濂溪先生
周(zhou)敦(dun)(dun)頤(yi),宋朝道州營道(現今湖南(nan)道縣)人,著名哲學(xue)家(jia),謚號(hao)元公(謚號(hao),死后(hou)所給的稱號(hao)),號(hao)“濂(lian)溪(xi)”,世稱“濂(lian)溪(xi)先生”。理學(xue)派開山(shan)鼻祖。周(zhou)敦(dun)(dun)頤(yi)著有(you)《周(zhou)子全書(shu)》行(xing)世。周(zhou)敦(dun)(dun)頤(yi)曾在蓮(lian)花峰下開設(she)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院,世稱濂(lian)溪(xi)先生,濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院是(shi)他講學(xue)的講壇,他的學(xue)說對(dui)以后(hou)理學(xue)的發展(zhan)有(you)很大的影響。周(zhou)敦(dun)(dun)頤(yi)是(shi)把(ba)世界本源當做(zuo)哲學(xue)問題(ti)進行(xing)系統討(tao)論的肇(zhao)始者。
書院介紹
基本信息
九江濂(lian)(lian)溪書院(yuan),始稱(cheng)(cheng)濂(lian)(lian)溪書堂(tang),亦稱(cheng)(cheng)濂(lian)(lian)溪祠(ci)。宋嘉祐六年(nian)(1061年(nian)),周敦頤(yi)“遷國子博(bo)士(shi),通判虔州(zhou)(今贛州(zhou)市),道出江州(zhou),愛(ai)廬山之(zhi)勝,有卜居之(zhi)志(zhi),因筑書堂(tang)于其(qi)(qi)麓。堂(tang)前有溪,發源于蓮花(hua)峰(feng)下,潔清紺寒(han),下合(he)于湓(pen)江,先生濯纓而樂之(zhi),遂(sui)寓名以濂(lian)(lian)溪。”濂(lian)(lian)溪本是周敦頤(yi)故(gu)里之(zhi)名,周敦頤(yi)遠(yuan)離故(gu)鄉,在外地長(chang)期為(wei)官,一(yi)來因為(wei)清廉(lian)而貧不能返(fan)鄉,二來喜愛(ai)廬山之(zhi)美(mei),結屋于此(ci),取名“濂(lian)(lian)溪書堂(tang)”,表示(shi)僑寓此(ci)地,鄉關(guan)在目之(zhi)意。該書院(yuan)歷代(dai)屢有興建,數易(yi)其(qi)(qi)址,稱(cheng)(cheng)謂(wei)亦有變更。
汝(ru)(ru)城(cheng)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan),汝(ru)(ru)城(cheng)縣濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)始建于宋(song)寧宗嘉定(ding)十(shi)三(san)年(nian),是(shi)(shi)(shi)汝(ru)(ru)城(cheng)人民(min)為(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)周敦(dun)頤而(er)(er)建的,距今已有785年(nian)歷(li)史,被列為(wei)省級文(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)單位。濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)仿宋(song)建筑(zhu),四合(he)院(yuan)(yuan)磚(zhuan)木(mu)回廊結構(gou),建筑(zhu)面積(ji)1618平方米。自(zi)創(chuang)辦以(yi)來,書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)人文(wen)蔚起,聲(sheng)名遠(yuan)播(bo),濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)遺韻歷(li)久彌光(guang),歷(li)代(dai)(dai)名師在此傳(chuan)道授業(ye),一大批經天緯地之(zhi)才脫穎而(er)(er)出。明代(dai)(dai)兩廣總督、太(tai)子太(tai)保(bao)朱(zhu)英,江西、福建布(bu)政使范輅,清代(dai)(dai)著名詩人郭遠(yuan),當(dang)代(dai)(dai)中國人民(min)解放軍上(shang)將朱(zhu)良才、李濤,原中國作(zuo)家協會黨(dang)組副書(shu)記朱(zhu)子奇(qi)等均在此求(qiu)學(xue)立志,邁向輝煌人生。汝(ru)(ru)城(cheng)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)北宋(song)理學(xue)鼻祖周敦(dun)頤而(er)(er)興建的紀(ji)念(nian)性建筑(zhu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)省級文(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)單位、市級愛國主義教育基地,是(shi)(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)播(bo)宋(song)明理學(xue)的文(wen)化寶地。
稱謂和校址
據(ju)清(qing)同治十(shi)一年(nian)(1873年(nian))《德化縣(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)·書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)志(zhi)(zhi)》記載,九(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)先(xian)后(hou)有(you)四(si)(si)個稱(cheng)謂、四(si)(si)處(chu)(chu)校址:一曰(yue)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan),即(ji)早期的濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)堂,周敦頤逝世后(hou)改為濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠(ci),位于九(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)市(shi)治之(zhi)南十(shi)五里處(chu)(chu)蓮花峰下(今(jin)廬山區(qu)十(shi)里鄉)。二曰(yue)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)港書(shu)(shu)院(yuan),在(zai)(zai)書(shu)(shu)堂左大筑(zhu)學(xue)(xue)舍(she)二十(shi)六楹(一列房屋稱(cheng)一楹),可見規模之(zhi)盛,后(hou)毀(hui),明(ming)正統、嘉(jia)靖、清(qing)康(kang)熙、乾隆時先(xian)后(hou)重修。