利群的焦油量是多少
利(li)群煙焦油量在5到11毫(hao)克(ke)之間,具體如圖:
煙焦油(you)是指吸煙者使用的(de)煙嘴內積存(cun)的(de)一層(ceng)棕(zong)色油(you)膩物(wu)(wu)(wu),俗稱(cheng)煙油(you)。它是有(you)機質(zhi)在缺氧(yang)條件下,不完全燃燒(shao)的(de)產物(wu)(wu)(wu)。是眾多烴(jing)類(lei)及(ji)烴(jing)的(de)氧(yang)化(hua)物(wu)(wu)(wu)、硫化(hua)物(wu)(wu)(wu)及(ji)氮化(hua)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)極其(qi)復雜(za)的(de)混合物(wu)(wu)(wu),其(qi)中包括苯(ben)并芘、鎘(ge)、砷、β荼、胺(an)、亞硝胺(an)以及(ji)放射性同(tong)位素等,多種(zhong)致癌物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)和苯(ben)酚類(lei)、富馬酸(suan)等促(cu)癌物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)作(zuo)用的(de)特點(dian),雖其(qi)量極微,但具有(you)經常、反(fan)復、長期的(de)積累作(zuo)用。
吸(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)過(guo)程中生(sheng)成的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)焦(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you),約為(wei)原煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草重量(liang)的(de)(de)1~6‰,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)焦(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)產量(liang)與吸(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)頻率有一(yi)定的(de)(de)關系。單(dan)位時(shi)間內吸(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)次(ci)數越多(duo)(duo),焦(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)生(sheng)成量(liang)就越多(duo)(duo)。每分鐘吸(xi)(xi)3口(kou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)成的(de)(de)焦(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)量(liang)幾乎(hu)比(bi)每分鐘吸(xi)(xi)1口(kou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)多(duo)(duo)1倍(bei)。焦(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)生(sheng)成量(liang)也與紙(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)長度有關,這是可以想像到(dao)的(de)(de),因(yin)為(wei)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草點燃(ran)處,生(sheng)成的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)焦(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)霧,通過(guo)紙(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)未(wei)燃(ran)燒部(bu)位時(shi),其中一(yi)部(bu)分被(bei)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草所吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)。當(dang)點燃(ran)處越來越接近末端時(shi),生(sheng)成的(de)(de)焦(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)幾乎(hu)大部(bu)分都(dou)進入到(dao)吸(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)者(zhe)呼吸(xi)(xi)道(dao)中,一(yi)支卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)前半(ban)截與后(hou)半(ban)截生(sheng)成的(de)(de)焦(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)量(liang)之比(bi)約為(wei)1∶1.4,雪茄(qie)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),斗煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)水(shui)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)焦(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)生(sheng)成量(liang)都(dou)比(bi)紙(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)少(shao)。
利群香煙焦油的危害
1、致癌
是確定致癌物,能(neng)誘發(fa)人體(ti)細胞(bao)突變,抑制人體(ti)免疫功能(neng)的發(fa)揮,這已(yi)為醫學研究所證明。
2、加速血管硬化
人(ren)體衰(shuai)老是(shi)一(yi)個幾(ji)(ji)十(shi)年的(de)過程,這(zhe)幾(ji)(ji)十(shi)年里,血管(guan)(guan)逐(zhu)步硬化、喪失(shi)彈(dan)性;這(zhe)一(yi)過程是(shi)無法逆轉的(de),平(ping)時服用(yong)保健(jian)品只(zhi)能延緩,并不能返老還童,吸煙者血液內溶有一(yi)定的(de)焦油成分(fen),作用(yong)于血管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)壁,加速血管(guan)(guan)硬化,對于腦(nao)血管(guan)(guan)和(he)心(xin)血管(guan)(guan)這(zhe)些脆(cui)弱部分(fen)更加敏(min)感,近些年來,心(xin)腦(nao)血管(guan)(guan)疾(ji)病是(shi)影響人(ren)們健(jian)康的(de)第一(yi)殺手,與香煙有著(zhu)直接(jie)關系(xi)。