)種(zhong)類型都有其(qi)獨(du)特的導(dao)電(dian)機制和(he)(he)應用領(ling)域(yu)。隨著科技的不斷發展，導(dao)電(dian)漿料將在更多領(ling)域(yu)發揮重要作用，為各(ge)種(zhong)電(dian)子器件的性能提(ti)升和(he)(he)創新提(ti)供支持。