明(ming)清(qing)時期又在(zai)(zai)潯陽城內(nei)建過兩所濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan),一曰(yue)豐儲坊濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan),為明(ming)嘉(jia)靖年(nian)間(jian)兵備道陳(chen)洪蒙建,院(yuan)內(nei)有(you)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠(ci)、無極堂、書(shu)(shu)室五幢(chuang)、學(xue)(xue)舍(she)四(si)(si)幢(chuang)等建筑(zhu),清(qing)末已廢棄。二曰(yue)新(xin)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan),在(zai)(zai)世德坊南,清(qing)乾隆五十(shi)年(nian)(1785年(nian))知府初之(zhi)樸建,嘉(jia)慶、咸豐、同治間(jian)多次重修,原是(shi)祀濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)先(xian)生神(shen)位的地方,后(hou)來成為青年(nian)學(xue)(xue)子受業習(xi)藝準備參加(jia)科舉的場(chang)所。清(qing)末,在(zai)(zai)此基礎上興建九(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)中學(xue)(xue)堂。
濂(lian)溪(xi)書院(yuan)綿延八百余年(nian),造就了一代又一代的(de)英(ying)才,堪稱九(jiu)江書院(yuan)史奇觀。
著書與弟子
周敦(dun)(dun)(dun)頤(yi)始筑書(shu)堂,當是從個人退(tui)隱會友讀書(shu)蓍述著眼。真正成(cheng)為書(shu)院,始于(yu)1071—1072年(nian)間,即周敦(dun)(dun)(dun)頤(yi)知(zhi)南(nan)康軍時,尤其是在(zai)隱居書(shu)堂講學之后(hou)。他潛(qian)心著述,留(liu)下了(le)《太極(ji)圖(tu)說》、《通書(shu)》—宋(song)代理(li)學的開山篇,從而成(cheng)為中(zhong)國(guo)哲學史上宋(song)代理(li)學的鼻(bi)祖,即客觀(guan)唯心主義的開創者,對中(zhong)國(guo)封建社會晚期產生極(ji)大(da)影響。不僅如(ru)此,他還培養了(le)聲名(ming)煊赫的兩(liang)名(ming)弟子:程(cheng)(cheng)顥、程(cheng)(cheng)頤(yi)兩(liang)兄(xiong)弟。他們(men)是早(zao)年(nian)由周敦(dun)(dun)(dun)頤(yi)在(zai)南(nan)安(今(jin)南(nan)康縣)因程(cheng)(cheng)父程(cheng)(cheng)珦之托而收留(liu)、受業于(yu)濂溪書(shu)院的,程(cheng)(cheng)顥受周敦(dun)(dun)(dun)頤(yi)影響更大(da)些,二程(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)來都(dou)成(cheng)為宋(song)代著名(ming)理(li)學家。宋(song)元(yuan)之際學者吳澄(1249—1333),江西(xi)崇仁人,官至元(yuan)代翰林學士,他曾在(zai)濂溪書(shu)院一邊休(xiu)養,一邊講學,認真閱(yue)讀院中(zhong)藏書(shu),研(yan)究理(li)學,折(zhe)中(zhong)于(yu)朱(熹)、陸(九淵(yuan))兩(liang)派,知(zhi)名(ming)一時。
地位
濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)中國書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)史(shi)、教育史(shi)、哲學(xue)史(shi)上,有著不容忽視的(de)重(zhong)要地位,在(zai)理(li)學(xue)發(fa)展史(shi)上,更處(chu)于其他書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)無法(fa)比擬的(de)核心、靈魂和淵(yuan)源(yuan)的(de)顯赫(he)位置。歷史(shi)上到九江(jiang)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)求(qiu)學(xue)、游學(xue)、拜(bai)謁、尋訪者,可謂連綿不斷。許多名(ming)人諸如(ru)黃庭(ting)堅、蘇(su)軾、“二程”、朱(zhu)熹(xi)、王守仁等(deng)等(deng),都曾在(zai)此(ci)駐有足(zu)跡。南宋淳熙四(si)年(1177年)朱(zhu)熹(xi)撰《濂(lian)溪(xi)先生祠堂記》、《濂(lian)溪(xi)先生畫(hua)像記》。兩年后,他知(zhi)南康(kang)軍,不僅懷著對先師敬(jing)仰之情,遍訪元公當年在(zai)南康(kang)、廬山、江(jiang)州的(de)遺跡,修繕(shan)先生舊居,建“愛蓮碑”、題“愛蓮匾”,還親自把白鹿洞書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)的(de)生徒帶到山北拜(bai)謁濂(lian)溪(xi)祠。“我率諸生拜(bai)祠下,要令今古播(bo)清芬(fen)”,可見參(can)拜(bai)的(de)情景與目的(de)。
演變
書院(yuan)(yuan)的創(chuang)辦之(zhi)初帶有濃厚的私人講(jiang)學(xue)(xue)交(jiao)友的痕跡。“或吟或冥默,或酒或鳴(ming)琴。數十(shi)黃卷軸,賢圣談(tan)無(wu)音”(周敦(dun)頤《濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)港》)記載了(le)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)(yuan)初期狀況(kuang)。到后(hou)來,基本上由官府(fu)(fu)(fu)辦學(xue)(xue)。重建(jian)、修復的資金由府(fu)(fu)(fu)、縣承擔。即如宋王象之(zhi)《輿地紀勝》云:“(濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)先生)后(hou)百(bai)余年,象之(zhi)先君子守九江,為建(jian)拙堂(tang)及(ji)愛(ai)蓮堂(tang)于(yu)(yu)祠之(zhi)側。又(you)其后(hou),象之(zhi)季史觀之(zhi)為德(de)化(hua)宰,新造祠宇、書院(yuan)(yuan)、講(jiang)堂(tang),為屋數十(shi)間,仿白鹿洞院(yuan)(yuan)例,招致名儒(ru)以為堂(tang)長,諸縣舉秀(xiu)民以為生員,仍置(zhi)田租以贍之(zhi),至今(jin)不廢(fei)。”“乾隆二(er)十(shi)一年知府(fu)(fu)(fu)董榕復移建(jian)(濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)(yuan))于(yu)(yu)蓮花(hua)峰(feng)下。后(hou)因(yin)蓮花(hua)峰(feng)頭澗水(shui)潮濕,風雨飄搖(yao),肄業學(xue)(xue)子不能安居,屋遂(sui)傾(qing)圮(pi)。二(er)十(shi)八年,知府(fu)(fu)(fu)溫(wen)保(bao)初對肄業諸生每(mei)月于(yu)(yu)府(fu)(fu)(fu)學(xue)(xue)明倫堂(tang)考課,給以膏火(huo),至今(jin)因(yin)焉(yan)。”(錄同治《德(de)化(hua)志》)
