發展歷史
沃(wo)洲之(zhi)名來自(zi)沃(wo)水(shui)。其源有(you)(you)(you)(you)二:一(yi)為(wei)(wei)天(tian)臺(tai)(tai)石梁,一(yi)為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)峁水(shui)簾,由(you)兩處瀑泉匯注而成。為(wei)(wei)剡(yan)溪源流之(zhi)一(yi)。水(shui)至桑園分派,中壅沙(sha)潭,長里(li)許,平坦幽閑,叢生蘭芷,泉甘土肥,民以殷實,故(gu)名沃(wo)洲。廣闊的(de)(de)湖面(mian),托著四周(zhou)青(qing)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),景色(se)幽靜秀美,周(zhou)邊的(de)(de)古跡(ji)景觀(guan)眾多,由(you)于有(you)(you)(you)(you)船可(ke)以到達而有(you)(you)(you)(you)了有(you)(you)(you)(you)機的(de)(de)聯系(xi)。湖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勝跡(ji)更(geng)加(jia)嫵媚,蕩舟碧波,繞湖一(yi)周(zhou),兩岸綠樹青(qing)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),茶(cha)綠桔(jie)香魚兒躍。景區(qu)內自(zi)然景觀(guan)與人(ren)文(wen)景點相當(dang)豐富,有(you)(you)(you)(you)翹首(shou)待夫的(de)(de)仙女峰(feng)(feng)、支(zhi)(zhi)遁遺(yi)跡(ji)的(de)(de)放鶴峰(feng)(feng)、王右軍寫一(yi)筆鵝的(de)(de)鵝鼻峰(feng)(feng),真君(jun)殿(dian)、水(shui)簾洞;有(you)(you)(you)(you)三(san)白(bai)堂,支(zhi)(zhi)遁領等,所(suo)以,唐白(bai)居易寫的(de)(de)《沃(wo)洲山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)禪院記》稱:“東(dong)(dong)南山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)越為(wei)(wei)首(shou),剡(yan)為(wei)(wei)面(mian),沃(wo)洲天(tian)姥為(wei)(wei)眉目”。它曾是(shi)(shi)全國佛(fo)學活動的(de)(de)中心,當(dang)時的(de)(de)代表人(ren)物有(you)(you)(you)(you)竺(zhu)道潛、支(zhi)(zhi)道林等18位(wei)(wei)高僧,后天(tian)臺(tai)(tai)宗創立(li),此為(wei)(wei)由(you)水(shui)道上(shang)天(tian)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)必經之(zhi)路,故(gu)其在中國佛(fo)教史(shi)上(shang)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)獨特的(de)(de)地(di)位(wei)(wei)。它又是(shi)(shi)士族文(wen)化薈(hui)萃(cui)之(zhi)地(di),東(dong)(dong)漢以后到東(dong)(dong)晉時期,最享盛譽(yu)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)孫(sun)綽(chuo)、王羲之(zhi)、戴逵(kui)等18名士。它更(geng)是(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)詩(shi)的(de)(de)發端地(di)。
主要景點
石女峰
又(you)名玉女峰、石(shi)夫人。細觀石(shi)女,高(gao)約6米,頭梳發髻,衣裙飄逸,臉朝湖(hu)面。相傳為(wei)漁(yu)郎(lang)外出,妻子在此等歸(gui)。因(yin)石(shi)女峰下(xia)陡壁險(xian)水,歷來纖夫筏手,一到此峰下(xia)便(bian)小心撐渡,多保平(ping)(ping)安。如(ru)今,大溪已成(cheng)平(ping)(ping)湖(hu),石(shi)女待郎(lang)僅存(cun)傳說。
鵝鼻峰
循石女(nv)峰(feng)而上,轉(zhuan)(zhuan)一小彎,又有一山,形如覆瓢,浮于湖(hu)畔,鄉民們稱之(zhi)“木勺山”,細觀,又酷似深鵝戲水。相傳支遁(dun)、王羲之(zhi)二(er)公同(tong)游沃(wo)洲,右軍興至,要過支遁(dun)馬尾(wei)拂塵,縛其鬃作筆,于沙(sha)(sha)中疾書一筆“鵝”字(zi),筆力(li)雄建軍在(zai)以佛(fo)帚為(wei)筆,平沙(sha)(sha)為(wei)紙,轉(zhuan)(zhuan)折(zhe)處如有折(zhe)竹斷枝之(zhi)勢(shi),間多飛白,頗有龍鱗鳳尾(wei)之(zhi)態。二(er)公相視而笑,歸(gui)來復書幾紙。總(zong)不及(ji)前者(zhe)之(zhi)佳(jia),遂又精心拓(tuo)回,立“鵝”字(zi)碑于沃(wo)洲寺,可(ke)異此碑早軼,僅有小峰(feng)紀念兩公之(zhi)雅情。
放鶴峰
位于鵝鼻峰東南(nan)數百步,本為溪西村后門山尾(wei)端,遙對真(zhen)君殿。傳此峰即為支(zhi)遁放鶴(he)(he)處。舊有(you)放鶴(he)(he)亭,多有(you)言(yan)語人雅士至此詠(yong)詩作對。
真君殿
