八百(bai)里秦川之(zhi)中有一(yi)地名曰(yue)龍(long)(long)窩(wo),清光緒年井一(yi)口(kou),井水(shui)通靈,適于(yu)釀酒,隨(sui)之(zhi)龍(long)(long)窩(wo)酒應運(yun)而生,愈釀愈醇(chun),香溢(yi)關中。龍(long)(long)窩(wo)酒志記載,昔日龍(long)(long)窩(wo),東西臨河,曲流(liu)九灣,積水(shui)成潭(tan),常(chang)有低云(yun)起霧巨(ju)龍(long)(long)騰空之(zhi)壯觀,人云(yun):龍(long)(long)臥(wo)福地,飲(yin)水(shui)還童龍(long)(long)窩(wo),因此(ci)而得名。
龍窩酒(jiu)作坊創建于清代光緒年間,距今已有百余(yu)年歷(li)史。至民(min)國時(shi)期,龍窩酒(jiu)名揚關中(zhong),民(min)間有“東龍西鳳”之美(mei)譽。 龍窩酒(jiu)釀造技藝在承(cheng)傳古法(fa)中(zhong)被歷(li)代師傅總結為九句口決,即:“人得(de)(de)其(qi)誠、水(shui)得(de)(de)其(qi)甘、曲得(de)(de)其(qi)時(shi)、糧得(de)(de)其(qi)實、器得(de)(de)其(qi)潔、工(gong)得(de)(de)其(qi)細、拌得(de)(de)其(qi)準、火得(de)(de)其(qi)緩、酒(jiu)得(de)(de)其(qi)真”。其(qi)知識、經(jing)驗、準則自成系(xi)統。
龍(long)(long)窩(wo)(wo)(wo)酒的(de)(de)(de)(de)釀(niang)制用(yong)曲(qu)為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)溫曲(qu),采用(yong)關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)區(qu)優(you)質(zhi)小麥(mai)(mai)、大麥(mai)(mai)、碗豆三種(zhong)原料(liao),工(gong)(gong)藝采用(yong)古法(fa)制曲(qu),經(jing)人工(gong)(gong)踩(cai)坯,入室發(fa)酵而(er)成。龍(long)(long)窩(wo)(wo)(wo)酒的(de)(de)(de)(de)釀(niang)造(zao)(zao)酒原料(liao)采用(yong)關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)高梁、玉(yu)米為原料(liao),以稻糠皮為輔料(liao)。工(gong)(gong)藝過程包括(kuo)潤(run)糝、清蒸、加(jia)漿、攤(tan)涼、加(jia)曲(qu)、入窖、發(fa)酵及蒸餾等(deng),其每一(yi)個(ge)環(huan)節都有著(zhu)獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識、經(jing)驗(yan)和(he)(he)操作準則。 龍(long)(long)窩(wo)(wo)(wo)酒的(de)(de)(de)(de)繁雜(za)工(gong)(gong)序都是手(shou)工(gong)(gong)完成,這是一(yi)種(zhong)依(yi)賴感性和(he)(he)經(jing)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)操作過程。一(yi)百多年來,它的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝技(ji)術全靠師徒傳承,經(jing)過一(yi)代(dai)代(dai)“酒把式(shi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷實踐,龍(long)(long)窩(wo)(wo)(wo)酒釀(niang)造(zao)(zao)技(ji)藝已(yi)經(jing)形成了(le)一(yi)套獨特(te)而(er)完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識系統,從原料(liao)特(te)點到制曲(qu)和(he)(he)發(fa)酵,它的(de)(de)(de)(de)每一(yi)個(ge)重要環(huan)節都和(he)(he)關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣候相適應(ying)。百余年來,龍(long)(long)窩(wo)(wo)(wo)酒作坊一(yi)直(zhi)延續著(zhu)祭拜龍(long)(long)王(wang)和(he)(he)酒神(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統,這種(zhong)習俗(su)和(he)(he)其釀(niang)造(zao)(zao)技(ji)藝共同構成了(le)古代(dai)釀(niang)酒文化較為完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史面(mian)貌,具(ju)有很高的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史和(he)(he)文化價值。