一、壓力變送器的工作原理及用途
壓力變送器是一種將壓力轉換成氣動信號或電動信號進行控制和遠傳的設備,它能將測壓元件傳感器感受到的氣體、液體等物理壓力參數轉變成標準的電信號(如4~20mADC等),以供給指示報警儀、記錄儀、調節器等二次儀表進行測量、指示和過程調節。壓力變送器的原理是:被測介質的兩種壓力通入高、低兩壓力室,低壓室壓力采用大氣壓或真空,作用在δ元(即敏感元件)的兩側隔離膜片上,通過隔離片和元件內的填充液傳送到測量膜片兩側,當兩側壓力不一致時,致使測量膜片產生位移,其位移量和壓力差成正比,故兩側電容量就不等,通過振蕩和解調環節,轉換成與壓力成正比的信號。壓力變送器廣泛應用于各種工業自控環境,包括水利水電、鐵路交通、智能建筑、生產自控、航空航天、軍工、石化、油井、電力、船舶、機床、管道等眾多行業。如果您想購買壓力變送器,可以先來了解一下壓力變送器十大品牌。
二、壓力變送器如何校準
1、校準前的準備工作不管是哪種壓力變送器,校準前都要做好準備工作,包括:壓力源通過膠皮管與自制接頭相連接,關閉平衡閥門,并檢查氣路密封情況,然后把電流表(電壓表)、手操器接入變送器輸出電路中,通電預熱后開始校準。2、校準操作:(1)常規壓力變送器的校準:先(xian)(xian)將阻尼調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)至零狀(zhuang)態,先(xian)(xian)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)零點(dian),然后(hou)加滿度(du)壓(ya)力(li)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)滿量程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),使輸(shu)出為(wei)20毫(hao)安(an)(an)(an),在現場調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)校(xiao)講的(de)是快,在此介紹零點(dian)、量程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)快速(su)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)校(xiao)法。調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)零點(dian)時(shi)對滿度(du)幾(ji)乎沒有影(ying)響(xiang),但調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)滿度(du)時(shi)對零點(dian)有影(ying)響(xiang),在不帶(dai)遷移時(shi)其影(ying)響(xiang)約為(wei)量程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)整量的(de)1/5,即(ji)量程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)向(xiang)上(shang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)整1毫(hao)安(an)(an)(an),零點(dian)將向(xiang)上(shang)移動約0.2毫(hao)安(an)(an)(an),反之亦(yi)然。(2)智能壓(ya)力(li)變(bian)(bian)送器(qi)(qi)的(de)校(xiao)準:a)先(xian)(xian)做(zuo)一次4-20毫(hao)安(an)(an)(an)微調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao),用(yong)以校(xiao)正變(bian)(bian)送器(qi)(qi)內部(bu)的(de)D/A轉換器(qi)(qi),由于其不涉及傳感(gan)部(bu)件,無需(xu)外(wai)部(bu)壓(ya)力(li)信(xin)號源(yuan)。b)再做(zuo)一次全程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)微調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao),使4-20毫(hao)安(an)(an)(an)、數字(zi)讀數與(yu)實際施加的(de)壓(ya)力(li)信(xin)號相吻(wen)合(he),因此需(xu)要(yao)壓(ya)力(li)信(xin)號源(yuan)。c)最后(hou)做(zuo)重定量程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),通過調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)整使模擬輸(shu)出4-20毫(hao)安(an)(an)(an)與(yu)外(wai)加的(de)壓(ya)力(li)信(xin)號源(yuan)相吻(wen)合(he),其作用(yong)與(yu)變(bian)(bian)送器(qi)(qi)外(wai)殼上(shang)的(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)零(Z)、調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)量程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(R)開關的(de)作用(yong)完全相同(tong)。
三、壓力變送器接線方法
壓(ya)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)送(song)(song)(song)器是將壓(ya)力(li)(li)信(xin)(xin)號轉換(huan)為模(mo)擬量信(xin)(xin)號或者(zhe)數字(zi)量信(xin)(xin)號的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉換(huan)設備,一(yi)般(ban)除無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)壓(ya)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)送(song)(song)(song)器外,其他的(de)(de)(de)(de)都是接線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de),壓(ya)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)送(song)(song)(song)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)接線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)般(ban)有(you)三(san)種:兩線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制、三(san)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制、四(si)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制,壓(ya)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)送(song)(song)(song)器需要連(lian)接的(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)幾根連(lian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),就是幾線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)接法:1、二線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)送(song)(song)(song)器,+極(ji)出來(lai)(lai)接PLC AI 模(mo)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)-;-極(ji)出來(lai)(lai)接PLC AI 模(mo)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)+。2、三(san)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)送(song)(song)(song)器,信(xin)(xin)號+出來(lai)(lai)接PLC AI 模(mo)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)+;公用-出來(lai)(lai)接PLC AI 模(mo)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)-;剩(sheng)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)24dc+接24v電源+。3、四(si)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)送(song)(song)(song)器,信(xin)(xin)號+出來(lai)(lai)接PLC AI 模(mo)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)+;信(xin)(xin)號-出來(lai)(lai)接PLC AI 模(mo)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)-;剩(sheng)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)24dc+接24v電源+;24dc-接24v電源-。
四、壓力變送器精度是多少
任何儀(yi)表(biao)(biao)都有一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)誤差,使用儀(yi)表(biao)(biao)時必須先(xian)知道該(gai)儀(yi)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)精確(que)程度,以(yi)便估計測量(liang)結果(guo)與約定(ding)真值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)差距,即估計測量(liang)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)大小,按儀(yi)表(biao)(biao)工業(ye)規定(ding),儀(yi)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)精確(que)度劃(hua)分成若干等(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),簡稱精度等(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),如0.1級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、0.2級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、0.5級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、1.0級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、1.5級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、2.5級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng),精度等(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)數字越小,精度越高。壓(ya)(ya)力(li)變(bian)(bian)送(song)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有多種(zhong),精度等(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)有所不同,一(yi)般小巧型的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)變(bian)(bian)送(song)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、2088壓(ya)(ya)力(li)變(bian)(bian)送(song)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、液位變(bian)(bian)送(song)器(qi)(qi)(qi)為0.5/0.25級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),電(dian)容式(shi)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)變(bian)(bian)送(song)器(qi)(qi)(qi)為0.2級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),單晶硅(gui)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)變(bian)(bian)送(song)器(qi)(qi)(qi)為0.1/0.075級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。