一、按(an)照(zhao)工(gong)作(zuo)原(yuan)理分類
1、機械(xie)式水平儀
機械式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀可(ke)分為條(tiao)式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀(或稱鉗工水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀)、框(kuang)(kuang)式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀和合像(xiang)(xiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀這(zhe)三種類型,它們是以(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準氣泡(pao)(pao)(pao)示值的,所以(yi)機械式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀又稱為水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準器(qi)式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀或氣泡(pao)(pao)(pao)式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀。條(tiao)式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀是具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有有一個(ge)基座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)面(mian),且水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準氣泡(pao)(pao)(pao)固定或可(ke)相對基座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)面(mian)進行調整(zheng)的矩(ju)形水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準器(qi)式(shi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)用(yong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。框(kuang)(kuang)式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀是具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有一個(ge)基座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)面(mian)及兩(liang)個(ge)垂直測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)面(mian),且水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準器(qi)氣泡(pao)(pao)(pao)固定或可(ke)相對基座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)面(mian)進行調整(zheng)的框(kuang)(kuang)形水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準器(qi)式(shi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)用(yong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。合像(xiang)(xiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀是具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有一個(ge)基座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)面(mian),以(yi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)微螺旋副相對基座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)面(mian)調整(zheng)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準器(qi)式(shi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)用(yong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。
2、電子式水平(ping)儀
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子式(shi)(shi)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀主要有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感式(shi)(shi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容式(shi)(shi)這兩(liang)種類型,根據(ju)測(ce)量方向不同還可分為一維(wei)和二(er)維(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子水(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子水(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀的測(ce)量部分主要由(you)殼體(ti)、測(ce)微裝置和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極水(shui)泡(pao)式(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)感器(qi)組成。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子水(shui)泡(pao)式(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)感器(qi)與一般水(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀的水(shui)準器(qi)的作(zuo)用相(xiang)似(si),但結(jie)構不同。
二(er)、按照外形分類(lei)
按(an)水(shui)平(ping)儀的外形不同,可分為萬向(xiang)水(shui)平(ping)儀,圓柱水(shui)平(ping)儀,一體化水(shui)平(ping)儀,迷你水(shui)平(ping)儀,相機水(shui)平(ping)儀,框(kuang)式水(shui)平(ping)儀,尺式水(shui)平(ping)儀這幾種類型。