千斤頂分類
1、齒條千斤頂
由人力通(tong)過杠桿和齒輪帶動齒條頂(ding)舉(ju)重(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)(wu)。起重(zhong)(zhong)量一般(ban)不超過20噸,可(ke)長期支持重(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)(wu),主要(yao)用在作(zuo)業條件不方(fang)便的(de)地方(fang)或需要(yao)利用下部的(de)托爪提(ti)升重(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)(wu)的(de)場合,如鐵路(lu)起軌作(zuo)業。
2、螺旋千斤頂
由(you)人(ren)力通過螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋副傳(chuan)(chuan)動,螺(luo)(luo)(luo)桿或螺(luo)(luo)(luo)母套(tao)筒(tong)作為頂舉件。普通螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋千(qian)斤(jin)頂靠螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋自(zi)鎖作用支(zhi)持(chi)重(zhong)(zhong)物(wu),構(gou)造簡單(dan),但(dan)傳(chuan)(chuan)動效率低,返(fan)程慢。自(zi)降螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋千(qian)斤(jin)頂的螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋無自(zi)鎖作用,但(dan)裝有制(zhi)動器。放(fang)松制(zhi)動器,重(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)即可(ke)自(zi)行(xing)快速下降,縮短返(fan)程時間(jian),但(dan)這種千(qian)斤(jin)頂構(gou)造較復雜(za)。螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋千(qian)斤(jin)頂能長期支(zhi)持(chi)重(zhong)(zhong)物(wu),最大(da)起重(zhong)(zhong)量已達100噸,應用較廣。下部裝上水平(ping)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)桿后(hou),還(huan)能使(shi)重(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)做小距(ju)離橫移。
3、液壓千斤頂
由(you)人力(li)(li)或(huo)電力(li)(li)驅動(dong)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng),通過液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong),用缸體或(huo)活塞作為頂(ding)(ding)舉(ju)件(jian)。液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)可(ke)分(fen)為整體式(shi)和分(fen)離(li)式(shi)。整體式(shi)的泵(beng)與液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸聯(lian)成(cheng)一(yi)體;分(fen)離(li)式(shi)的泵(beng)與液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸分(fen)離(li),中間(jian)用高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)軟管相聯(lian)。液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)結構(gou)緊(jin)湊,能平(ping)穩頂(ding)(ding)升重(zhong)物,起重(zhong)量最大達1000噸,行程(cheng)1米,傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)效率較高,故應用較廣;但(dan)易漏油,不宜長期支持重(zhong)物。 如長期支撐需選用自鎖千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding),螺旋千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)和液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)為進一(yi)步(bu)降低外形高度或(huo)增(zeng)大頂(ding)(ding)舉(ju)距離(li),可(ke)做成(cheng)多級伸縮式(shi)。 液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)除上述基(ji)本型(xing)式(shi)外,按同樣原理可(ke)改裝成(cheng)滑升模板千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)、液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)升降臺(tai)、張拉機等,用于各種特殊施工場(chang)合。
4、氣囊式氣動千斤頂
氣動(dong)千斤頂(ding)(ding),全稱叫做(zuo)氣囊式氣動(dong)千斤頂(ding)(ding),一(yi)般由3層(ceng)、兩層(ceng)或者(zhe)單層(ceng)氣囊組(zu)(zu)成,主要(yao)工(gong)作原理是利用(yong)5-8KG壓(ya)力空壓(ya)機(ji)充氣,將車頂(ding)(ding)起。氣動(dong)液壓(ya)千斤頂(ding)(ding)產品是利用(yong)壓(ya)縮氣體作為動(dong)力,液體增壓(ya)與(yu)伸縮式液壓(ya)缸組(zu)(zu)合而成的一(yi)種(zhong)新型(xing)舉升設備,它具(ju)有設計精巧、體積小(xiao)、重(zhong)量輕、易操作、省時、省力、舉升噸位大等特點,廣(guang)泛用(yong)于(yu)流(liu)動(dong)性起重(zhong),特別(bie)適用(yong)于(yu)汽車、拖拉機(ji)等交通運輸(shu)業的修理行業。
5、剪式千斤頂
剪式千斤頂又叫支架千斤頂,使用輕便快捷,是國內各大汽車廠隨(sui)車產品。其(qi)(qi)由金(jin)屬板材制成的(de)(de)上(shang)支(zhi)桿(gan)(gan)和下(xia)支(zhi)桿(gan)(gan)組成,工作原理各有不同(tong)。上(shang)支(zhi)桿(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)橫截面與下(xia)支(zhi)桿(gan)(gan)在(zai)齒部(bu)及其(qi)(qi)附近部(bu)分的(de)(de)橫截面是(shi)一邊(bian)開(kai)口的(de)(de)矩形,開(kai)口兩邊(bian)的(de)(de)金(jin)屬板向內彎(wan)折(zhe)。上(shang)支(zhi)桿(gan)(gan)和下(xia)支(zhi)桿(gan)(gan)上(shang)的(de)(de)齒是(shi)由開(kai)口兩邊(bian)彎(wan)折(zhe)的(de)(de)金(jin)屬板上(shang)制成,齒寬(kuan)大于金(jin)屬板厚。