濂溪先生
周(zhou)敦(dun)(dun)頤(yi)(yi),宋朝道州(zhou)營道(現今湖南(nan)道縣(xian))人,著名哲(zhe)學(xue)家,謚(shi)號(hao)元(yuan)公(gong)(謚(shi)號(hao),死(si)后所給的(de)稱號(hao)),號(hao)“濂(lian)溪(xi)”,世(shi)稱“濂(lian)溪(xi)先生(sheng)”。理學(xue)派開(kai)山(shan)鼻(bi)祖。周(zhou)敦(dun)(dun)頤(yi)(yi)著有《周(zhou)子全書(shu)》行(xing)世(shi)。周(zhou)敦(dun)(dun)頤(yi)(yi)曾在蓮花峰(feng)下開(kai)設濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院,世(shi)稱濂(lian)溪(xi)先生(sheng),濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院是(shi)他(ta)講學(xue)的(de)講壇,他(ta)的(de)學(xue)說對以后理學(xue)的(de)發(fa)展有很大的(de)影響(xiang)。周(zhou)敦(dun)(dun)頤(yi)(yi)是(shi)把世(shi)界本源當做哲(zhe)學(xue)問題進行(xing)系統討論的(de)肇始者。
書院介紹
基本信息
九江濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院,始稱濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)堂(tang)(tang),亦稱濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)祠。宋嘉祐六年(1061年),周敦(dun)頤(yi)(yi)“遷國子博士(shi),通判虔州(zhou)(今贛州(zhou)市),道(dao)出江州(zhou),愛廬山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)勝,有(you)卜居之(zhi)志,因(yin)筑書(shu)堂(tang)(tang)于(yu)其麓。堂(tang)(tang)前有(you)溪(xi),發源于(yu)蓮花峰下,潔清(qing)紺寒(han),下合于(yu)湓(pen)江,先(xian)生(sheng)濯(zhuo)纓而樂之(zhi),遂寓(yu)名以濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)。”濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)本是周敦(dun)頤(yi)(yi)故(gu)里(li)之(zhi)名,周敦(dun)頤(yi)(yi)遠(yuan)離故(gu)鄉,在外(wai)地長(chang)期為官,一來因(yin)為清(qing)廉而貧不能(neng)返鄉,二來喜愛廬山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)美,結屋于(yu)此,取名“濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)堂(tang)(tang)”,表示僑寓(yu)此地,鄉關在目之(zhi)意。該書(shu)院歷代(dai)屢有(you)興建,數(shu)易其址,稱謂亦有(you)變更(geng)。
汝(ru)城濂溪(xi)書院(yuan),汝(ru)城縣濂溪(xi)書院(yuan)始建于宋(song)寧宗嘉定十三年(nian),是(shi)汝(ru)城人(ren)民為(wei)紀念周(zhou)(zhou)敦頤而(er)建的,距今已有(you)785年(nian)歷史,被列為(wei)省級(ji)文物保(bao)護單位。濂溪(xi)書院(yuan)為(wei)仿宋(song)建筑,四(si)合(he)院(yuan)磚木回廊(lang)結構,建筑面積(ji)1618平方(fang)米。自創辦以來,書院(yuan)人(ren)文蔚起,聲名(ming)遠(yuan)播,濂溪(xi)遺韻歷久彌光,歷代(dai)名(ming)師在此傳道授業,一大批經天緯(wei)地(di)之才脫(tuo)穎而(er)出。明代(dai)兩(liang)廣總督、太子(zi)太保(bao)朱英,江西(xi)、福(fu)建布(bu)政使范輅,清代(dai)著名(ming)詩人(ren)郭遠(yuan),當代(dai)中國(guo)人(ren)民解放軍(jun)上將朱良才、李濤(tao),原中國(guo)作家(jia)協會黨組副書記朱子(zi)奇等均在此求學(xue)立志,邁(mai)向輝煌(huang)人(ren)生。汝(ru)城濂溪(xi)書院(yuan)是(shi)為(wei)紀念北宋(song)理(li)學(xue)鼻祖周(zhou)(zhou)敦頤而(er)興(xing)建的紀念性(xing)建筑,是(shi)省級(ji)文物保(bao)護單位、市(shi)級(ji)愛(ai)國(guo)主(zhu)義教(jiao)育基地(di),是(shi)傳播宋(song)明理(li)學(xue)的文化寶地(di)。
稱謂和校址
據清(qing)(qing)同(tong)治十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1873年(nian)(nian))《德(de)化縣志·書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)志》記載,九江濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)先后(hou)有(you)四個稱謂(wei)、四處校(xiao)址:一(yi)曰(yue)(yue)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),即早期的濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)堂(tang),周敦(dun)頤逝世后(hou)改為濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠,位于(yu)九江市治之南十(shi)五(wu)里處蓮花峰下(今廬(lu)山區十(shi)里鄉)。二曰(yue)(yue)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)港書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),在(zai)書(shu)(shu)堂(tang)左大筑(zhu)學(xue)舍二十(shi)六楹(ying)(一(yi)列房屋稱一(yi)楹(ying)),可見規模之盛(sheng),后(hou)毀,明(ming)正統(tong)、嘉靖(jing)、清(qing)(qing)康熙、乾(qian)隆時先后(hou)重修。明(ming)清(qing)(qing)時期又在(zai)潯陽城(cheng)內建過(guo)兩所濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),一(yi)曰(yue)(yue)豐儲坊(fang)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),為明(ming)嘉靖(jing)年(nian)(nian)間(jian)兵(bing)備道陳洪蒙建,院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內有(you)濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠、無極堂(tang)、書(shu)(shu)室五(wu)幢(chuang)、學(xue)舍四幢(chuang)等建筑(zhu),清(qing)(qing)末(mo)已廢(fei)棄。