烏衣巷
烏衣巷位于(yu)夫子(zi)廟(miao)南,三國時是吳國戍守石頭城的(de)(de)(de)部隊(dui)營(ying)房所在地。當時軍士(shi)都(dou)穿著黑色制服,故 以“烏(wu)(wu)衣”為巷名。東(dong)(dong)(dong)晉初,大臣王(wang)(wang)導住(zhu)(zhu)在這里(li),后來便成為王(wang)(wang)、謝(xie)(xie)等(deng)豪門大族(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)住(zhu)(zhu)宅區(qu)。到(dao)了(le)中唐,詩人劉禹錫(xi)以有“舊時王(wang)(wang)謝(xie)(xie)堂前(qian)(qian)燕,飛入(ru)尋(xun)常(chang)百姓(xing)家”的(de)(de)(de)感嘆(tan),足見王(wang)(wang)謝(xie)(xie)舊居早已蕩然無存。南宋時期,建康城曾一(yi)度得到(dao)恢(hui)復和(he)發(fa)展,“商品繁盛,民殷物阜”。人們又在傾圮的(de)(de)(de)王(wang)(wang)、謝(xie)(xie)故居上重(zhong)建“來燕堂”。其(qi)址在烏(wu)(wu)衣巷東(dong)(dong)(dong),建筑古樸典雅,堂內懸掛王(wang)(wang)導、謝(xie)(xie)安(an)畫像。士(shi)子(zi)游人不斷,成為瞻仰東(dong)(dong)(dong)晉名相、抒(shu)發(fa)思古幽情的(de)(de)(de)勝(sheng)地。目前(qian)(qian)這里(li)是一(yi)狹窄的(de)(de)(de)小街,住(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)依(yi)然是“尋(xun)常(chang)百姓(xing)家”,只是小街兩側的(de)(de)(de)鋪面房都(dou)開成了(le)民間工藝品店(dian),中外游人在此(ci)可以觀賞和(he)購(gou)買到(dao)各類工藝品。1997年,秦淮(huai)區(qu)人民政府恢(hui)復了(le)烏(wu)(wu)衣巷并重(zhong)建了(le)具有民族(zu)(zu)風格的(de)(de)(de)王(wang)(wang)謝(xie)(xie)古居。
朝天宮
在(zai)(zai)(zai)江蘇(su)(su)南(nan)(nan)(nan)京市(shi)(shi)水西門內。相(xiang)傳該處原為(wei)(wei)吳王夫(fu)差所筑之(zhi)冶城,晉建冶城寺(si),唐改(gai)太清宮(gong)(gong)(gong),五(wu)代(dai)吳王楊溥于(yu)(yu)其地(di)建紫極宮(gong)(gong)(gong)。宋大中祥符(fu)(1008年~1016年)間,改(gai)名(ming)祥符(fu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),續改(gai)天(tian)慶(qing)觀,元朝元貞(1295年~1296年)年間,改(gai)額玄妙觀,尋升大元興永壽宮(gong)(gong)(gong)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)京朝天(tian)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)是江南(nan)(nan)(nan)現存規模最大、保存最為(wei)(wei)完(wan)好(hao)的一組古(gu)建筑群(qun),面(mian)積約3萬余平方(fang)米,加上(shang)江寧府學現存面(mian)積約為(wei)(wei)4.5萬平方(fang)米。位于(yu)(yu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)京市(shi)(shi)中心的西南(nan)(nan)(nan)面(mian)。古(gu)代(dai)稱冶山,因春(chun)秋(qiu)時期吳王夫(fu)差在(zai)(zai)(zai)此冶鐵(tie)鑄劍,后歷代(dai)帝王多在(zai)(zai)(zai)此建寺(si)廟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)殿(dian)。明洪武年間(1384年)明太祖朱元璋下詔(zhao)賜名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“朝天(tian)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)”,取“朝拜上(shang)天(tian)”,“朝見天(tian)子”之(zhi)意。清末,朝天(tian)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)改(gai)為(wei)(wei)江寧府學和文廟,朝天(tian)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)現為(wei)(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)京市(shi)(shi)博(bo)物(wu)館所在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di),1956年評為(wei)(wei)江蘇(su)(su)省文物(wu)保護單位。
桃葉渡
桃(tao)(tao)葉渡(du)(du)是南京(jing)城南秦(qin)淮河(he)上的―個古渡(du)(du) ,位于秦(qin)淮河(he)與(yu)古青溪水道合流處(chu)附近,南起貢(gong)院(yuan)街東,北至建(jian)康(kang)路淮清(qing)橋(qiao)(qiao)西,又(you)名(ming)南浦渡(du)(du)。桃(tao)(tao)葉渡(du)(du)是南京(jing)古名(ming)勝(sheng)之(zhi)一(yi),位列于金(jin)陵四十八景內。在原渡(du)(du)口(kou)(kou)處(chu)立(li)(li)有(you)(you)“桃(tao)(tao)葉渡(du)(du)碑(bei)”,并(bing)建(jian)有(you)(you)“桃(tao)(tao)葉渡(du)(du)亭”,從六朝到明清(qing),桃(tao)(tao)葉渡(du)(du)處(chu)均為繁華(hua)地段。河(he)舫競立(li)(li),燈船蕭鼓(gu)。清(qing)順(shun)治年(nian)(nian)間,孝陵衛人(ren)金(jin)云南遷居渡(du)(du)口(kou)(kou),見(jian)渡(du)(du)口(kou)(kou)非常擁擠(ji),常有(you)(you)人(ren)落水而死,便(bian)捐建(jian)木橋(qiao)(qiao),題名(ming)“利涉橋(qiao)(qiao)”(取便(bian)利涉水之(zhi)意),公元(yuan)1663年(nian)(nian)(康(kang)熙二年(nian)(nian))易木橋(qiao)(qiao)為石橋(qiao)(qiao)。1984年(nian)(nian), 有(you)(you)關部門在渡(du)(du)口(kou)(kou)原址(zhi)立(li)(li)桃(tao)(tao)葉渡(du)(du)碑(bei)。
