【蔬(shu)菜(cai)種子(zi)催(cui)(cui)芽】哪些蔬(shu)菜(cai)種子(zi)需要(yao)催(cui)(cui)芽 蔬(shu)菜(cai)種子(zi)電熱毯催(cui)(cui)芽法

哪些蔬菜種子需要催芽

1、芹菜：先用清水浸泡種子半天或者一天左右，泡完之后再換清水用手搓洗一遍，然后將種皮搓開晾曬，等水份干之后用濕布包好放在陰涼處進行催芽，等到3天左右就可以播種了。

2、西芹：這個要用48℃的(de)溫(wen)水浸泡半小(xiao)時，浸泡完之后(hou)再用(yong)濕紗布包(bao)褒置于(yu)放在15到20度的(de)溫(wen)度下開(kai)始(shi)催芽，要記住(zhu)經常(chang)淘洗，等到一周至兩周左右后(hou)發芽就可(ke)以播種了。

該圖片由注冊用戶"妮子的文字"提供，版權聲明反饋

3、木耳萊(lai)(落葵(kui))：首先在(zai)25℃～30℃溫(wen)水中把(ba)種子浸泡(pao)1到2天，然后在(zai)30℃左右(you)溫(wen)度下催芽，大(da)概一周后就可以播(bo)種。

4、菠菜：也是用(yong)清水浸(jin)泡一天或半天的時(shi)間，然后把種子晾于(yu)10℃～15℃溫度下進(jin)行(xing)催芽，過幾天(tian)等種子發芽后就可(ke)以進(jin)行(xing)播種。

5、萵苣：萵苣種子的清泡時間相比來說比較少，只需5-10小時(shi)(shi)。然后(hou)將種(zhong)子(zi)取出(chu)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)5℃左(zuo)右(you)的(de)低(di)溫下一天一夜，然后(hou)攤在(zai)(zai)濕毛(mao)巾(紗布(bu))上，上面再蓋一層紗布(bu)保(bao)濕，注意，這時(shi)(shi)候要放(fang)在(zai)(zai)室內，它屬于見(jian)光催芽(ya)。等個一兩天左(zuo)右(you)后(hou)播種(zhong)，此時(shi)(shi)要保(bao)持播種(zhong)的(de)土(tu)壤(rang)濕潤，以不蓋土(tu)出(chu)苗為好。

6、芫荽(香菜)：在(zai)播種(zhong)前先把香菜的種(zhong)果搓開(kai)，跟上述其他(ta)種(zhong)子一樣用清水泡半(ban)天(tian)或一天(tian)左(zuo)右，泡完后把種(zhong)子放在(zai)20℃～32℃溫度催(cui)芽(ya)，等到種(zhong)字發(fa)芽(ya)后就可以進行播種(zhong)了。

蔬(shu)菜(cai)種子電熱(re)毯催芽法

種(zhong)子催芽(ya)是(shi)蔬(shu)菜生產的首要(yao)環節，是(shi)育苗(miao)、栽培上的一項重要(yao)技術措施(shi)。它不僅可(ke)使 種(zhong)子發芽(ya)整齊，縮短苗(miao)齡，而且可(ke)以提高(gao)身(shen)苗(miao)質量，保證幼苗(miao)健(jian)壯生長。筆者多年(nian)來對(dui)蔬(shu)菜種(zhong)子進行電熱毯催芽(ya)，收(shou)到(dao)了理想的交果。現將(jiang)電熱毯催芽(ya)的方(fang)法介紹如(ru)下，供菜農學習(xi)應用參考。

1、 種子消毒

為了提(ti)高種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)活力，促進發芽，防止因種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)帶菌而造成病蟲(chong)危害(hai)，催芽 前(qian)應(ying)進行種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)消(xiao)(xiao)毒處(chu)理，方法主要(yao)有熱(re)水(shui)燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和藥(yao)劑浸(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。①熱(re)水(shui)燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)先用清水(shui)清洗(xi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，再用55-600C的(de)熱(re)水(shui)燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)10-15分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)。注(zhu)意(yi)要(yao)邊(bian)燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)邊(bian)攪攔以(yi)(yi)使種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)受熱(re)均勻(yun)。②藥(yao)劑浸(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：浸(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)先用清水(shui)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)泡1小時，要(yao)用藥(yao)液進行浸(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，可用0.1%-0.35%高錳酸鉀溶(rong)液浸(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)20分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)或(huo)用1%硫酸銅，2%氫氧(yang)化鈉(na)溶(rong)液浸(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)5-15分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)或(huo)用0.2%的(de)50%多菌靈種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)20-30分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)或(huo)0.125甲霜靈浸(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)30分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)或(huo)用0.1%的(de)60%防霉寶加0.1%平(ping)平(ping)加溶(rong)液浸(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)60分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)。以(yi)(yi)上兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)消(xiao)(xiao)毒方法在達到規定時間(jian)后，應(ying)取出種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)進行清洗(xi)、浸(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、催芽。

2、 清水浸種

浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)間(jian)應(ying)根據蔬菜(cai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)而不(bu)同(tong)一般(ban)而言番茄(qie)(qie)、黃瓜(gua)、西(xi)葫(hu)蘆、菜(cai)豆等浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2小時(shi)，辣椒(jiao)、茄(qie)(qie)子浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)4-5小時(shi)，苦(ku)瓜(gua)、西(xi)瓜(gua)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)24-36小時(shi)。浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)可稍加搓洗，以除去雜質及附屬物(wu)。

3、 電熱毯(tan)催芽

先鋪電熱毯(tan)(tan)，再將塑料薄(bo)膜（薄(bo)膜面(mian)積是電熱毯(tan)(tan)面(mian)積的2倍(bei)以上(shang)）鋪 在(zai)電熱毯(tan)(tan)上(shang)，然后將毛(mao)巾(jin)(jin)在(zai)清水中搓洗干(gan)(gan)凈擰干(gan)(gan)，平鋪于(yu)薄(bo)膜表面(mian)；將經過處理(li)后的種子(zi)瀝干(gan)(gan)，均勻鋪在(zai)濕(shi)毛(mao)巾(jin)(jin)上(shang)，折疊(die)毛(mao)巾(jin)(jin)或用(yong)其(qi)他(ta)濕(shi)毛(mao)巾(jin)(jin)輕輕蓋于(yu)種子(zi)表南；用(yong)另一半薄(bo)膜折疊(die)鋪在(zai)毛(mao)巾(jin)(jin)上(shang)，薄(bo)膜上(shang)再加蓋毛(mao)巾(jin)(jin)被、毛(mao)毯(tan)(tan)或毛(mao)草等覆蓋物保溫，覆蓋完畢后通電；每天早晚用(yong)毛(mao)巾(jin)(jin)包裹好種子(zi)進行淘(tao)洗，瀝干(gan)(gan)后繼續(xu)進行電熱毯(tan)(tan)催(cui)芽，直至(zhi)種子(zi)發芽為止。

4、 適用范圍

①適用于菜(cai)豆、豇豆、西(xi)瓜(gua)、苦(ku)瓜(gua)、黃瓜(gua)、茄子(zi)、辣椒、糯玉等種子(zi)的催芽；

②適(shi)用于(yu)大量種子、小中型農場、西瓜基地等的(de)催(cui)芽、育苗。

5、 注意(yi)事項

①熱水燙種一定要不斷攪攔，以免燙傷、燙死種子；

②進行(xing)(xing)操作時要先(xian)斷電(dian)，完畢后再行(xing)(xing)通(tong)電(dian)；③種(zhong)子發芽(ya)露白達(da)50%以上時及時播種(zhong)。

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