二曰(yue)(yue)新濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),在(zai)世德(de)坊(fang)南,清(qing)(qing)乾(qian)隆五(wu)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(1785年(nian)(nian))知府初之樸建,嘉慶(qing)、咸豐、同(tong)治間(jian)多次重修,原(yuan)是祀濂(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)先生神位的地方,后(hou)來成為青年(nian)(nian)學(xue)子(zi)受業(ye)習藝準備參加(jia)科舉(ju)的場所。清(qing)(qing)末(mo),在(zai)此基礎上興建九江中學(xue)堂(tang)。
濂溪書(shu)院綿延(yan)八百余年(nian),造(zao)就了一代又一代的英(ying)才,堪稱九江書(shu)院史奇(qi)觀。
著書與弟子
周敦頤(yi)(yi)始(shi)筑書(shu)堂,當是從個人退隱會友讀(du)書(shu)蓍述(shu)著眼。真(zhen)正成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)書(shu)院(yuan),始(shi)于(yu)1071—1072年間,即周敦頤(yi)(yi)知南(nan)康軍時,尤其(qi)是在隱居(ju)書(shu)堂講學(xue)(xue)之(zhi)后。他(ta)潛(qian)心著述(shu),留下了(le)《太(tai)極圖(tu)說》、《通書(shu)》—宋代理學(xue)(xue)的(de)開山篇,從而成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)國哲學(xue)(xue)史上(shang)宋代理學(xue)(xue)的(de)鼻祖,即客(ke)觀(guan)唯心主義的(de)開創者,對中(zhong)國封建社(she)會晚(wan)期產生極大影響(xiang)(xiang)。不(bu)僅如此,他(ta)還培養(yang)了(le)聲名(ming)煊赫的(de)兩(liang)名(ming)弟(di)子:程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)顥(hao)(hao)、程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頤(yi)(yi)兩(liang)兄弟(di)。他(ta)們是早年由周敦頤(yi)(yi)在南(nan)安(今南(nan)康縣)因程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)父程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)珦之(zhi)托而收(shou)留、受(shou)業(ye)于(yu)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)的(de),程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)顥(hao)(hao)受(shou)周敦頤(yi)(yi)影響(xiang)(xiang)更大些,二(er)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后來都成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)宋代著名(ming)理學(xue)(xue)家。宋元(yuan)之(zhi)際學(xue)(xue)者吳澄(1249—1333),江(jiang)西崇仁人,官至元(yuan)代翰林學(xue)(xue)士(shi),他(ta)曾在濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)一(yi)邊(bian)休養(yang),一(yi)邊(bian)講學(xue)(xue),認真(zhen)閱讀(du)院(yuan)中(zhong)藏書(shu),研究理學(xue)(xue),折中(zhong)于(yu)朱(zhu)(熹(xi))、陸(九(jiu)淵)兩(liang)派(pai),知名(ming)一(yi)時。
地位
濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書院在(zai)中國書院史(shi)、教(jiao)育史(shi)、哲學(xue)史(shi)上(shang)(shang),有(you)著不容(rong)忽視(shi)的(de)重(zhong)要地位,在(zai)理學(xue)發(fa)展史(shi)上(shang)(shang),更處(chu)于其(qi)他(ta)書院無法比(bi)擬的(de)核心、靈魂和淵(yuan)源的(de)顯赫(he)位置。歷史(shi)上(shang)(shang)到九江(jiang)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書院求學(xue)、游學(xue)、拜(bai)謁、尋訪(fang)者,可(ke)謂連綿(mian)不斷。許多名人諸如黃(huang)庭(ting)堅(jian)、蘇軾、“二(er)程”、朱熹(xi)、王(wang)守仁等等,都曾在(zai)此駐有(you)足跡。南宋淳熙四年(1177年)朱熹(xi)撰《濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)先生(sheng)(sheng)祠堂記》、《濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)先生(sheng)(sheng)畫像記》。兩(liang)年后,他(ta)知(zhi)南康(kang)軍,不僅懷著對先師敬仰之情,遍訪(fang)元公(gong)當年在(zai)南康(kang)、廬山、江(jiang)州的(de)遺跡,修繕先生(sheng)(sheng)舊居,建“愛(ai)蓮碑”、題“愛(ai)蓮匾(bian)”,還親自(zi)把白鹿洞書院的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)徒帶到山北拜(bai)謁濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)祠。“我率諸生(sheng)(sheng)拜(bai)祠下,要令今古(gu)播清(qing)芬”,可(ke)見(jian)參(can)拜(bai)的(de)情景(jing)與目的(de)。
演變