成賢街
使這條(tiao)街(jie)(jie)輝煌并名播天(tian)下,還得緣于明(ming)初在(zai)這里(li)設置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)子(zi)監。據資料記載,明(ming)初南(nan)(nan)京(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)子(zi)監北及雞籠山南(nan)(nan)麓,西至(zhi)進(jin)香河,南(nan)(nan)臨(lin)珍珠橋(今(jin)浮橋),東(dong)達(da)小營,面積(ji)覆蓋了(le)今(jin)天(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成賢(xian)街(jie)(jie)東(dong)西兩側(ce)和東(dong)南(nan)(nan)大(da)(da)學(xue)。國(guo)(guo)子(zi)監鼎盛(sheng)時(shi)期,有來(lai)自(zi)國(guo)(guo)內外(wai)近萬名監生(sheng)吃住在(zai)這里(li),釀造(zao)了(le)一部世界上(shang)最早、內容(rong)涵蓋最廣、約(yue)有3.7億字數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)百(bai)科全書(shu)《永樂大(da)(da)典(dian)》!賢(xian)街(jie)(jie),始終彌漫著歷史的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文化氣息(xi)。從劉超的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“學(xue)士”,到明(ming)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“監生(sheng)”;從創建(jian)于1904年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)江南(nan)(nan)實(shi)業學(xue)堂(今(jin)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)大(da)(da)學(xue)),到全國(guo)(guo)第三(san)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)京(jing)圖(tu)書(shu)館(guan);從全市的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文化機構所(suo)在(zai)地,到新建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市人(ren)(ren)才(cai)交流中心……在(zai)南(nan)(nan)京(jing)千百(bai)條(tiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)小巷(xiang)中,成賢(xian)街(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這個(ge)特(te)點(dian)是(shi)不(bu)多見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。南(nan)(nan)京(jing)街(jie)(jie)旁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)道木以(yi)法國(guo)(guo)梧桐著稱,成賢(xian)街(jie)(jie)兩旁卻(que)遍植槐(huai)樹(shu),其北通雞籠山,向南(nan)(nan)延伸到碑亭(ting)巷(xiang)。每年(nian)七八月間,槐(huai)樹(shu)開花時(shi),滿(man)路芬芳,散(san)發著淡(dan)淡(dan)幽香的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)槐(huai)花常常會落(luo)到行(xing)人(ren)(ren)身上(shang)。那時(shi)大(da)(da)學(xue)生(sheng)雖然(ran)放(fang)假(jia)了(le),但去圖(tu)書(shu)館(guan)、去人(ren)(ren)才(cai)交流市場(chang)、去市文化機構辦(ban)事的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren),還是(shi)很多。南(nan)(nan)京(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成賢(xian)街(jie)(jie),是(shi)—條(tiao)通往古今(jin)和未來(lai)“成賢(xian)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)街(jie)(jie)。
龍蟠里
南(nan)(nan)京街巷名。位(wei)于(yu)(yu)南(nan)(nan)京鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)區清涼山公(gong)園東南(nan)(nan)側,為(wei)(wei)連接城中廣州路和(秦淮)河西虎踞路的交通樞紐支線。小街長(chang)僅(jin)三百五十米,但(dan)因分布著陶(tao)風(feng)(feng)樓(lou)(lou)、教忠祠、魏源故居(ju)等古(gu)(gu)跡,其(qi)歷史文化(hua)底蘊(yun)頗為(wei)(wei)深厚。陶(tao)風(feng)(feng)樓(lou)(lou)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)龍(long)蟠(pan)(pan)里(li)九號。教忠祠舊址斜對面。清德宗光緒年(nian)間,兩(liang)(liang)江總督(du)端方在龍(long)蟠(pan)(pan)里(li)惜陰書院(yuan)舊址建(jian)藏書樓(lou)(lou),為(wei)(wei)江蘇(su)省最(zui)早設立的官辦公(gong)共圖書館。樓(lou)(lou)長(chang)形,兩(liang)(liang)層,前后兩(liang)(liang)幢,朱(zhu)紅色(se)(se),四角(jiao)翹檐,雕花木窗,古(gu)(gu)色(se)(se)古(gu)(gu)香(xiang)。一(yi)九一(yi)零年(nian)十二(er)月十九日正式開館。一(yi)九二(er)七年(nian)命名為(wei)(wei)陶(tao)風(feng)(feng)樓(lou)(lou)。陶(tao)風(feng)(feng)樓(lou)(lou)建(jian)成后即為(wei)(wei)龍(long)蟠(pan)(pan)里(li)的標志性(xing)建(jian)筑,抗戰時惜毀。一(yi)九六二(er)年(nian)重(zhong)建(jian)。