明(ming)稱石(shi)真人廟,位(wei)于沃洲山之陽,前(qian)(qian)臨明(ming)湖。祀搞金名(ming)將宗澤。清光緒(xu)三(san)十(shi)年(nian)(1904)捐資重(zhong)建(jian)(jian),耗(hao)資三(san)萬余金,歷四(si)年(nian)竣工(gong),鼎新殿(dian)(dian)(dian)堂五(wu)十(shi)余楹(ying),構(gou)筑精(jing)致(zhi),氣度恢(hui)宏,是一座佛道合揉的廟宇(yu)建(jian)(jian)筑,為(wei)(wei)縣內(nei)古建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)藝之典范(fan),1963年(nian)公布為(wei)(wei)縣級文物保護單(dan)位(wei)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)原有赤面嚴顏(yan)的真君(jun)石(shi)像,每年(nian)十(shi)朋十(shi)五(wu)日舉(ju)行迎(ying)神賽會。真君(jun)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)歷經滄桑,現僅存大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)及左右配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)風火山式(shi),面闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian),進深三(san)間(jian),前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)有一對西坑石(shi)懸雕(diao)的蟠龍(long)石(shi)住,令(ling)人矚目,柱高4.3米,直徑0.5米,在龍(long)身間(jian)隙懸雕(diao)八(ba)仙過海神態,刻畫(hua)細膩,形象逼真,乃石(shi)雕(diao)藝術上品。整(zheng)座大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)的木(mu)雕(diao),磚雕(diao),石(shi)雕(diao)藝術精(jing)湛(zhan),有地方特色。梁枋(fang)彩繪。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)門門額上方磚雕(diao)篆書“對越”,兩側墻(qiang)壁(bi)上12幅三(san)國、水滸(hu)等人物故事及花卉(hui)圖案(an),為(wei)(wei)瓦灰色堆塑,古樸(pu)高雅,造(zao)型極為(wei)(wei)生動,大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)墻(qiang)上還有不少“封神榜”、“三(san)國演義”等精(jing)湛(zhan)的壁(bi)畫(hua)。無(wu)不顯現了(le)民間(jian)藝人的才華。
三十六渡
“三(san)十(shi)(shi)六個彎,彎彎要(yao)爬巖(yan);三(san)十(shi)(shi)六個渡(du),渡(du)渡(du)要(yao)脫褲”。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)山民訴說(shuo)山彎小道(dao)行路難的大實(shi)話。但是(shi)(shi)從旅游(you)者的角度說(shuo),巖(yan)頭爬爬,溪水玩玩,體味一下山情(qing)野趣,卻(que)別有風味。故而,這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)新(xin)昌(chang)沃洲湖名勝區(qu)一道(dao)獨(du)特(te)的風景線。早(zao)在唐代,就有詩人(ren)過這(zhe)條路上(shang)清涼(liang)寺到萬年山。
從縣(xian)城(cheng)驅車至(zhi)(zhi)沃(wo)洲(zhou)湖,然(ran)后蕩舟至(zhi)(zhi)黃壇村(cun)對岸的浮珠巖,即“智者大(da)師放(fang)螺處”,從此溯(su)沃(wo)湖源頭(tou)之溪而上,那就是“彎渡風光”了。倘若刻意(yi)地在山腳(jiao)和溪畔筑一條路上去,
那就無所謂(wei)“渡”了(le),只因這(zhe)些(xie)山徑,渡口是樵夫們隨意踏(ta)出(chu)來的(de),哪(na)里便當就往哪(na)里走,“逢(feng)坡過(guo)坡,逢(feng)水(shui)涉(she)水(shui)”,走的(de)人多了(le),時間長了(le),就自然而然形成(cheng)了(le)彎彎扭扭的(de)“S”形之路。
“三十六”之(zhi)數,是指彎渡(du)(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)多,其實也(ye)說(shuo)不準一(yi)個定數,也(ye)并非每一(yi)個彎要(yao)爬巖,每一(yi)個渡(du)(du)(du)(du)要(yao)脫褲。需要(yao)過(guo)渡(du)(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)溪(xi)澗,淳樸的山民就(jiu)搬來一(yi)些較平整的大石(shi)(shi)塊放(fang)著,俗稱“步(bu)橋”,既方便了行(xing)人,也(ye)方便了自己。那溪(xi)流(liu)有(you)(you)寬有(you)(you)窄(zhai),有(you)(you)深(shen)有(you)(you)淺,有(you)(you)些較窄(zhai)較深(shen)之(zhi)溪(xi)渡(du)(du)(du)(du),樵夫們就(jiu)隨手削(xue)幾(ji)段毛柘,青珠樹一(yi)類硬木(mu)(mu)頭搭(da)起一(yi)座(zuo)簡易(yi)的木(mu)(mu)橋,故而,雨(yu)水(shui)不大時(shi),不赤腳(jiao)也(ye)能(neng)跨越。山民對這些溪(xi)渡(du)(du)(du)(du)是很看(kan)重的,都取了大名,諸如金鉤渡(du)(du)(du)(du),高蛋(dan)砩渡(du)(du)(du)(du),箍藤(teng)渡(du)(du)(du)(du),飯團渡(du)(du)(du)(du),雞冠(guan)渡(du)(du)(du)(du)等,都是以渡(du)(du)(du)(du)口的地(di)勢(shi)形態,或(huo)者周圍有(you)(you)什么奇巖怪石(shi)(shi),“借(jie)物(wu)發揮”而已。
