顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)以顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)原理進行分類(lei)可分為偏光顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)、光學顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)與(yu)電子顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)和數碼顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)。
1、光(guang)學顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing):通(tong)常(chang)皆由光(guang)學部分(fen)(fen)、照明部分(fen)(fen)和機械部分(fen)(fen)組(zu)成(cheng)。無(wu)疑(yi)光(guang)學部分(fen)(fen)是最為關鍵(jian)的,它由目鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)和物鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)組(zu)成(cheng)。光(guang)學顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)的種類很(hen)多,主要(yao)有明視(shi)野顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(普(pu)通(tong)光(guang)學顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing))、暗(an)視(shi)野顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、熒(ying)光(guang)顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、相(xiang)差顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、激光(guang)掃描共聚焦顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、偏光(guang)顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、微(wei)(wei)分(fen)(fen)干涉差顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、倒置顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)(wei)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)。
2、電(dian)(dian)子(zi)顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡:電(dian)(dian)子(zi)顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡比(bi)光學顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡高得(de)多的(de)對物(wu)體(ti)的(de)放大及分辨本(ben)領,它將電(dian)(dian)子(zi)流作為一種新的(de)光源,使物(wu)體(ti)成像。電(dian)(dian)子(zi)顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡種類包括透射電(dian)(dian)子(zi)顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡、X光顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡、掃描電(dian)(dian)子(zi)顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡。常用于生物(wu)、醫(yi)藥及微(wei)小粒子(zi)的(de)觀測。
3、偏(pian)(pian)光(guang)(guang)顯(xian)微(wei)鏡:凡具有雙折射(she)的(de)物(wu)質(zhi),在偏(pian)(pian)光(guang)(guang)顯(xian)微(wei)鏡下就能分辨(bian)的(de)清楚(chu),當然這些(xie)物(wu)質(zhi)也可(ke)用染色法來進行觀察,但有些(xie)則(ze)不(bu)可(ke)用,而必須(xu)利用偏(pian)(pian)光(guang)(guang)顯(xian)微(wei)鏡。偏(pian)(pian)光(guang)(guang)顯(xian)微(wei)鏡主要是用是來觀察液(ye)晶、纖維(wei)等(deng)自身具有單折射(she)性(xing)或雙折性(xing)的(de)物(wu)體。
4、數(shu)碼顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡:數(shu)碼顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡是將精銳的光(guang)(guang)學顯(xian)(xian)微(wei)鏡技(ji)術、先(xian)進的光(guang)(guang)電轉換技(ji)術、液晶(jing)屏幕技(ji)術完(wan)美地結合在(zai)一起而(er)開發研制成(cheng)功的一項高(gao)科技(ji)產品。從而(er),我們可以(yi)對微(wei)觀領域的研究從傳統的普通的雙眼(yan)觀察到通過顯(xian)(xian)示器上(shang)再現,從而(er)提高(gao)了工作效率(lv)。