邵陽濂溪書院
濂溪書(shu)院(yuan),是邵(shao)陽(yang)人民(min)為紀念周敦頤先(xian)生開(kai)發邵(shao)陽(yang)教(jiao)育事(shi)業的豐功偉績并(bing)繼承其事(shi)業而創建的一所半(ban)官半(ban)私性(xing)質的學校(xiao),是明、清(qing)間寶慶府轄區民(min)間最高(gao)學府。
基本情況
歷史(shi)沿革:濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由東(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和希(xi)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合(he)并而成。明(ming)嘉靖三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian),分守下湖(hu)南(nan)道參(can)(can)議楊逢春創建(jian)東(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),陳慶作(zuo)《東(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記(ji)(ji)》云(yun):“嘉靖歲在壬子之次,邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang)東(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成。十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)月奉使(shi)岷藩,道經邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang),兩(liang)庠(xiang)生(sheng)……來征言(yan)曰:‘敞(chang)邑(yi)東(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)舊為寺,在資水(shui)之東(dong),我藩參(can)(can)西(xi)渠楊先(xian)生(sheng)聽(ting)民(min)理(li)戎(rong)之暇(xia),進諸(zhu)生(sheng)講學于(yu)茲,喟然嘆曰:民(min)居(ju)環列若是也(ye),寺可(ke)群乎?遂遷僧眾而予之處。于(yu)是革故建(jian)新(xin),崇規學制(zhi),更題其名(ming)為東(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)………”(《寶慶府(fu)志·禮書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)六(liu)》)。明(ming)末,書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)毀于(yu)戰火(huo)(huo)。清順治十(shi)(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(1658年(nian)),寶慶知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)張惟養(yang),邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)縣濮萬鎰(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)東(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),康(kang)熙(xi)元年(nian)(1662年(nian)),邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)縣顏堯揆等(deng)增(zeng)建(jian)門(men)屏(ping)、墻垣、房舍等(deng),使(shi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)略(lve)有成規,恢復了明(ming)時(shi)舊觀。康(kang)熙(xi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)李益(yi)陽(yang)增(zeng)建(jian)講堂(tang),至(zhi)此,“書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規制(zhi)大備(bei),人咸(xian)呼(hu)為濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,但尚未正(zheng)(zheng)式(shi)更名(ming)。與此同時(shi),又別建(jian)希(xi)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)東(dong)山(shan)上,講堂(tang)、后(hou)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)室具備(bei)(同上)。乾(qian)隆十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(1745年(nian)),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)王瑋再(zai)次維(wei)修(xiu)(xiu),“恢崇舍宇,以樂育人才”。吳嗣富作(zuo)《濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)碑記(ji)(ji)》,從此,有關文(wen)獻正(zheng)(zheng)式(shi)稱該(gai)(gai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。乾(qian)隆二十(shi)(shi)(shi)四年(nian),寶慶知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)鄭(zheng)之僑籌資重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu),將(jiang)原(yuan)東(dong)山(shan)、希(xi)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)兩(liang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合(he)為一(yi)所,移祠(ci)西(xi)向(xiang),更其門(men)額為“濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,自(zi)(zi)此,該(gai)(gai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)正(zheng)(zheng)式(shi)改稱“濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。