利群的焦油量是多少
利(li)群(qun)煙焦(jiao)油(you)量在5到11毫克之間,具體如圖:
煙(yan)(yan)焦油(you)是(shi)指(zhi)吸(xi)煙(yan)(yan)者(zhe)使用的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)嘴內積(ji)存(cun)的(de)(de)一層(ceng)棕色油(you)膩物(wu),俗稱煙(yan)(yan)油(you)。它是(shi)有機質在(zai)缺氧(yang)條件下,不完全燃燒(shao)的(de)(de)產物(wu)。是(shi)眾多烴(jing)類及烴(jing)的(de)(de)氧(yang)化(hua)物(wu)、硫化(hua)物(wu)及氮(dan)化(hua)物(wu)的(de)(de)極其復雜的(de)(de)混合物(wu),其中包括(kuo)苯并芘(bi)、鎘、砷、β荼、胺(an)、亞硝胺(an)以及放射性同位素等(deng),多種致癌物(wu)質和(he)苯酚(fen)類、富馬酸等(deng)促癌物(wu)質作用的(de)(de)特點(dian),雖其量極微,但具有經常、反復、長期的(de)(de)積(ji)累作用。
吸(xi)(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)過(guo)程中(zhong)生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)的煙(yan)(yan)(yan)焦(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you),約為原煙(yan)(yan)(yan)草重(zhong)量(liang)的1~6‰,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)焦(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)的產量(liang)與(yu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)的頻率有(you)(you)一(yi)定的關(guan)系。單位(wei)時間內吸(xi)(xi)(xi)的次數(shu)越(yue)多(duo),焦(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)的生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)就越(yue)多(duo)。每(mei)分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)3口(kou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)的焦(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)量(liang)幾乎比(bi)每(mei)分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)1口(kou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)多(duo)1倍(bei)。焦(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)的生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)也與(yu)紙(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)長(chang)度有(you)(you)關(guan),這是(shi)可以想像(xiang)到的,因為煙(yan)(yan)(yan)草點燃(ran)處,生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)的煙(yan)(yan)(yan)焦(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)霧(wu),通過(guo)紙(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)未燃(ran)燒部位(wei)時,其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)部分(fen)(fen)被煙(yan)(yan)(yan)草所吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附。當點燃(ran)處越(yue)來越(yue)接近末端(duan)時,生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)的焦(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)幾乎大部分(fen)(fen)都(dou)進入到吸(xi)(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)者(zhe)呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)道中(zhong),一(yi)支卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)的前半(ban)截與(yu)后半(ban)截生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)的焦(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)量(liang)之(zhi)比(bi)約為1∶1.4,雪茄煙(yan)(yan)(yan),斗煙(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)水煙(yan)(yan)(yan)的焦(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油(you)(you)生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)都(dou)比(bi)紙(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)少。
利群香煙焦油的危害
1、致癌
是(shi)確定(ding)致癌物(wu),能(neng)誘發人(ren)體細(xi)胞突(tu)變,抑制人(ren)體免疫功能(neng)的(de)發揮,這已為醫學研究所證明。
2、加速血管硬化
人體衰(shuai)老是一(yi)(yi)個幾(ji)十年(nian)的(de)過程,這(zhe)幾(ji)十年(nian)里,血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)逐步硬(ying)化(hua)(hua)、喪失彈性;這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)過程是無(wu)法逆(ni)轉的(de),平(ping)時服(fu)用(yong)保健(jian)品只能延緩,并不能返(fan)老還童,吸煙者血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液內溶有一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)焦油(you)成分(fen),作(zuo)用(yong)于(yu)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)管(guan)壁,加速血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)硬(ying)化(hua)(hua),對于(yu)腦(nao)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)和心血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)這(zhe)些脆弱部(bu)分(fen)更加敏感,近些年(nian)來,心腦(nao)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)疾病是影響人們健(jian)康的(de)第一(yi)(yi)殺手,與香煙有著直接關系(xi)。