水簾飛瀑
東(dong)山,俗稱(cheng)水簾尖(jian),距縣(xian)東(dong)南(nan)20公里處,西(xi)接鰲峰(feng),南(nan)聯沃洲(zhou),脈自(zi)菩提峰(feng),遙接華頂,孤(gu)峰(feng)獨秀,凌空(kong)峭拔。東(dong)晉高僧(seng)竺潛曾隱于(yu)此達三十年之久。
峰尖下(xia)有(you)(you)一(yi)洞(dong)天開,門懸(xuan)飛(fei)瀑(pu),名(ming)水(shui)(shui)簾(lian)(lian)洞(dong),為(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)景(jing)區(qu)的中心景(jing)觀。水(shui)(shui)簾(lian)(lian)洞(dong)高13米(mi)(mi)(mi),深(shen)7米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)5米(mi)(mi)(mi)。洞(dong)內左(zuo)壁是一(yi)座高1米(mi)(mi)(mi)的摩崖佛(fo)(fo)雕像(xiang),右壁是菡萏泉,有(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)從洞(dong)頂一(yi)豬舌般的紅石尖上滴下(xia),滴水(shui)(shui)不(bu)斷,終年成棕紅色。洞(dong)外飛(fei)瀑(pu)自30米(mi)(mi)(mi)高處落下(xia),若珠簾(lian)(lian)垂掛,隨風(feng)飄灑。朱熹(xi)曾留(liu)有(you)(you)“一(yi)片水(shui)(shui)簾(lian)(lian)遮(zhe)洞(dong)口,何人卷得(de)上簾(lian)(lian)鉤”的詩句。“夫有(you)(you)非常之境,然后有(you)(you)非常之人棲焉(yan)。”東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)景(jing)色如此秀麗幽靜(jing),故引來無(wu)數(shu)高僧名(ming)士或(huo)棲居、或(huo)游憩,成一(yi)時名(ming)流匯(hui)集之地(di)。據《東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)志》載:東(dong)(dong)(dong)晉成帝咸和間,國師竺(zhu)道(dao)潛,本武(wu)昌郡(jun)公王敦之弟,屢召入京講法(fa)華大(da)品,時稱(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)家般若一(yi)宗(zong)‘本無(wu)異宗(zong)’。但他淡泊(bo)名(ming)利,辭朝(chao)隱(yin)居東(dong)(dong)(dong),寧(ning)康二年八十(shi)有(you)(you)九(jiu)卒(zu)。鄉人指(zhi)點(dian),水(shui)(shui)簾(lian)(lian)洞(dong)頂上那塊凌空巨巖,就是竺(zhu)潛坐禪廛(chan)經(jing)之處。洞(dong)前(qian),有(you)(you)馬蹄巖,傳為(wei)支遁(dun)坐騎神駿所(suo)印。景(jing)區(qu)內有(you)(you)禹糧石,甚奇(qi),石殼圓似饅頭,大(da)小不(bu)等內核如餡(xian),五彩(cai)繽紛,傳說為(wei)大(da)禹治(zhi)水(shui)(shui)棄其(qi)余糧幻化而成的。
旅游信息
門票價格
沃(wo)洲(zhou)湖門票價格(ge):門票60元(yuan)
門票(piao)價格包含景(jing)點:真君殿,棧道,索橋,游(you)船票(piao)
景區交通
沃洲湖風景區地圖(tu)
沃(wo)洲(zhou)湖景區交通:
1、景區地址:紹(shao)興市新昌縣城(cheng)關鎮長詔村,在在新昌東南(nan)12公(gong)里處(沃洲湖地圖)。
2、自駕(jia):從(cong)杭州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)出(chu)發走杭甬高(gao)速,過(guo)了(le)紹興到(dao)“沽渚”出(chu)口下,上路(lu)標是“嵊州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)”方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)“上三高(gao)速”,從(cong)新昌出(chu)口下沿104國(guo)道往溫州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)一(yi)直開(kai),分(fen)岔路(lu)口有標牌(pai)可直到(dao)景區。
3、汽車(che)(che)(che):從杭州汽車(che)(che)(che)東站至紹興汽車(che)(che)(che)東站每(mei)半小時有快(kuai)客發新(xin)昌,打(da)的(de)到兔羊(yang)毛衫市場(chang)(5元),兔羊(yang)毛衫市場(chang)乘新(xin)昌—長詔的(de)車(che)(che)(che)到景區(qu),出租車(che)(che)(che)約30元。