鄭(zheng)之僑自(zi)(zi)作(zuo)《新(xin)建(jian)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記(ji)(ji)》以紀(ji)(ji)之。嘉慶十(shi)(shi)(shi)九年(nian)(1814年(nian)),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)柳邁祖(zu)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu),自(zi)(zi)作(zuo)《重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記(ji)(ji)》紀(ji)(ji)其事。咸(xian)豐九年(nian)(1859年(nian))太平(ping)天(tian)國翼王石(shi)達(da)開率三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)萬大軍圍寶慶府(fu)城,書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)毀于(yu)戰火(huo)(huo)。同治二年(nian)(1863年(nian)),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)邵(shao)(shao)綬名(ming)主持重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)。民(min)國之后(hou),廢除科舉制(zhi)度,一(yi)度將(jiang)該(gai)(gai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)改為安和鎮中心小學及(ji)邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang)佛教協會駐地,書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的歷史(shi)至(zhi)此終結。
書院規模
濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的前身為(wei)(wei)東山書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和希(xi)(xi)濂書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。東山書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原有校門、云衢、景濂堂、列(lie)舍、濂溪祠(ci)、會(hui)心室(shi)(shi)等,是一(yi)處三(san)正兩(liang)(liang)橫外加校門、通衢的四合院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),清(qing)康熙元年又(you)(you)增建門屏(即(ji)照墻)、墻垣、房(fang)舍等,其(qi)規模(mo)更加擴(kuo)大(da)了(le);希(xi)(xi)濂書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原有講堂、后(hou)堂、書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)室(shi)(shi)、列(lie)舍等建筑,系(xi)兩(liang)(liang)正兩(liang)(liang)橫的四合院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。乾隆二十(shi)(shi)四年,知(zhi)府鄭(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)僑將兩(liang)(liang)所(suo)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合并,更名“濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,并將原有校舍、祠(ci)宇整舊換新,又(you)(you)新建亭、臺、館、閣(ge)(ge)若干,使其(qi)規模(mo)進一(yi)步擴(kuo)大(da)。據鄭(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)僑《新建濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記》所(suo)載(zai),新建之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),“壘石為(wei)(wei)臺,崇九尺(chi),廣三(san)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)丈(zhang),修(xiu)得廣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半”,即(ji)其(qi)臺基高九尺(chi),約(yue)(yue)3米(mi)(mi)(mi);通面闊(kuo)三(san)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)丈(zhang),約(yue)(yue)120米(mi)(mi)(mi);總進深為(wei)(wei)面闊(kuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半,約(yue)(yue)60米(mi)(mi)(mi);總占地(di)面積約(yue)(yue)7200平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)。中(zhong)軸線(xian)上之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主體建筑依次為(wei)(wei)三(san)希(xi)(xi)堂(又(you)(you)稱致(zhi)道(dao)堂)、敦崇實學室(shi)(shi)、藏書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)樓(lou)、觀瀾閣(ge)(ge);兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)廂(xiang)房(fang)左為(wei)(wei)敬德,右曰居業,是為(wei)(wei)生員修(xiu)習之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo);其(qi)兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)又(you)(you)各(ge)有廡(wu)房(fang)十(shi)(shi)余間(jian),系(xi)庖廚(chu)、餐(can)飲及食物儲存之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo);院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)前筑門樓(lou),“臺高八尺(chi),護以(yi)(yi)回欄(lan);閣(ge)(ge)高四丈(zhang)五(wu)尺(chi),翼以(yi)(yi)欄(lan)楯,可頫可眺(tiao)。