一、什么是集中供暖
在(zai)寒(han)冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冬季，北(bei)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城市會采(cai)(cai)取集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形式(shi)(shi)為住宅(zhai)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)熱采(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)，所謂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)，實際上是(shi)(shi)集(ji)中(zhong)集(ji)團(tuan)式(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種形式(shi)(shi)，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)劃分片(pian)區，施工(gong)鋪管(guan)(guan)(guan)至每(mei)(mei)家每(mei)(mei)戶(hu)，業(ye)(ye)(ye)主(zhu)需要(yao)在(zai)規定時間到(dao)指(zhi)定地點繳費，然后由單位安(an)排試壓(ya)，等氣(qi)溫降(jiang)下來以后，統(tong)一供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)；一般供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度是(shi)(shi)設(she)定好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，不(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)(shi)否需要(yao)，都是(shi)(shi)全天供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，若業(ye)(ye)(ye)主(zhu)發現室內溫度達不(bu)到(dao)約定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準，可申請退款。集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)主(zhu)要(yao)采(cai)(cai)用地暖(nuan)(nuan)形式(shi)(shi)，存(cun)在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)網熱損失、管(guan)(guan)(guan)路輸(shu)送(song)能耗、初期建設(she)成本(ben)高等不(bu)利因素，且由于建設(she)或(huo)運行管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)水(shui)平原因會造成冷熱不(bu)均的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，但從大(da)環境講，對北(bei)方(fang)地區來說，天氣(qi)比較冷，需要(yao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)時間長，集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)是(shi)(shi)比較經濟節能、安(an)全環保的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)系統(tong)形式(shi)(shi)。
二、供熱采暖系統節能方式
隨著人們(men)(men)生活質(zhi)量及知識水(shui)平的(de)(de)提(ti)高，人們(men)(men)的(de)(de)節能環保意識不斷(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)，為(wei)了提(ti)高資源的(de)(de)利用(yong)(yong)率，減少污染排(pai)放(fang)，需要(yao)嚴格要(yao)求供(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)系(xi)統各個(ge)環節。供(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)采暖系(xi)統節能的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)途徑(jing)和措施(shi)有：1、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)源方面：選(xuan)擇(ze)合適的(de)(de)鍋爐(lu)設(she)備(bei)、提(ti)高操(cao)作技(ji)術、運用(yong)(yong)新的(de)(de)節能技(ji)術。2、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)網方面：采用(yong)(yong)平衡調節技(ji)術、聚氨酯保溫直埋技(ji)術，實(shi)現熱(re)(re)(re)(re)力(li)管(guan)網的(de)(de)水(shui)力(li)平衡，減少供(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管(guan)道的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)損耗，加(jia)強供(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)能耗全程(cheng)監測(ce)，定期維(wei)護管(guan)理供(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)設(she)備(bei)。3、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)方面：讓用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)逐漸樹立良好(hao)的(de)(de)觀念，做(zuo)到經濟取暖；推廣分戶(hu)雙(shuang)管(guan)系(xi)統，實(shi)施(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)表到戶(hu)、計量收費；加(jia)強節能培(pei)訓工作力(li)度，提(ti)高節能減耗意識。
三、供熱采暖面積算公攤面積嗎
供熱采暖(nuan)(nuan)是按(an)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積收(shou)費的，一般以房(fang)(fang)屋所有權(quan)證標(biao)(biao)明(ming)的建(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積為準，對未列入房(fang)(fang)屋所有權(quan)證的面(mian)(mian)(mian)積（贈(zeng)送面(mian)(mian)(mian)積）部分，有供暖(nuan)(nuan)設(she)施的應予(yu)收(shou)費，無供暖(nuan)(nuan)設(she)施的不予(yu)收(shou)費，公(gong)攤面(mian)(mian)(mian)積屬于建(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積部分，因此也要收(shou)費，具體的收(shou)費標(biao)(biao)準是：室內(nei)(nei)凈高(gao)在2.2米(mi)(mi)（含2.2米(mi)(mi)）以下(xia)的，按(an)房(fang)(fang)屋套內(nei)(nei)建(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積60%收(shou)費；室內(nei)(nei)凈高(gao)在2.2米(mi)(mi)以上(shang)，2.7米(mi)(mi)（含2.7米(mi)(mi)）以下(xia)的，按(an)房(fang)(fang)屋套內(nei)(nei)建(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積90%收(shou)費；室內(nei)(nei)凈高(gao)在2.7米(mi)(mi)以上(shang)，按(an)房(fang)(fang)屋實際套內(nei)(nei)建(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積收(shou)費。
四、采暖設備有哪幾種
采暖設備種類眾多，按大類可分為電采暖設備和水采暖設備兩大類，其中，電采暖設備又包括電暖氣片、壁掛爐、空調、暖風機、電熱油汀、小太陽等，優點是低碳環保，采暖率高；缺點是有輻射，使用成本高。水采暖設備包括水暖氣片、水地暖、水暖毯、水暖床墊、熱水袋、太陽能集熱器等，優點是舒適節能，使用壽命長；缺點是控溫不好，需定期清潔。不管選哪種采暖設備，都要選擇正規優質的供熱采暖品牌購買。
松樂
美爾固
潮邦
名族
索邦
板川
拜爾
科凡
龍勝
民興
