中國(guo)(guo)長(chang)期(qi)(qi)以(yi)來將造紙(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)定位于輕(qing)工(gong)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),造紙(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的發展受制于林業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和輕(qing)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)“三權分(fen)立(li)”;國(guo)(guo)家缺(que)乏對(dui)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)統(tong)一的規劃和指導(dao),長(chang)期(qi)(qi)沒有完整的產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)政策,國(guo)(guo)家各部門(men)的相關政策對(dui)造紙(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)又(you)有不同規定,不能(neng)協調(diao)統(tong)一,甚至相互牽制,導(dao)致造紙(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)受宏觀環(huan)境影響(xiang)較大。
隨著國內經(jing)濟生活水平的(de)提高,對(dui)紙(zhi)(zhi)漿等造(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)原料需求不(bu)斷(duan)擴大,但是中(zhong)國森林(lin)資源相對(dui)匱乏(fa),絕(jue)大部分紙(zhi)(zhi)漿依靠進口。除去金融危機對(dui)紙(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)造(zao)成(cheng)沖擊使得2009年國內紙(zhi)(zhi)漿需求萎(wei)縮外,國內紙(zhi)(zhi)漿進口一(yi)直呈(cheng)現(xian)上揚態(tai)勢。而2011年以來(lai)(lai),國際(ji)紙(zhi)(zhi)漿市場呈(cheng)現(xian)大起大落的(de)發展態(tai)勢。紙(zhi)(zhi)漿較高的(de)對(dui)外依存度使得行業(ye)面(mian)臨喪失紙(zhi)(zhi)漿定價權的(de)威脅,給行業(ye)發展帶來(lai)(lai)極大的(de)不(bu)利影響(xiang)。
上(shang)(shang)海(hai)、北京、廣州等大中城市(shi)以及沿海(hai)發達城市(shi)是(shi)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紙(zhi)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)最為主要(yao)的(de)(de)市(shi)場。據統計,上(shang)(shang)述地區的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紙(zhi)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)占(zhan)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)總量的(de)(de)60%以上(shang)(shang)。上(shang)(shang)海(hai)早在2003年(nian)人均生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紙(zhi)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)量就達到(dao)了8公(gong)斤(jin)(jin),已接(jie)近世界發達國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)水平。而中西部地區的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紙(zhi)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)量仍然(ran)非(fei)常(chang)低,部分(fen)省市(shi)的(de)(de)人均生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紙(zhi)年(nian)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)量還不足1公(gong)斤(jin)(jin),與(yu)亞非(fei)其他(ta)貧窮國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)水平相當。同時(shi),城鄉消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)差異也較大,雖然(ran)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)城鎮人口少于農村人口,但是(shi)城鎮人口生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紙(zhi)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)量占(zhan)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)總消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)量的(de)(de)70%以上(shang)(shang),中高檔(dang)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紙(zhi)的(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)主要(yao)集中在城市(shi)。
近幾年,紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巾類生(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)消(xiao)(xiao)費量(liang)飛快(kuai)增長。廁(ce)用(yong)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)占(zhan)(zhan)比重(zhong)不(bu)斷下降,但(dan)仍然(ran)占(zhan)(zhan)66%以上的(de)比例,紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巾大約占(zhan)(zhan)30%,其中(zhong)餐巾紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約占(zhan)(zhan)8.50%,面巾紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約占(zhan)(zhan)8.80%,手帕紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約占(zhan)(zhan)12.70%。據統計,發達國家(jia)的(de)生(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),廁(ce)用(yong)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)消(xiao)(xiao)費量(liang)僅占(zhan)(zhan)總量(liang)的(de)56%,其他紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巾類生(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)消(xiao)(xiao)費量(liang)占(zhan)(zhan)44%,兩者(zhe)所(suo)占(zhan)(zhan)比例相差不(bu)大。