閣(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旁危(wei)石列(lie)榭(xie),是為(wei)(wei)朋來亭。”大(da)門之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“外有崇坊,額(e)曰‘賢關(guan)’,體閑先圣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),亦示義利分途(tu)也”。書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“后(hou)座一(yi)筵,祀周子(zi)、朱子(zi)”,又(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)張無垢、陸子(zi)壽、程頤、程顥配之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),即(ji)六先生祠(ci)也。祠(ci)后(hou)“環之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)垣,別(bie)存舊祠(ci)三(san)楹(ying),一(yi)以(yi)(yi)主劉公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祠(ci),一(yi)祀曾、賀、李(li)、何、王五(wu)君”,此即(ji)東山寺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劉公(gong)祠(ci),五(wu)忠祠(ci),與濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)相鄰(lin),亦常與書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)并稱。至此,濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)達到(dao)鼎(ding)盛時期,其(qi)“稱名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛,亦幾(ji)與四大(da)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)埒”(見(寶慶府志(zhi)·禮(li)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)六》)。
田產與經費
濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)系半官(guan)半民性質(zhi)的(de)(de)學校,官(guan)方無(wu)(wu)固(gu)定(ding)的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)費,學校生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)員的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活及(ji)學習費用,主要靠(kao)社會(hui)各界捐(juan)助(zhu)的(de)(de)田(tian)產(chan)來維(wei)持。清康(kang)熙(xi)之(zhi)前,該書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(指其(qi)前身東(dong)山書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan))尚“無(wu)(wu)官(guan)師(shi)董治及(ji)置(zhi)田(tian)膳(shan)養(yang)之(zhi)法,康(kang)熙(xi)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1693年(nian)(nian)(nian)),邵陽(yang)知(zhi)縣王省(sheng)置(zhi)膳(shan)士(shi)田(tian)二百(bai)(bai)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)畝(mu)(mu)有(you)(you)奇,每(mei)歲(sui)獲租(zu)(zu)可四百(bai)(bai)石(shi)(shi),分而為三:一送縣學之(zhi)師(shi),一送九(jiu)(jiu)館之(zhi)師(shi),一為諸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)膏火”。其(qi)后,又相繼將(jiang)(jiang)五館、九(jiu)(jiu)館、十(shi)(shi)(shi)一館及(ji)義學之(zhi)田(tian)產(chan),統歸(gui)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管理(li),“于(yu)是(shi),濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)之(zhi)租(zu)(zu)入(ru)頗(po)富矣”。乾(qian)隆十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian),“知(zhi)府王瑋檄經(jing)(jing)歷(li)向雯、邵陽(yang)典史康(kang)裕履畝(mu)(mu)清勘計實”,計有(you)(you)膳(shan)士(shi)田(tian)三百(bai)(bai)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)畝(mu)(mu)六(liu)四,科(ke)租(zu)(zu)五百(bai)(bai)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)八(ba)(ba);賓興田(tian)五十(shi)(shi)(shi)五畝(mu)(mu),科(ke)租(zu)(zu)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi);李(li)公義學田(tian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)畝(mu)(mu)一,科(ke)租(zu)(zu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)石(shi)(shi)。共計田(tian)三百(bai)(bai)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二畝(mu)(mu)二四,租(zu)(zu)六(liu)百(bai)(bai)三石(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)八(ba)(ba)。