一、什么是集中供暖
在寒冷的(de)(de)冬(dong)季,北方的(de)(de)城市會采取集(ji)中供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)為住(zhu)宅供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)熱(re)采暖(nuan)(nuan),所謂的(de)(de)集(ji)中供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan),實(shi)際(ji)上是(shi)集(ji)中集(ji)團式(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)一種形(xing)(xing)式(shi),供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)企業(ye)劃分片區(qu),施工(gong)鋪(pu)管(guan)至每家每戶,業(ye)主(zhu)(zhu)需要(yao)在規(gui)定(ding)(ding)時間到指定(ding)(ding)地(di)(di)點繳(jiao)費(fei),然后由單(dan)位安排試壓,等(deng)氣溫降(jiang)下來以后,統一供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan);一般供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)溫度是(shi)設(she)定(ding)(ding)好的(de)(de),不管(guan)是(shi)否需要(yao),都是(shi)全天供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)熱(re)的(de)(de),若業(ye)主(zhu)(zhu)發現室內溫度達(da)不到約定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)標(biao)準,可申請退款(kuan)。集(ji)中供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)采用(yong)地(di)(di)暖(nuan)(nuan)形(xing)(xing)式(shi),存在管(guan)網熱(re)損失、管(guan)路輸送能耗、初期建設(she)成(cheng)本高等(deng)不利因素,且由于(yu)建設(she)或運行管(guan)理水平原因會造成(cheng)冷熱(re)不均的(de)(de)情況,但從大環(huan)境講(jiang),對北方地(di)(di)區(qu)來說,天氣比(bi)較冷,需要(yao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)時間長,集(ji)中供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)是(shi)比(bi)較經濟節能、安全環(huan)保的(de)(de)采暖(nuan)(nuan)系統形(xing)(xing)式(shi)。
二、供熱采暖系統節能方式
隨(sui)著人們生活質量(liang)及知識(shi)水平的(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)高,人們的(de)(de)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)環保(bao)(bao)意識(shi)不斷提(ti)(ti)升,為了提(ti)(ti)高資源(yuan)的(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)(yong)率,減少(shao)污染排(pai)放,需要(yao)(yao)嚴格要(yao)(yao)求供熱(re)(re)系統(tong)各個環節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。供熱(re)(re)采(cai)暖系統(tong)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)途徑和措施(shi)有:1、熱(re)(re)源(yuan)方面:選擇合適的(de)(de)鍋爐設備、提(ti)(ti)高操作技術、運用(yong)(yong)新的(de)(de)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)技術。2、熱(re)(re)網(wang)方面:采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平衡調節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)技術、聚(ju)氨酯保(bao)(bao)溫直埋技術,實現熱(re)(re)力(li)管(guan)網(wang)的(de)(de)水力(li)平衡,減少(shao)供熱(re)(re)管(guan)道的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)損耗(hao),加強(qiang)(qiang)供熱(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)全程監測(ce),定期(qi)維(wei)護管(guan)理(li)供熱(re)(re)設備。3、熱(re)(re)用(yong)(yong)戶方面:讓(rang)用(yong)(yong)戶逐漸樹立良好的(de)(de)觀(guan)念,做到經濟取(qu)暖;推廣分戶雙管(guan)系統(tong),實施(shi)熱(re)(re)表到戶、計量(liang)收費;加強(qiang)(qiang)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)培訓工作力(li)度(du),提(ti)(ti)高節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減耗(hao)意識(shi)。
三、供熱采暖面積算公攤面積嗎
供(gong)熱采暖是按(an)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)的(de)(de),一般以(yi)房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)所(suo)(suo)有(you)權證標(biao)(biao)明的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)為準,對未列入房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)所(suo)(suo)有(you)權證的(de)(de)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(贈送面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji))部分,有(you)供(gong)暖設施的(de)(de)應予(yu)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei),無供(gong)暖設施的(de)(de)不予(yu)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei),公攤(tan)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)屬于建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)部分,因此也要收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei),具體的(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)標(biao)(biao)準是:室(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)凈高(gao)在(zai)(zai)2.2米(mi)(含2.2米(mi))以(yi)下的(de)(de),按(an)房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)套內(nei)(nei)(nei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)60%收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei);室(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)凈高(gao)在(zai)(zai)2.2米(mi)以(yi)上,2.7米(mi)(含2.7米(mi))以(yi)下的(de)(de),按(an)房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)套內(nei)(nei)(nei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)90%收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei);室(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)凈高(gao)在(zai)(zai)2.7米(mi)以(yi)上,按(an)房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)實際套內(nei)(nei)(nei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)。
四、采暖設備有哪幾種
采暖設備種類眾多,按大類可分為電采暖設備和水采暖設備兩大類,其中,電采暖設備又包括電暖氣片、壁掛爐、空調、暖風機、電熱油汀、小太陽等,優點是低碳環保,采暖率高;缺點是有輻射,使用成本高。水采暖設備包括水暖氣片、水地暖、水暖毯、水暖床墊、熱水袋、太陽能集熱器等,優點是舒適節能,使用壽命長;缺點是控溫不好,需定期清潔。不管選哪種采暖設備,都要選擇正規優質的供熱采暖品牌購買。