太空種(zhong)子是把精選的(de)作物(wu)種(zhong)子通過航天飛(fei)行器搭載(zai)到太空，在空間特殊環境下使種(zhong)子發生(sheng)變化。然后(hou)再到地面進行優選的(de)育種(zhong)手(shou)段。在空間站關鍵技術驗證階(jie)段歷次飛(fei)行任務中(zhong)，均安(an)排(pai)了航天育種(zhong)實(shi)驗項(xiang)目。

從已公布的載人(ren)(ren)(ren)飛(fei)船(chuan)航(hang)天育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)實驗項目清單來看，神(shen)(shen)(shen)舟(zhou)十二號(hao)(hao)和(he)神(shen)(shen)(shen)舟(zhou)十三號(hao)(hao)載人(ren)(ren)(ren)飛(fei)船(chuan)返回(hui)(hui)艙帶回(hui)(hui)88家單位上千件(jian)（份）作(zuo)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子、微生物菌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等航(hang)天育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)材(cai)料。神(shen)(shen)(shen)舟(zhou)十四號(hao)(hao)和(he)神(shen)(shen)(shen)舟(zhou)十五號(hao)(hao)載人(ren)(ren)(ren)飛(fei)船(chuan)共搭(da)載112家單位1300余(yu)份作(zuo)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子、微生物菌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等航(hang)天育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)材(cai)料。