這些田(tian)租(zu)(zu),除給九(jiu)(jiu)館學生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)租(zu)(zu)谷百(bai)(bai)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)外,歲(sui)完正賦八(ba)(ba)兩(liang)(liang),扣(kou)除賓興原額十(shi)(shi)(shi)一兩(liang)(liang),其(qi)余(yu)全部歸(gui)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)有(you)(you),又將(jiang)(jiang)縣學貧士(shi)田(tian)租(zu)(zu)四百(bai)(bai)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)六(liu)八(ba)(ba)三八(ba)(ba)除解學政賑貧及(ji)布政司完餉的(de)(de)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二兩(liang)(liang)六(liu)三(合租(zu)(zu)谷約七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi))之(zhi)外,悉(xi)歸(gui)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。這時,濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)名下的(de)(de)租(zu)(zu)入(ru)總計達九(jiu)(jiu)百(bai)(bai)石(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)余(yu)。乾(qian)隆二十(shi)(shi)(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian),知(zhi)府鄭之(zhi)僑將(jiang)(jiang)籌建濂(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)節余(yu)的(de)(de)千(qian)兩(liang)(liang)白銀(yin)存(cun)(cun)之(zhi)邵陽(yang)、武(wu)岡二質(zhi)庫(ku),歲(sui)收子銀(yin)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang),及(ji)以前公存(cun)(cun)質(zhi)庫(ku)歲(sui)收子銀(yin)一百(bai)(bai)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一兩(liang)(liang)余(yu),全部作為師(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)修脯膏火之(zhi)用,保障了來此學習諸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活及(ji)學習所(suo)需。
書院山長
濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)長(chang)(chang),見(jian)于(yu)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乘者(zhe),其(qi)(qi)前身東山(shan)(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院首任(ren)山(shan)(shan)(shan)長(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)孟(meng)仁,繼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)廷芳,而(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)生(sheng)平行(xing)(xing)狀皆無(wu)可(ke)(ke)考(kao),清乾隆(long)十年在任(ren)的山(shan)(shan)(shan)長(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)李芳華,生(sheng)平行(xing)(xing)狀亦無(wu)考(kao)。道光年間,寶(bao)慶名士(shi)、古文獻(xian)學家兼詩(shi)人(ren)鄧顯鶴曾任(ren)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院山(shan)(shan)(shan)長(chang)(chang)。鄧顯鶴,字子(zi)立,又字湘(xiang)皋,寶(bao)慶新(xin)化(今屬(shu)婁底市)人(ren),嘉(jia)慶九年(1804年)舉人(ren)。博覽群(qun)書(shu)(shu)(shu),足跡遍(bian)天下,凡海內文人(ren),多(duo)與之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交。其(qi)(qi)生(sheng)平喜搜集文獻(xian)掌故(gu),嘗(chang)謂“征文考(kao)獻(xian),當自(zi)其(qi)(qi)鄉始”,而(er)(er)“湖南自(zi)屈原(yuan)、賈(jia)誼以來(lai),通(tong)人(ren)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),仍(reng)世相(xiang)望,而(er)(er)文字放佚,湮郁不(bu)宣”。因“網羅散失,為(wei)(wei)《資江耆(qi)舊(jiu)集》六十四卷(juan)(juan)、《沅湘(xiang)耆(qi)舊(jiu)集》二(er)百卷(juan)(juan)。遍(bian)求(qiu)周圣楷(kai)《楚寶(bao)》一(yi)書(shu)(shu)(shu),匡謬拾遺,為(wei)(wei)《楚寶(bao)增輯考(kao)異》四十五(wu)卷(juan)(juan)。又主(zhu)編《寶(bao)慶府(fu)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》百五(wu)十七卷(juan)(juan)、《武岡州(zhou)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》三十四卷(juan)(juan)等鴻篇巨著,系濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院山(shan)(shan)(shan)長(chang)(chang)中成就最著者(zhe)。晚授寧鄉訓導,尋(xun)乞病歸。與邵陽(yang)魏源(yuan)最友善,嘗(chang)相(xiang)攜游學長(chang)(chang)沙、京師等地,其(qi)(qi)終生(sheng)鴻雁(yan)傳書(shu)(shu)(shu)不(bu)輟(chuo)。魏源(yuan)嘗(chang)為(wei)(wei)鄧顯鶴《南村耦耕圖(tu)》記(ji)云:“夫勞人(ren)相(xiang)竟以知能(neng),野人(ren)相(xiang)忘以無(wu)事,獨怪予(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)浮沉于(yu)二(er)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間,而(er)(er)無(wu)一(yi)所自(zi)處也(ye)。……鄧子(zi)歸,其(qi)(qi)詢諸(zhu)仲氏,更(geng)有得(de)焉,速以告余,當荷鍤而(er)(er)相(xiang)從于(yu)寂寞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)符也(ye)”(李柏榮《魏源(yuan)師友記(ji)》)。