夫子廟
夫子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)組(zu)規模(mo)宏大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古建(jian)(jian)筑群,歷(li)經(jing)滄(cang)桑(sang),幾(ji)番(fan)興廢(fei),清(qing)同(tong)治八年(nian)(nian)(1869年(nian)(nian))重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)之(zhi)后,于(yu)1937年(nian)(nian)遭侵華日軍焚(fen)燒而(er)嚴重(zhong)損毀。1984年(nian)(nian),市、區人(ren)民政府(fu)為(wei)保護古都文化遺產,經(jing)有關專(zhuan)家(jia)科學論(lun)證和(he)規劃,幾(ji)度撥(bo)專(zhuan)款,歷(li)數年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精心維修(xiu)(xiu)和(he)復(fu)建(jian)(jian)。如今的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夫子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)已煥(huan)然一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)新(xin),再展(zhan)輝(hui)煌。被譽為(wei)秦(qin)淮(huai)名勝(sheng)而(er)成(cheng)為(wei)古城南京的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)色景觀區,也(ye)是(shi)蜚(fei)聲(sheng)中(zhong)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旅游勝(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)。“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶秦(qin)淮(huai)河洗盡(jin)前朝污(wu)泥濁水,千年(nian)(nian)夫子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)輝(hui)兼歷(li)代古貌新(xin)姿。” 這里南京夫子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)樂(le)亭石柱上鐫刻(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)幅楹聯(lian),它把秦(qin)淮(huai)河的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)姿麗(li)質和(he)夫 子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設新(xin)貌含(han)蓄(xu)而(er)充分地(di)(di)(di)展(zhan)示(shi)出來,給游人(ren)以(yi)無窮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回味和(he)遐思(si)。 夫子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)是(shi)供(gong)奉和(he)祭祀孔夫子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇,又(you)稱(cheng)文宣王廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),簡稱(cheng)文廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。它已作(zuo)為(wei)古城金(jin)陵(ling)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秦(qin)淮(huai)名勝(sheng)而(er)蜚(fei)聲(sheng)中(zhong)外,成(cheng)為(wei)名聞遐邇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)游覽勝(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)。夫子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)始建(jian)(jian)于(yu)宋景祐元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(1034年(nian)(nian)),迭經(jing)滄(cang)桑(sang),幾(ji)番(fan)興廢(fei),經(jing)現政府(fu)連(lian)年(nian)(nian)撥(bo)款興修(xiu)(xiu)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian),使夫子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)以(yi)大(da)成(cheng)殿為(wei)主體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)既有明清(qing)風格,又(you)有廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)市街景合一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古建(jian)(jian)筑群拔地(di)(di)(di)而(er)地(di)(di)(di)。自1984年(nian)(nian)復(fu)建(jian)(jian)以(yi)來,夫子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)已接(jie)待(dai)游客八千多(duo)萬(wan)人(ren),每天基本(ben)上都會有十多(duo)萬(wan)人(ren)來觀光(guang)、購(gou)物(wu),旅游旺季可達三十萬(wan)人(ren)。人(ren)們摩肩(jian)接(jie)踵,流連(lian)忘返,盡(jin)情領略迷人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秦(qin)淮(huai)風光(guang)。
