八百里秦川(chuan)之(zhi)中有(you)一(yi)地名(ming)曰龍(long)(long)窩,清光緒年(nian)井一(yi)口,井水通靈,適(shi)于釀酒(jiu),隨之(zhi)龍(long)(long)窩酒(jiu)應運而(er)(er)生,愈釀愈醇,香溢關中。龍(long)(long)窩酒(jiu)志記載,昔日龍(long)(long)窩,東西臨(lin)河,曲流九灣(wan),積水成潭,常有(you)低云(yun)起霧巨龍(long)(long)騰空之(zhi)壯觀,人云(yun):龍(long)(long)臥福地,飲水還(huan)童龍(long)(long)窩,因此而(er)(er)得名(ming)。
龍(long)窩酒作坊創建于清(qing)代光緒(xu)年間,距(ju)今已有百余年歷(li)史。至民(min)國時期,龍(long)窩酒名揚(yang)關中(zhong),民(min)間有“東龍(long)西鳳”之美(mei)譽。 龍(long)窩酒釀造(zao)技藝在承傳古法中(zhong)被歷(li)代師傅總結為(wei)九句口決,即(ji):“人得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)誠、水(shui)得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)甘、曲得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時、糧得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)實(shi)、器(qi)得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)潔、工得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)細、拌得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)準(zhun)、火得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)緩、酒得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)真”。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)知識、經驗、準(zhun)則自(zi)成系(xi)統。
龍(long)(long)窩(wo)酒(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)釀制用(yong)曲為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)溫(wen)曲,采用(yong)關中(zhong)地區優質小麥、大麥、碗(wan)豆三種(zhong)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao),工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)采用(yong)古法制曲,經(jing)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)踩坯,入室(shi)發(fa)酵而成。龍(long)(long)窩(wo)酒(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)釀造酒(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)采用(yong)關中(zhong)地區的(de)(de)優質高(gao)梁(liang)、玉米為(wei)(wei)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao),以稻糠皮為(wei)(wei)輔料(liao)(liao)(liao)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過程包括潤糝(san)、清蒸、加漿(jiang)、攤(tan)涼(liang)、加曲、入窖、發(fa)酵及蒸餾等,其(qi)每一(yi)個環節(jie)都(dou)有(you)著(zhu)獨(du)特的(de)(de)知識(shi)、經(jing)驗和(he)(he)操作(zuo)準則。 龍(long)(long)窩(wo)酒(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)繁雜工(gong)(gong)(gong)序都(dou)是(shi)手工(gong)(gong)(gong)完成,這是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)依賴感(gan)性和(he)(he)經(jing)驗的(de)(de)操作(zuo)過程。一(yi)百多年來(lai),它的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)技術(shu)全靠師徒傳承,經(jing)過一(yi)代代“酒(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)把式”的(de)(de)不斷實踐,龍(long)(long)窩(wo)酒(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)釀造技藝(yi)已經(jing)形成了(le)一(yi)套獨(du)特而完整的(de)(de)知識(shi)系統,從原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)特點到制曲和(he)(he)發(fa)酵,它的(de)(de)每一(yi)個重要環節(jie)都(dou)和(he)(he)關中(zhong)的(de)(de)氣候相適應。百余(yu)年來(lai),龍(long)(long)窩(wo)酒(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)作(zuo)坊一(yi)直延續著(zhu)祭拜(bai)龍(long)(long)王和(he)(he)酒(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)神的(de)(de)傳統,這種(zhong)習(xi)俗(su)和(he)(he)其(qi)釀造技藝(yi)共(gong)同構成了(le)古代釀酒(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)文化(hua)較為(wei)(wei)完整的(de)(de)歷史(shi)面貌,具有(you)很高(gao)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)和(he)(he)文化(hua)價值。