由此可(ke)(ke)知二(er)人(ren)相(xiang)契之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚矣(yi)。此后任(ren)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院山(shan)(shan)(shan)長(chang)(chang)而(er)(er)行(xing)(xing)跡可(ke)(ke)考(kao)者(zhe)僅(jin)二(er)人(ren),一(yi)為(wei)(wei)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)修職,其(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)篤(du)實剛耿(geng),“課徒嚴(yan)且勤,諸(zhu)生(sheng)翕(xi)然奮興”,逝后入(ru)祀(si)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院;一(yi)為(wei)(wei)劉榮干(gan),咸(xian)豐(feng)(1851~1861年)、同治(1862~1874年)間主(zhu)講于(yu)此。“諸(zhu)生(sheng)翕(xi)然附之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”(見(jian)《邵陽(yang)市志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)·教育志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》)。
周敦頤先生是邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)歷(li)史上一(yi)位極(ji)為(wei)(wei)重要的(de)人(ren)物,清人(ren)吳嗣富(fu)《濂(lian)溪書(shu)院碑(bei)記》云:“嘗考志書(shu)所載,勝(sheng)跡(ji)為(wei)(wei)多,其間最(zui)著者有二(er):曰(yue)甘(gan)棠渡(du)(du),曰(yue)濂(lian)溪祠。上下數千百年,濟斯(si)渡(du)(du)者,如(ru)沐旬(xun)宣;拜斯(si)祠者,如(ru)親(qin)光(guang)霽。一(yi)以政(zheng)績傳,一(yi)以道脈傳也。”前者是紀念西周初年召(zhao)公姬奭巡(xun)行南國,開發(fa)(fa)邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)的(de)歷(li)史功績;后者即為(wei)(wei)紀念周敦頤先生發(fa)(fa)展邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)教育(yu)事業的(de)豐(feng)功偉績。近(jin)千年以來,邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)人(ren)們(men)紀念周敦頤先生的(de)文物遺跡(ji)極(ji)為(wei)(wei)豐(feng)富(fu),因篇幅(fu)及(ji)本(ben)人(ren)見識所限,遺記尚多,謬誤之處(chu),亦在(zai)所難免。敬請熟(shu)悉邵(shao)(shao)(shao)陽(yang)掌故的(de)前輩與同仁批評(ping)及(ji)補證。
贛州濂溪書院
贛州濂溪書院
濂溪書院
創建于宋朝(chao)嘉祐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(1056~1063),院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)址(zhi)設在(zai)水東玉虛觀邊(bian)(今水東小學內(nei)),是(shi)周敦頤(yi)(字濂(lian)溪)任虔州通判時與(yu)程顥(hao)、程頤(yi)等弟子講(jiang)(jiang)學之處。元朝(chao)末年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)毀于戰(zhan)爭。明洪(hong)武四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1371)知(zhi)縣(xian)崔天錫重建,弘治十三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1500)知(zhi)府何光將(jiang)(jiang)書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)改建于郁孤臺下,崇(chong)禎十三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1640)知(zhi)縣(xian)陳履忠將(jiang)(jiang)書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)遷建于光孝(xiao)寺右邊(bian)(今贛一中內(nei)),改名為(wei)廉泉(quan)書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。清(qing)順治十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1653),巡(xun)撫南(nan)贛都御史劉武元將(jiang)(jiang)廉泉(quan)書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)復名為(wei)濂(lian)溪書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),并在(zai)大堂設周濂(lian)溪和二程像。招(zhao)收府屬(shu)十二縣(xian)生徒肄業其中。其后多有擴建,有東西講(jiang)(jiang)堂、濂(lian)溪祠、夜話亭、齋舍等建筑。
乾隆(long)十(shi)七年(nian)(1752),濂溪書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)成為(wei)(wei)吉南(nan)(nan)(nan)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)寧(ning)(ning)三(san)府(fu)一(yi)州(zhou)官辦書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan),清末為(wei)(wei)吉南(nan)(nan)(nan)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)汀道(dao)道(dao)立(li)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)。光緒二十(shi)四年(nian)(1898),在濂溪書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)內創辦致用中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)堂,這是贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)創辦新(xin)學(xue)的先聲(sheng)。