一、什么是集中供暖
在(zai)寒冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)冬(dong)季(ji),北(bei)方的(de)(de)(de)城市會采(cai)取集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)為住宅(zhai)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)熱(re)采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan),所謂的(de)(de)(de)集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan),實際上是集(ji)中(zhong)集(ji)團(tuan)式(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種形(xing)式(shi)(shi),供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)企業劃分片區,施工鋪管(guan)至(zhi)每(mei)家(jia)每(mei)戶,業主(zhu)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)在(zai)規定時間到(dao)指定地點(dian)繳費,然(ran)后(hou)由(you)單位安排(pai)試壓,等氣(qi)溫降下來以后(hou),統一(yi)(yi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan);一(yi)(yi)般(ban)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)是設(she)(she)定好的(de)(de)(de),不管(guan)是否需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao),都是全天供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)熱(re)的(de)(de)(de),若(ruo)業主(zhu)發(fa)現室(shi)內溫度(du)達(da)不到(dao)約定的(de)(de)(de)標準(zhun),可申請退款。集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)采(cai)用(yong)地暖(nuan)(nuan)形(xing)式(shi)(shi),存在(zai)管(guan)網熱(re)損失、管(guan)路輸送能耗、初期建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)成本高等不利因素(su),且由(you)于(yu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)或運(yun)行管(guan)理水平(ping)原因會造(zao)成冷(leng)熱(re)不均(jun)的(de)(de)(de)情況,但從大環境講,對北(bei)方地區來說(shuo),天氣(qi)比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)冷(leng),需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)時間長,集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)是比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)經濟節能、安全環保的(de)(de)(de)采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)系統形(xing)式(shi)(shi)。
二、供熱采暖系統節能方式
隨著人們(men)生活質(zhi)量及知(zhi)識水(shui)平的提(ti)高(gao),人們(men)的節(jie)能(neng)環保意(yi)(yi)識不斷提(ti)升(sheng),為了提(ti)高(gao)資源的利用(yong)(yong)率,減少污染排放,需要(yao)(yao)嚴格要(yao)(yao)求供熱系(xi)統(tong)(tong)各個環節(jie)。供熱采暖系(xi)統(tong)(tong)節(jie)能(neng)的主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)途徑和措(cuo)施(shi)有:1、熱源方(fang)面:選擇合適的鍋爐設(she)(she)備、提(ti)高(gao)操作技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、運用(yong)(yong)新的節(jie)能(neng)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。2、熱網(wang)方(fang)面:采用(yong)(yong)平衡(heng)調節(jie)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、聚(ju)氨酯保溫直埋技(ji)術(shu)(shu),實現熱力管(guan)網(wang)的水(shui)力平衡(heng),減少供熱管(guan)道的熱損耗,加強供熱能(neng)耗全程監測(ce),定期(qi)維護管(guan)理供熱設(she)(she)備。3、熱用(yong)(yong)戶方(fang)面:讓用(yong)(yong)戶逐(zhu)漸樹立(li)良(liang)好的觀念,做到經濟取暖;推廣分戶雙管(guan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong),實施(shi)熱表到戶、計量收費(fei);加強節(jie)能(neng)培訓工作力度,提(ti)高(gao)節(jie)能(neng)減耗意(yi)(yi)識。
三、供熱采暖面積算公攤面積嗎
供熱采暖是按面(mian)積(ji)收(shou)費(fei)(fei)的(de),一(yi)般以房(fang)(fang)屋所有(you)(you)權證標明的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)為準,對未(wei)列入房(fang)(fang)屋所有(you)(you)權證的(de)面(mian)積(ji)(贈送面(mian)積(ji))部分,有(you)(you)供暖設(she)施的(de)應予收(shou)費(fei)(fei),無供暖設(she)施的(de)不予收(shou)費(fei)(fei),公(gong)攤面(mian)積(ji)屬于建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)部分,因此也(ye)要收(shou)費(fei)(fei),具體的(de)收(shou)費(fei)(fei)標準是:室(shi)內(nei)(nei)凈(jing)高(gao)在(zai)2.2米(含(han)2.2米)以下的(de),按房(fang)(fang)屋套(tao)內(nei)(nei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)60%收(shou)費(fei)(fei);室(shi)內(nei)(nei)凈(jing)高(gao)在(zai)2.2米以上,2.7米(含(han)2.7米)以下的(de),按房(fang)(fang)屋套(tao)內(nei)(nei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)90%收(shou)費(fei)(fei);室(shi)內(nei)(nei)凈(jing)高(gao)在(zai)2.7米以上,按房(fang)(fang)屋實際套(tao)內(nei)(nei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)收(shou)費(fei)(fei)。
四、采暖設備有哪幾種
采暖設備種類眾多,按大類可分為電采暖設備和水采暖設備兩大類,其中,電采暖設備又包括電暖氣片、壁掛爐、空調、暖風機、電熱油汀、小太陽等,優點是低碳環保,采暖率高;缺點是有輻射,使用成本高。水采暖設備包括水暖氣片、水地暖、水暖毯、水暖床墊、熱水袋、太陽能集熱器等,優點是舒適節能,使用壽命長;缺點是控溫不好,需定期清潔。不管選哪種采暖設備,都要選擇正規優質的供熱采暖品牌購買。