書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)的創辦之(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)(chu)帶(dai)有濃厚的私人講學(xue)(xue)(xue)交友的痕跡(ji)。“或(huo)吟或(huo)冥默,或(huo)酒(jiu)或(huo)鳴(ming)琴。數(shu)十黃卷軸,賢圣(sheng)談無音”(周敦頤《濂溪港》)記(ji)載了濂溪書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)初(chu)(chu)期狀況(kuang)。到后來,基本上由(you)官府(fu)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)。重(zhong)建(jian)、修復(fu)的資金(jin)由(you)府(fu)、縣(xian)承擔。即如宋王象之(zhi)(zhi)《輿(yu)地紀勝(sheng)》云:“(濂溪先(xian)生)后百余年,象之(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)君子(zi)守九江(jiang),為(wei)建(jian)拙堂(tang)及愛蓮(lian)堂(tang)于祠(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)側(ce)。又其(qi)后,象之(zhi)(zhi)季史(shi)觀之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)德化(hua)宰,新造祠(ci)(ci)宇、書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)、講堂(tang),為(wei)屋數(shu)十間(jian),仿白(bai)鹿(lu)洞院(yuan)(yuan)例,招致(zhi)名儒以為(wei)堂(tang)長,諸(zhu)縣(xian)舉秀民以為(wei)生員(yuan),仍置田租(zu)以贍之(zhi)(zhi),至今不廢。”“乾隆(long)二(er)十一(yi)年知府(fu)董榕(rong)復(fu)移建(jian)(濂溪書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan))于蓮(lian)花(hua)峰(feng)下。后因蓮(lian)花(hua)峰(feng)頭澗(jian)水潮濕,風雨飄(piao)搖,肄業學(xue)(xue)(xue)子(zi)不能(neng)安(an)居,屋遂傾圮。二(er)十八年,知府(fu)溫保初(chu)(chu)對肄業諸(zhu)生每月(yue)于府(fu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)明倫(lun)堂(tang)考課,給以膏火,至今因焉。”(錄同治(zhi)《德化(hua)志》)
邵陽濂溪書院
濂溪書院,是邵陽(yang)(yang)人民為紀念周敦頤先生開發(fa)邵陽(yang)(yang)教(jiao)育事(shi)業的(de)豐功偉績并繼(ji)承(cheng)其事(shi)業而創建的(de)一所半官半私性質(zhi)的(de)學校,是明、清間寶慶府轄區民間最(zui)高學府。
基本情況
歷史(shi)沿革:濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)希(xi)(xi)濂(lian)(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合(he)并而(er)成。明(ming)嘉靖三十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian),分守下湖南(nan)道參議楊(yang)逢春創建(jian)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),陳慶作《東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記》云:“嘉靖歲在(zai)壬子之次,邵陽東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成。十(shi)一(yi)月奉使岷藩,道經邵陽,兩庠生……來(lai)征言曰:‘敞邑(yi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)舊(jiu)為(wei)寺,在(zai)資(zi)水之東(dong)(dong)(dong),我藩參西渠楊(yang)先(xian)生聽(ting)民(min)理戎之暇,進(jin)諸生講(jiang)學于(yu)茲,喟然嘆曰:民(min)居環列若(ruo)是也(ye),寺可群乎?遂(sui)遷(qian)僧眾而(er)予之處。于(yu)是革故(gu)建(jian)新(xin),崇(chong)規(gui)學制,更題其(qi)名(ming)為(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)………”(《寶(bao)慶府(fu)志·禮書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)六》)。明(ming)末(mo),書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)毀于(yu)戰火。清(qing)順治(zhi)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1658年(nian)(nian)(nian)),寶(bao)慶知(zhi)府(fu)張惟養(yang),邵陽知(zhi)縣濮萬鎰重修(xiu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),康熙元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1662年(nian)(nian)(nian)),邵陽知(zhi)縣顏堯揆(kui)等增(zeng)建(jian)門屏、墻(qiang)垣、房舍等,使書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)略(lve)有(you)成規(gui),恢(hui)復了明(ming)時(shi)舊(jiu)觀。康熙十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian),知(zhi)府(fu)李益(yi)陽增(zeng)建(jian)講(jiang)堂,至此(ci),“書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規(gui)制大(da)(da)備(bei),人(ren)咸(xian)呼為(wei)濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,但(dan)尚未(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)式更名(ming)。與(yu)此(ci)同(tong)時(shi),又別建(jian)希(xi)(xi)濂(lian)(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)上,講(jiang)堂、后院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)室(shi)具(ju)備(bei)(同(tong)上)。乾(qian)隆(long)(long)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1745年(nian)(nian)(nian)),知(zhi)府(fu)王瑋再次維修(xiu),“恢(hui)崇(chong)舍宇,以樂(le)育人(ren)才”。吳嗣(si)富作《濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)碑記》,從(cong)此(ci),有(you)關文獻正(zheng)(zheng)式稱該(gai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。