【蔬菜(cai)(cai)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)催芽(ya)】哪些蔬菜(cai)(cai)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)需(xu)要催芽(ya) 蔬菜(cai)(cai)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)電熱毯催芽(ya)法

哪些蔬菜種子需要催芽

1、芹菜：先用清水浸泡種子半天或者一天左右，泡完之后再換清水用手搓洗一遍，然后將種皮搓開晾曬，等水份干之后用濕布包好放在陰涼處進行催芽，等到3天左右就可以播種了。

2、西芹：這(zhe)個(ge)要用48℃的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)水(shui)浸(jin)泡(pao)半小時，浸(jin)泡(pao)完之后再用濕紗布(bu)包褒(bao)置于放在15到20度(du)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)下開始催(cui)芽(ya)，要記住經常淘洗，等到一周至兩周左右后發芽(ya)就可以播種了。

該圖片由注冊用戶"妮子的文字"提供，版權聲明反饋

3、木耳萊(落葵)：首先在25℃～30℃溫(wen)水(shui)中(zhong)把種子浸泡1到2天，然后在30℃左右溫(wen)度(du)下催芽，大(da)概(gai)一周(zhou)后就可(ke)以播(bo)種。

4、菠菜：也是(shi)用清水浸泡一天(tian)或半(ban)天(tian)的時間，然后把種子晾于10℃～15℃溫(wen)度下進(jin)行催芽，過幾天等種(zhong)子發芽后就可以(yi)進(jin)行播(bo)種(zhong)。

5、萵(wo)苣：萵(wo)苣種(zhong)子的清泡時間相比來(lai)說比較少(shao)，只需5-10小時。然(ran)后(hou)將(jiang)種(zhong)子取出放(fang)在5℃左右的低溫(wen)下(xia)一(yi)天一(yi)夜，然(ran)后(hou)攤在濕毛(mao)巾(紗布(bu))上(shang)，上(shang)面(mian)再蓋(gai)一(yi)層紗布(bu)保濕，注意，這時候要放(fang)在室內，它屬于見光催芽。等個一(yi)兩天左右后(hou)播種(zhong)，此時要保持播種(zhong)的土(tu)壤濕潤(run)，以不(bu)蓋(gai)土(tu)出苗(miao)為好。

6、芫荽(香菜)：在播種前先(xian)把香菜的種果(guo)搓開，跟上述其他種子一樣用清(qing)水泡半天(tian)或一天(tian)左右，泡完后(hou)把種子放在20℃～32℃溫度催芽(ya)，等(deng)到種字(zi)發芽(ya)后(hou)就(jiu)可以進行播種了。

蔬菜種子電熱毯催芽法

種(zhong)子催(cui)(cui)芽是蔬菜(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)首要環(huan)節，是育(yu)苗(miao)(miao)、栽培上(shang)的(de)(de)一項重要技(ji)術措施(shi)。它不僅可(ke)(ke)使 種(zhong)子發芽整(zheng)齊，縮短苗(miao)(miao)齡，而且可(ke)(ke)以提高身苗(miao)(miao)質量，保證幼苗(miao)(miao)健(jian)壯生(sheng)長。筆者多年來對蔬菜(cai)(cai)種(zhong)子進行電熱毯催(cui)(cui)芽，收到(dao)了理想的(de)(de)交果。現將電熱毯催(cui)(cui)芽的(de)(de)方(fang)法介紹如下，供菜(cai)(cai)農學習應(ying)用(yong)參考。

1、 種子消毒

為了提高種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)活力，促(cu)進發芽，防(fang)止因種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)帶(dai)菌而造成病(bing)蟲(chong)危害，催(cui)芽 前(qian)應(ying)進行種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)消毒(du)處理，方(fang)法主要有熱水燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)藥(yao)劑(ji)浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。①熱水燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)先用(yong)(yong)清(qing)水清(qing)洗(xi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)，再用(yong)(yong)55-600C的(de)熱水燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)10-15分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)。注意要邊(bian)燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)邊(bian)攪攔以使(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)受熱均勻。②藥(yao)劑(ji)浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)先用(yong)(yong)清(qing)水浸(jin)泡1小時(shi)，要用(yong)(yong)藥(yao)液進行浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，可用(yong)(yong)0.1%-0.35%高錳酸(suan)鉀溶液浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)20分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)或用(yong)(yong)1%硫酸(suan)銅，2%氫氧化(hua)鈉(na)溶液浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)5-15分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)或用(yong)(yong)0.2%的(de)50%多菌靈種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)20-30分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)或0.125甲(jia)霜(shuang)靈浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)30分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)或用(yong)(yong)0.1%的(de)60%防(fang)霉寶(bao)加0.1%平(ping)平(ping)加溶液浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)60分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)。以上兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)消毒(du)方(fang)法在達到(dao)規定時(shi)間后，應(ying)取出種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)進行清(qing)洗(xi)、浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、催(cui)芽。

2、 清水浸種

浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)時間應根據蔬菜種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)而不同一(yi)般而言番茄、黃瓜、西葫蘆、菜豆等浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)2小(xiao)時，辣椒(jiao)、茄子浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)4-5小(xiao)時，苦(ku)瓜、西瓜浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)24-36小(xiao)時。浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)時可稍加搓洗，以除去(qu)雜(za)質(zhi)及附屬物。

3、 電熱毯催芽

先鋪(pu)電(dian)熱毯(tan)，再(zai)將(jiang)(jiang)塑料薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)（薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)面積是(shi)電(dian)熱毯(tan)面積的2倍(bei)以上(shang)）鋪(pu) 在(zai)(zai)電(dian)熱毯(tan)上(shang)，然后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)毛(mao)巾(jin)在(zai)(zai)清(qing)水中搓洗干(gan)凈擰干(gan)，平鋪(pu)于薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)表面；將(jiang)(jiang)經過(guo)處理后(hou)的種子瀝(li)干(gan)，均勻鋪(pu)在(zai)(zai)濕毛(mao)巾(jin)上(shang)，折疊毛(mao)巾(jin)或(huo)用其他(ta)濕毛(mao)巾(jin)輕(qing)輕(qing)蓋(gai)于種子表南(nan)；用另一半薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)折疊鋪(pu)在(zai)(zai)毛(mao)巾(jin)上(shang)，薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)上(shang)再(zai)加蓋(gai)毛(mao)巾(jin)被、毛(mao)毯(tan)或(huo)毛(mao)草等覆蓋(gai)物保溫(wen)，覆蓋(gai)完(wan)畢后(hou)通電(dian)；每天(tian)早(zao)晚用毛(mao)巾(jin)包(bao)裹好種子進行淘洗，瀝(li)干(gan)后(hou)繼續進行電(dian)熱毯(tan)催芽，直至種子發芽為止。

4、 適(shi)用(yong)范(fan)圍

①適用(yong)于菜(cai)豆、豇豆、西瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、苦瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、黃瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、茄(qie)子(zi)、辣椒、糯玉等種子(zi)的催芽；

②適(shi)用于(yu)大量(liang)種子、小中型農場(chang)、西瓜基地等的催(cui)芽、育苗。

5、 注意事項(xiang)

①熱水燙種一定要不斷攪攔，以免燙傷、燙死種子；

②進(jin)行(xing)操作(zuo)時(shi)要(yao)先斷(duan)電，完畢后(hou)再行(xing)通電；③種(zhong)子發芽露白達50%以上時(shi)及時(shi)播種(zhong)。

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