光緒二十(shi)八(1902),贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)巡道(dao)劉(liu)心源和地方(fang)紳士(shi)劉(liu)心源和地方(fang)紳士(shi)劉(liu)景熙將整(zheng)個濂溪書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)改(gai)辦為(wei)(wei)虔南(nan)(nan)(nan)師(shi)范(fan)。此后,先后為(wei)(wei)吉南(nan)(nan)(nan)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)寧(ning)(ning)師(shi)范(fan)學(xue)堂、贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)寧(ning)(ning)師(shi)范(fan)學(xue)堂、省(sheng)(sheng)立(li)第二師(shi)范(fan)學(xue)校、省(sheng)(sheng)立(li)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)縣區中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)、省(sheng)(sheng)立(li)第三(san)中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)。1933年(nian)8月起(qi),復名(ming)省(sheng)(sheng)立(li)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)縣區中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue),成為(wei)(wei)當時贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)最(zui)高學(xue)府(fu)。解(jie)放后,改(gai)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)江西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)立(li)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)州(zhou)中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)。1953年(nian),改(gai)名(ming)江西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)州(zhou)市(shi)第一(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)至今(jin)。濂溪書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)自創建以來,三(san)易其地,已有900多年(nian)的歷史,其中(zhong)(zhong)夜(ye)話亭現保存在贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)州(zhou)市(shi)第一(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)內。故水(shui)東(dong)可稱為(wei)(wei)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)教育的發祥地。
我(wo)生近圣人居,教澤(ze)如(ru)新(xin),敢忘(wang)魯(lu)壁金絲,尼山木鐸;
此來繼賢者(zhe)后(hou),風流未泯,竊愿士崇禮儀(yi),俗尚弦歌。
佚名題濂溪書院
夜話亭
夜話(hua)(hua)(hua)亭(ting)(ting)(ting),位(wei)于(yu)江西贛(gan)州古城區東南,現厚德(de)路的贛(gan)州市(shi)第一中(zhong)學內。旁有(you)一泉(quan),相傳南北朝劉(liu)宋(song)元(yuan)(yuan)嘉年(nian)(nian)間(jian)(424-435年(nian)(nian)),一夕雷震(zhen),泉(quan)忽涌出(chu),遂以(yi)太守廉(lian)(lian)取名“廉(lian)(lian)泉(quan)”。宋(song)知(zhi)軍越履祥(xiang)(xiang)建廉(lian)(lian)泉(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)。北宋(song)紹(shao)圣元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(1094年(nian)(nian))蘇軾貶官(guan)嶺南,過虔州(今贛(gan)州),慕名造訪當地名賢陽孝(xiao)本,兩人相處甚歡,游(you)祥(xiang)(xiang)符宮(gong),觀廉(lian)(lian)泉(quan)并在此(ci)(ci)談心至(zhi)深夜和作(zuo)詩(shi)。因此(ci)(ci)后(hou)人改廉(lian)(lian)泉(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)為(wei)夜話(hua)(hua)(hua)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)。清康(kang)熙(xi)六(liu)十年(nian)(nian)(1721年(nian)(nian))撤亭(ting)(ting)(ting)建坊(fang),額(e)為(wei)“贛(gan)第一泉(quan)”。乾隆(long)四(si)十三年(nian)(nian)(1778年(nian)(nian))易坊(fang)為(wei)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)。額(e)為(wei)“光風霽(ji)月(yue)”,并仍懸“贛(gan)第一泉(quan)”匾于(yu)此(ci)(ci)。夜話(hua)(hua)(hua)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)為(wei)新建,尚存乾隆(long)濂(lian)溪書(shu)院山長吳湘皋刻的《蘇陽二公夜話(hua)(hua)(hua)圖》碑。列為(wei)省級文物保護單位(wei)。
汝城濂溪書院
2001年以來,汝城(cheng)縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政府按(an)照文物(wu)“修舊(jiu)如舊(jiu)”的(de)原則(ze)對濂溪書院進行了(le)(le)修復(fu),完成了(le)(le)廣場建設、前坪鋪設、室內陳列以及美化亮(liang)化工程(cheng),全面提升了(le)(le)書院的(de)文化品位,受到(dao)了(le)(le)上(shang)級(ji)領(ling)導和湖(hu)南(nan)省周敦頤研究專(zhuan)家的(de)好評。重修后的(de)濂溪書院成為了(le)(le)汝城(cheng)文化事(shi)業發展(zhan)的(de)亮(liang)點和游覽觀光的(de)熱(re)點,是愛國主義教(jiao)育和保持共產黨(dang)員先進性教(jiao)育基地,黨(dang)政要員、莘(xin)莘(xin)學子、文人墨客拜(bai)謁者絡繹不絕。