乾(qian)隆(long)(long)二十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian),寶(bao)慶知(zhi)府(fu)鄭之僑籌資(zi)重修(xiu),將原東(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)、希(xi)(xi)濂(lian)(lian)兩書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合(he)為(wei)一(yi)所,移(yi)祠西向,更其(qi)門額為(wei)“濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,自(zi)此(ci),該(gai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)正(zheng)(zheng)式改(gai)稱“濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。鄭之僑自(zi)作《新(xin)建(jian)濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記》以紀(ji)之。嘉慶十(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1814年(nian)(nian)(nian)),知(zhi)府(fu)柳邁祖重修(xiu),自(zi)作《重修(xiu)濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記》紀(ji)其(qi)事。咸(xian)豐九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1859年(nian)(nian)(nian))太(tai)平天國(guo)翼王石達開率三十(shi)萬大(da)(da)軍圍寶(bao)慶府(fu)城,書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)毀于(yu)戰火。同(tong)治(zhi)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1863年(nian)(nian)(nian)),知(zhi)府(fu)邵綬(shou)名(ming)主持重修(xiu)。民(min)國(guo)之后,廢除(chu)科(ke)舉(ju)制度,一(yi)度將該(gai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)改(gai)為(wei)安和(he)(he)鎮中(zhong)心(xin)小(xiao)學及邵陽佛(fo)教協會駐(zhu)地,書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的歷史(shi)至此(ci)終結。
書院規模
濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)的(de)(de)前身為(wei)東(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)和希(xi)濂(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)。東(dong)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)原有(you)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)門、云衢、景濂(lian)堂、列(lie)舍、濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠(ci)(ci)、會心室等,是一(yi)(yi)處三(san)正(zheng)(zheng)兩橫外(wai)加校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)門、通衢的(de)(de)四(si)合(he)院(yuan),清康熙元年(nian)(nian)又增(zeng)建(jian)門屏(即(ji)照墻)、墻垣(yuan)、房舍等,其(qi)規模更(geng)加擴大了(le);希(xi)濂(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)原有(you)講(jiang)堂、后(hou)堂、書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)室、列(lie)舍等建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),系兩正(zheng)(zheng)兩橫的(de)(de)四(si)合(he)院(yuan)。乾隆(long)二十四(si)年(nian)(nian),知府(fu)鄭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)僑將兩所(suo)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)合(he)并,更(geng)名“濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)”,并將原有(you)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)舍、祠(ci)(ci)宇整舊換新(xin),又新(xin)建(jian)亭、臺(tai)、館、閣若干,使其(qi)規模進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步擴大。據鄭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)僑《新(xin)建(jian)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)記》所(suo)載,新(xin)建(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan),“壘(lei)石為(wei)臺(tai),崇(chong)九尺(chi)(chi)(chi),廣三(san)十五(wu)(wu)丈,修得廣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半(ban)”,即(ji)其(qi)臺(tai)基高(gao)九尺(chi)(chi)(chi),約3米(mi);通面闊三(san)十五(wu)(wu)丈,約120米(mi);總進(jin)(jin)深為(wei)面闊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半(ban),約60米(mi);總占地(di)面積約7200平方米(mi)。