長干里
長干(gan)(gan)里是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南(nan)京(jing)古代(dai)著名(ming)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)名(ming),遺址在今內(nei)秦淮(huai)河以(yi)南(nan)至(zhi)雨花(hua)臺以(yi)北。早(zao)在春秋戰(zhan)國(guo)時代(dai),長干(gan)(gan)里一帶(dai)已經(jing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南(nan)京(jing)人(ren)口最密(mi)集地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu),也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)本(ben)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)經(jing)濟命脈(mo)之所在。長干(gan)(gan)里地(di)(di)(di)勢高亢,雨花(hua)臺陳于(yu)前,秦淮(huai)河衛其后(hou),大江護其西(xi),又是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)秦淮(huai)河的(de)(de)入江通道,戰(zhan)略地(di)(di)(di)位十分(fen)重(zhong)要。南(nan)京(jing)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)的(de)(de)雛形――越城(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)位于(yu)此。范盝之所以(yi)選(xuan)擇在此筑越城(cheng)(cheng),就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)看到這(zhe)塊地(di)(di)(di)方物(wu)產豐富,交通便利,商業(ye)繁榮,人(ren)中密(mi)集,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)本(ben)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)經(jing)濟命脈(mo)之所在,同時,這(zhe)里有(you)山水衛護,攻守皆宜。秦、漢、六朝時期,長干(gan)(gan)里是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南(nan)京(jing)最繁華的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)著名(ming)的(de)(de)商業(ye)區(qu)(qu)和貨(huo)物(wu)集散地(di)(di)(di)。
孝陵衛
孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),位(wei)于南京中(zhong)山門(men)外紫金(jin)山南麓,明(ming)(ming)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)門(men)東南側。據《白下瑣言(yan)》載:“孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)鐘靈街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。”因明(ming)(ming)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)的(de)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)戍部隊(dui)——孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)曾駐(zhu)(zhu)守(shou)(shou)此(ci)地(di)(di)(di)而(er)得(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。今(jin)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鎮、孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)西橋等地(di)(di)(di)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),均(jun)(jun)因“孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”而(er)得(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。“衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”是明(ming)(ming)代(dai)軍隊(dui)編制的(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)稱。明(ming)(ming)代(dai)各省轄區(qu)均(jun)(jun)分(fen)為數個防區(qu),每(mei)區(qu)設(she)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)戍守(shou)(shou)。衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下設(she)所(suo),有千戶所(suo)和百戶所(suo)之分(fen)。每(mei)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有5600人左(zuo)右,長官稱指揮(hui)使(shi)。各衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)聽命于省都指揮(hui)使(shi)司(簡稱都司),都司歸中(zhong)央五軍都督府(fu)管轄。衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)所(suo)駐(zhu)(zhu)地(di)(di)(di)均(jun)(jun)為軍事重鎮或要害(hai)之地(di)(di)(di)。明(ming)(ming)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)是太祖朱元璋和馬皇(huang)后的(de)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)寢(qin),故(gu)設(she)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)駐(zhu)(zhu)守(shou)(shou)此(ci)地(di)(di)(di)以戍衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。今(jin)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)附近還(huan)有小(xiao)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)崗(gang)等地(di)(di)(di)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),亦因曾駐(zhu)(zhu)守(shou)(shou)過(guo)護衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)(ming)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)的(de)軍隊(dui)而(er)得(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。小(xiao)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)位(wei)于明(ming)(ming)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)下馬坊東側,明(ming)(ming)代(dai)曾駐(zhu)(zhu)少量軍隊(dui)守(shou)(shou)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),故(gu)稱小(xiao)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),曾名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)崗(gang),因此(ci)山崗(gang)上曾有駐(zhu)(zhu)軍守(shou)(shou)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling),故(gu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。
莫愁湖
莫(mo)愁(chou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu),位于(yu)南(nan)京(jing)秦淮河(he)西。莫(mo)愁(chou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)公(gong)園是一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)有著1500年悠久歷史和豐(feng)富人(ren)文資源的(de)江南(nan)古典名園,為(wei)六朝勝跡。由于(yu)莫(mo)愁(chou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)一(yi)(yi)直致力于(yu)模仿天下第(di)一(yi)(yi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)-濟(ji)南(nan)大明湖(hu)(hu)(hu),又仿大明湖(hu)(hu)(hu)牌坊建造正門。故(gu)有“金(jin)陵第(di)一(yi)(yi)名勝”、“金(jin)陵四十(shi)八景之(zhi)首(shou)”等美譽。公(gong)園現(xian)有面積為(wei)58.36公(gong)頃(qing),其中(zhong)水面為(wei)32.36公(gong)頃(qing)。園內(nei)樓、軒、亭、榭(xie)錯列(lie)有致,堤(di)岸垂柳(liu),水中(zhong)海棠。勝棋(qi)樓、郁金(jin)堂、水榭(xie)、抱月樓、曲(qu)徑回廊等掩(yan)映(ying)在山(shan)石松竹、花木(mu)綠蔭之(zhi)中(zhong)。莫(mo)愁(chou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)古稱橫塘,因其依石頭城,故(gu)又稱石城湖(hu)(hu)(hu)。相傳南(nan)齊時,有洛陽少女莫(mo)愁(chou),因家(jia)(jia)貧遠嫁江東富戶盧(lu)家(jia)(jia),移居南(nan)京(jing)石城湖(hu)(hu)(hu)畔。莫(mo)愁(chou)端莊賢惠,樂(le)于(yu)助人(ren),后(hou)人(ren)為(wei)紀念她(ta),便將石城湖(hu)(hu)(hu)改(gai)名為(wei)莫(mo)愁(chou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)。后(hou)在她(ta)的(de)故(gu)居郁金(jin)堂側賞荷廳的(de)蓮花池內(nei),塑起(qi)了(le)一(yi)(yi)尊二米(mi)高(gao)的(de)漢白玉塑像,現(xian)已成為(wei)南(nan)京(jing)標志性(xing)景點之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。
虎踞關
按照中國古代的四象說和風水說等(deng)等(deng)古老哲學,東(dong)為青龍(long)(long)、西為白虎(hu)(hu),南(nan)京的東(dong)郊是紫金山,形似龍(long)(long)蟠(pan)(pan),西郊是石頭城(cheng)(cheng),形似虎(hu)(hu)踞,諸葛亮評(ping)價說“鐘阜龍(long)(long)蟠(pan)(pan),石城(cheng)(cheng)虎(hu)(hu)踞,此帝王之宅。”所以就說南(nan)京虎(hu)(hu)踞龍(long)(long)盤,南(nan)京的城(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)西兩條主干道(dao)也因此而命名為龍(long)(long)蟠(pan)(pan)路、虎(hu)(hu)踞路。
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