中(zhong)軸(zhou)線上之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主體(ti)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)依次為(wei)三(san)希(xi)堂(又稱致道堂)、敦(dun)崇(chong)實學室、藏(zang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)樓、觀(guan)瀾閣;兩側(ce)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)廂房左為(wei)敬德,右(you)曰居業(ye),是為(wei)生(sheng)員修習(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo);其(qi)兩側(ce)又各有(you)廡(wu)房十余間,系庖廚、餐飲及食(shi)物(wu)儲存(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo);院(yuan)前筑(zhu)(zhu)門樓,“臺(tai)高(gao)八尺(chi)(chi)(chi),護以(yi)回欄(lan);閣高(gao)四(si)丈五(wu)(wu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi),翼(yi)以(yi)欄(lan)楯,可頫(fu)可眺。閣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旁危石列(lie)榭,是為(wei)朋來亭。”大門之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“外(wai)有(you)崇(chong)坊,額曰‘賢關’,體(ti)閑先(xian)(xian)圣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,亦(yi)(yi)示義利分途也(ye)”。書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“后(hou)座一(yi)(yi)筵,祀周(zhou)子、朱子”,又以(yi)張無(wu)垢(gou)、陸(lu)子壽、程頤、程顥配之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),即(ji)六先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)祠(ci)(ci)也(ye)。祠(ci)(ci)后(hou)“環之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)垣(yuan),別存(cun)舊祠(ci)(ci)三(san)楹,一(yi)(yi)以(yi)主劉公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祠(ci)(ci),一(yi)(yi)祀曾、賀、李、何、王五(wu)(wu)君”,此(ci)即(ji)東(dong)山(shan)寺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劉公祠(ci)(ci),五(wu)(wu)忠(zhong)祠(ci)(ci),與(yu)濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)相鄰,亦(yi)(yi)常(chang)與(yu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)并稱。至此(ci),濂(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)達到鼎盛時期(qi),其(qi)“稱名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛,亦(yi)(yi)幾與(yu)四(si)大書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)埒”(見(寶慶(qing)府(fu)志(zhi)·禮書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)六》)。
田產與經費
濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)因系半官半民(min)性質的(de)(de)學(xue)校(xiao),官方無(wu)固定的(de)(de)經費,學(xue)校(xiao)生(sheng)(sheng)員(yuan)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)及(ji)學(xue)習(xi)費用,主要(yao)靠(kao)社會(hui)各(ge)界(jie)捐助的(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)產(chan)來維持(chi)。清康熙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian),該書(shu)院(yuan)(指其(qi)前(qian)身(shen)東(dong)山書(shu)院(yuan))尚“無(wu)官師(shi)董治及(ji)置田(tian)(tian)膳養之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa),康熙三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)(1693年(nian)),邵(shao)陽知縣(xian)王(wang)省置膳士田(tian)(tian)二(er)百(bai)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)畝(mu)(mu)有奇,每歲獲租(zu)(zu)可(ke)四百(bai)石,分而(er)為三(san)(san)(san):一(yi)送縣(xian)學(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師(shi),一(yi)送九(jiu)(jiu)館(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師(shi),一(yi)為諸生(sheng)(sheng)膏火”。其(qi)后,又(you)相繼將(jiang)五(wu)(wu)館(guan)、九(jiu)(jiu)館(guan)、十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)館(guan)及(ji)義學(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)產(chan),統歸濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)管理,“于是,濂(lian)溪(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)租(zu)(zu)入頗富矣”。乾隆(long)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian),“知府王(wang)瑋檄經歷向雯、邵(shao)陽典史康裕履畝(mu)(mu)清勘計實”,計有膳士田(tian)(tian)三(san)(san)(san)百(bai)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)畝(mu)(mu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)四,科(ke)租(zu)(zu)五(wu)(wu)百(bai)七十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)石九(jiu)(jiu)八(ba)(ba);賓興田(tian)(tian)五(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)畝(mu)(mu),科(ke)租(zu)(zu)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)石;李公義學(xue)田(tian)(tian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)畝(mu)(mu)一(yi),科(ke)租(zu)(zu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)石。共計田(tian)(tian)三(san)(san)(san)百(bai)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)畝(mu)(mu)二(er)四,租(zu)(zu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)百(bai)三(san)(san)(san)石九(jiu)(jiu)八(ba)(ba)。這些田(tian)(tian)租(zu)(zu),除給九(jiu)(jiu)館(guan)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)租(zu)(zu)谷(gu)百(bai)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)石外(wai),歲完正賦(fu)八(ba)(ba)兩(liang),扣除賓興原額(e)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)兩(liang),其(qi)余(yu)全(quan)部歸濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)所(suo)有,又(you)將(jiang)縣(xian)學(xue)貧士田(tian)(tian)租(zu)(zu)四百(bai)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)石六(liu)(liu)(liu)八(ba)(ba)三(san)(san)(san)八(ba)(ba)除解學(xue)政賑貧及(ji)布政司完餉的(de)(de)七十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)兩(liang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)三(san)(san)(san)(合租(zu)(zu)谷(gu)約七十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)石)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai),悉歸書(shu)院(yuan)。這時,濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)名下的(de)(de)租(zu)(zu)入總計達九(jiu)(jiu)百(bai)石有余(yu)。乾隆(long)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四年(nian),知府鄭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)僑將(jiang)籌建濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)所(suo)節余(yu)的(de)(de)千兩(liang)白銀(yin)(yin)存之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邵(shao)陽、武岡二(er)質庫,歲收子(zi)銀(yin)(yin)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang),及(ji)以前(qian)公存質庫歲收子(zi)銀(yin)(yin)一(yi)百(bai)七十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)兩(liang)余(yu),全(quan)部作為師(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)修(xiu)脯膏火之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用,保(bao)障了來此學(xue)習(xi)諸生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)及(ji)學(xue)習(xi)所(suo)需。
書院山長
濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)之山長(chang)(chang),見于志(zhi)(zhi)乘者(zhe),其(qi)(qi)前(qian)身東山書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)首(shou)任山長(chang)(chang)為(wei)楊孟仁(ren),繼之者(zhe)楊廷芳,而其(qi)(qi)生(sheng)平(ping)行(xing)狀皆無(wu)可考(kao),清乾隆十(shi)年(nian)(nian)在任的山長(chang)(chang)為(wei)李芳華,生(sheng)平(ping)行(xing)狀亦無(wu)考(kao)。道光(guang)年(nian)(nian)間(jian),寶(bao)慶名士、古文獻學家兼詩(shi)人(ren)鄧(deng)顯(xian)鶴曾任濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)山長(chang)(chang)。鄧(deng)顯(xian)鶴,字(zi)子立,又字(zi)湘皋,寶(bao)慶新化(今(jin)屬婁底市)人(ren),嘉慶九年(nian)(nian)(1804年(nian)(nian))舉人(ren)。博覽群(qun)書(shu)(shu)(shu),足跡(ji)遍天下,凡海內文人(ren),多與之交。其(qi)(qi)生(sheng)平(ping)喜搜集文獻掌故,嘗(chang)(chang)謂“征文考(kao)獻,當(dang)自(zi)其(qi)(qi)鄉(xiang)始”,而“湖南自(zi)屈原、賈誼以(yi)來,通人(ren)志(zhi)(zhi)士,仍世(shi)相望,而文字(zi)放佚(yi),湮郁不(bu)宣”。因“網羅散失(shi),為(wei)《資江耆(qi)舊(jiu)集》六十(shi)四(si)(si)卷、《沅湘耆(qi)舊(jiu)集》二(er)百(bai)卷。遍求(qiu)周圣(sheng)楷《楚(chu)寶(bao)》一(yi)(yi)書(shu)(shu)(shu),匡(kuang)謬拾遺,為(wei)《楚(chu)寶(bao)增輯考(kao)異》四(si)(si)十(shi)五(wu)卷。又主編《寶(bao)慶府(fu)志(zhi)(zhi)》百(bai)五(wu)十(shi)七(qi)卷、《武岡州志(zhi)(zhi)》三十(shi)四(si)(si)卷等鴻篇巨著(zhu),系濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)山長(chang)(chang)中成(cheng)就最著(zhu)者(zhe)。晚授(shou)寧鄉(xiang)訓導,尋乞病歸。與邵陽魏源(yuan)最友善,嘗(chang)(chang)相攜游學長(chang)(chang)沙、京師等地,其(qi)(qi)終生(sheng)鴻雁傳(chuan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)不(bu)輟(chuo)。魏源(yuan)嘗(chang)(chang)為(wei)鄧(deng)顯(xian)鶴《南村耦耕圖》記云:“夫勞人(ren)相竟以(yi)知能,野(ye)人(ren)相忘(wang)以(yi)無(wu)事(shi),獨怪予(yu)之浮沉(chen)于二(er)者(zhe)之間(jian),而無(wu)一(yi)(yi)所自(zi)處也。……鄧(deng)子歸,其(qi)(qi)詢(xun)諸(zhu)仲氏,更有得焉,速以(yi)告余(yu),當(dang)荷鍤而相從于寂寞之符(fu)也”(李柏(bo)榮《魏源(yuan)師友記》)。由此(ci)可知二(er)人(ren)相契之厚矣。此(ci)后(hou)任濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)山長(chang)(chang)而行(xing)跡(ji)可考(kao)者(zhe)僅(jin)二(er)人(ren),一(yi)(yi)為(wei)楊修職,其(qi)(qi)為(wei)人(ren)篤實剛耿,“課徒(tu)嚴且勤(qin),諸(zhu)生(sheng)翕然(ran)(ran)奮興(xing)”,逝后(hou)入祀濂溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan);一(yi)(yi)為(wei)劉榮干,咸豐(1851~1861年(nian)(nian))、同治(1862~1874年(nian)(nian))間(jian)主講于此(ci)。“諸(zhu)生(sheng)翕然(ran)(ran)附之”(見《邵陽市志(zhi)(zhi)·教育(yu)志(zhi)(zhi)》)。
周(zhou)(zhou)敦頤先(xian)生是邵(shao)(shao)陽歷史上一(yi)位極為重要(yao)的(de)(de)人(ren)物,清(qing)人(ren)吳嗣富《濂溪書院碑記(ji)》云:“嘗考志書所載,勝跡為多,其間最著者有二(er):曰甘棠(tang)渡(du),曰濂溪祠(ci)。上下數千百(bai)年(nian),濟斯(si)渡(du)者,如沐旬(xun)宣(xuan);拜斯(si)祠(ci)者,如親光霽。一(yi)以(yi)政績(ji)(ji)傳,一(yi)以(yi)道脈傳也。”前(qian)者是紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)西(xi)周(zhou)(zhou)初年(nian)召公(gong)姬奭巡(xun)行南國(guo),開發邵(shao)(shao)陽的(de)(de)歷史功績(ji)(ji);后(hou)者即為紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)周(zhou)(zhou)敦頤先(xian)生發展(zhan)邵(shao)(shao)陽教育事(shi)業的(de)(de)豐(feng)功偉績(ji)(ji)。近千年(nian)以(yi)來,邵(shao)(shao)陽人(ren)們紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)周(zhou)(zhou)敦頤先(xian)生的(de)(de)文物遺(yi)跡極為豐(feng)富,因篇幅及(ji)本人(ren)見(jian)識所限,遺(yi)記(ji)尚多,謬誤(wu)之處,亦在所難(nan)免。敬請(qing)熟(shu)悉邵(shao)(shao)陽掌故的(de)(de)前(qian)輩與(yu)同仁批評及(ji)補證(zheng)。
贛州濂溪書院
贛州濂溪書院
濂溪書院
創(chuang)建于宋朝嘉祐年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(1056~1063),院址(zhi)設在水東(dong)玉虛(xu)觀邊(bian)(今(jin)水東(dong)小學內),是周敦頤(字濂溪)任虔州(zhou)通判時與程顥、程頤等(deng)(deng)弟子講(jiang)學之處。元朝末年(nian)(nian)(nian)書(shu)(shu)院毀于戰爭。明(ming)洪武四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1371)知縣(xian)崔天錫重建,弘治(zhi)十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1500)知府(fu)何光將(jiang)書(shu)(shu)院改建于郁孤(gu)臺下,崇禎十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1640)知縣(xian)陳(chen)履(lv)忠將(jiang)書(shu)(shu)院遷建于光孝寺右邊(bian)(今(jin)贛(gan)一中(zhong)內),改名(ming)為廉泉書(shu)(shu)院。清順治(zhi)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1653),巡(xun)撫南(nan)贛(gan)都(dou)御(yu)史劉武元將(jiang)廉泉書(shu)(shu)院復名(ming)為濂溪書(shu)(shu)院,并在大堂(tang)設周濂溪和二程像。招收府(fu)屬十(shi)二縣(xian)生徒(tu)肄業其中(zhong)。其后多(duo)有擴建,有東(dong)西講(jiang)堂(tang)、濂溪祠、夜話亭、齋(zhai)舍(she)等(deng)(deng)建筑。
乾隆(long)十(shi)七年(1752),濂溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院成為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)南(nan)(nan)贛(gan)(gan)寧三府(fu)一(yi)(yi)州(zhou)(zhou)官辦書(shu)(shu)院,清末為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)南(nan)(nan)贛(gan)(gan)汀道(dao)道(dao)立(li)(li)書(shu)(shu)院。光緒二十(shi)四年(1898),在濂溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院內創辦致用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)(xue)堂,這是(shi)贛(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)創辦新學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)先聲。光緒二十(shi)八(ba)(1902),贛(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)巡道(dao)劉心源(yuan)和地(di)方(fang)紳(shen)士劉心源(yuan)和地(di)方(fang)紳(shen)士劉景熙(xi)將(jiang)整個濂溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院改辦為(wei)(wei)(wei)虔南(nan)(nan)師(shi)范。此后(hou),先后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)南(nan)(nan)贛(gan)(gan)寧師(shi)范學(xue)(xue)堂、贛(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)寧師(shi)范學(xue)(xue)堂、省立(li)(li)第(di)二師(shi)范學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)、省立(li)(li)贛(gan)(gan)縣區中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)(xue)、省立(li)(li)第(di)三中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)(xue)。1933年8月(yue)起,復名(ming)省立(li)(li)贛(gan)(gan)縣區中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)(xue),成為(wei)(wei)(wei)當時贛(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)最高學(xue)(xue)府(fu)。解(jie)放后(hou),改名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)江西省立(li)(li)贛(gan)(gan)州(zhou)(zhou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)(xue)。1953年,改名(ming)江西省贛(gan)(gan)州(zhou)(zhou)市第(di)一(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)(xue)至今(jin)。濂溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)院自創建以來,三易其(qi)地(di),已有900多年的(de)(de)歷史,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)夜話亭(ting)現(xian)保存在贛(gan)(gan)州(zhou)(zhou)市第(di)一(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)(xue)院內。故(gu)水東可稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)贛(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)教育的(de)(de)發(fa)祥地(di)。
我生近圣人居,教澤(ze)如(ru)新,敢忘魯壁金絲,尼(ni)山木鐸;
此來繼賢者后,風流未(wei)泯,竊愿士崇禮儀,俗尚弦歌。
佚名題濂溪書院
夜話亭
夜(ye)(ye)話(hua)(hua)亭(ting)(ting)(ting),位于(yu)江西贛(gan)(gan)州(zhou)(zhou)古城(cheng)區東南(nan),現厚(hou)德路的(de)贛(gan)(gan)州(zhou)(zhou)市第(di)(di)一中學內。旁有(you)一泉(quan)(quan),相傳(chuan)南(nan)北朝劉宋(song)元嘉(jia)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(424-435年(nian)(nian)(nian)),一夕雷震(zhen),泉(quan)(quan)忽涌出,遂(sui)以太(tai)守廉(lian)(lian)(lian)取(qu)名“廉(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)”。宋(song)知(zhi)軍越(yue)履祥建廉(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)。北宋(song)紹(shao)圣元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1094年(nian)(nian)(nian))蘇軾貶(bian)官嶺南(nan),過虔州(zhou)(zhou)(今贛(gan)(gan)州(zhou)(zhou)),慕名造訪當(dang)地名賢陽(yang)(yang)孝本,兩人相處(chu)甚(shen)歡,游祥符宮,觀廉(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)并(bing)在此(ci)談(tan)心(xin)至深夜(ye)(ye)和作(zuo)詩。因此(ci)后人改廉(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)夜(ye)(ye)話(hua)(hua)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)。清(qing)康熙(xi)六十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1721年(nian)(nian)(nian))撤亭(ting)(ting)(ting)建坊(fang),額為(wei)(wei)“贛(gan)(gan)第(di)(di)一泉(quan)(quan)”。乾(qian)隆四(si)十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1778年(nian)(nian)(nian))易坊(fang)為(wei)(wei)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)。額為(wei)(wei)“光風霽月”,并(bing)仍(reng)懸(xuan)“贛(gan)(gan)第(di)(di)一泉(quan)(quan)”匾于(yu)此(ci)。夜(ye)(ye)話(hua)(hua)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)新建,尚存乾(qian)隆濂溪書院(yuan)山長(chang)吳湘皋刻的(de)《蘇陽(yang)(yang)二公夜(ye)(ye)話(hua)(hua)圖》碑。列為(wei)(wei)省級文物保護單位。
汝城濂溪書院
2001年以(yi)來,汝(ru)城(cheng)縣委、縣政(zheng)(zheng)府按照文(wen)(wen)物(wu)“修(xiu)舊如舊”的(de)原則(ze)對濂溪(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)進行了(le)(le)修(xiu)復,完(wan)成了(le)(le)廣場建設(she)、前坪鋪設(she)、室內(nei)陳列以(yi)及美化(hua)(hua)亮化(hua)(hua)工程(cheng),全面提升了(le)(le)書院(yuan)的(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)品位,受到了(le)(le)上級(ji)領導和湖南省周敦(dun)頤研(yan)究專(zhuan)家的(de)好評。重修(xiu)后的(de)濂溪(xi)(xi)書院(yuan)成為了(le)(le)汝(ru)城(cheng)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)事業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)亮點(dian)(dian)和游覽(lan)觀光的(de)熱點(dian)(dian),是愛國(guo)主義教育和保(bao)持共產(chan)黨員先(xian)進性教育基地,黨政(zheng)(zheng)要員、莘(xin)莘(xin)學(xue)子、文(wen)(wen)人墨客拜(bai)謁者(zhe)絡繹(yi)不絕。