歷史沿革
大院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始建于1917年(nian)(nian),據了(le)解是原吉(ji)(ji)林省(sheng)(當時黑龍江省(sheng)東部屬于吉(ji)(ji)林省(sheng))警察廳廳長張冀(ji)為其姨(yi)太大蓋的一所(suo)私宅。占地面(mian)(mian)積(ji)5760平(ping)方米,外圍有(you)兩米高青(qing)磚墻(qiang),院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內建筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)650平(ping)方米,共(gong)(gong)有(you)青(qing)磚灰瓦木(mu)結(jie)構的硬山(shan)式(shi)房(fang)屋35間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),分為東、西(xi)(xi)兩院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan), 中間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)一月亮(liang)門相(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)(tong),東院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是典(dian)型(xing)型(xing)的三(san)合(he)(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),一正(zheng)兩廂(xiang)各(ge)五(wu)(wu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),共(gong)(gong)u間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),前有(you)內墻(qiang)與(yu)外墻(qiang)相(xiang)(xiang)隔, 內墻(qiang)正(zheng)中為一木(mu)結(jie)構青(qing)瓦預瀠脊垂花(hua)門樓(lou)。三(san)合(he)(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)集(ji)中體現(xian)了(le)整個舊(jiu)址的中園古典(dian)宮庭(ting)式(shi)建筑(zhu)特色,房(fang)頂(ding)均覆青(qing)瓦,正(zheng)脊上立有(you)鴟(chi)吻,廊(lang)惦前突,紅色木(mu)質外廊(lang)明柱托(tuo)舉起一帶額枋,上面(mian)(mian)雕染畫棟,墻(qiang)面(mian)(mian)飾(shi)有(you)寓意吉(ji)(ji)祥的小型(xing)浮雕,精(jing)美別致(zhi),給人義富煎(jian)莊(zhuang)嚴之感。西(xi)(xi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為四合(he)(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),東西(xi)(xi)南北(bei)房(fang)各(ge)五(wu)(wu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),南北(bei)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)十一門洞,兩院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)月亮(liang)門相(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)(tong)。1946年(nian)(nian)十月,四野(ye)的指揮部進駐該地,其東院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為前線指揮部及(ji)后勤保衛人員居住,西(xi)(xi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)樞紐處,有(you)通(tong)(tong)向前線和各(ge)縱隊(dui)的電臺十二部,即使在七十多年(nian)(nian)后的今天(tian),我(wo)們仍然(ran)可以想(xiang)見當年(nian)(nian)的繁忙景(jing)象。
前線指揮部(bu)在雙城(cheng)的(de)兩年里,我英(ying)勇的(de)第四野戰軍以排山倒(dao)海(hai)之(zhi)勢(shi)(shi)痛擊(ji)國(guo)民(min)黨反動勢(shi)(shi)力。先(xian)后指揮大小戰斗、戰役二(er)十(shi)二(er)次,其(qi)中有新開嶺戰役,三(san)下江(jiang)南(nan)、四保臨江(jiang)戰役;夏季(ji)(ji)攻(gong)勢(shi)(shi)、秋季(ji)(ji)攻(gong)勢(shi)(shi)和(he)冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)攻(gong)勢(shi)(shi),并成功策劃了歷時(shi)50天,殲敵(di)47萬的(de)遼沈(shen)戰役,為解放全東(dong)北(bei),繼而(er)奪取全國(guo)的(de)勝利作出了不可磨滅的(de)卓(zhuo)越貢獻。
解放(fang)前夕,彭真、林彪、羅榮桓(huan)、劉亞樓(lou)、高崗、陳云(yun)、 呂正操(cao)、李富春、程子華(hua)、 肖(xiao)勁(jing)光等四野(ye)及中共東(dong)北地區領(ling)導在(zai)雙城活(huo)動很多,解放(fang)后(hou), “四野(ye)”先(xian)后(hou)誕生(sheng)了(le)521位高級將領(ling),也(ye)曾涌現出渡海英(ying)雄(xiong)團,鐵塔英(ying)雄(xiong)等光輝群體和董存瑞等一大批英(ying)雄(xiong)戰士。
景點發展
現在的(de)第四(si)野戰(zhan)(zhan)軍前(qian)線(xian)指(zhi)(zhi)揮部舊址,經過整修后,這座建(jian)筑和(he)革命歷史(shi)(shi)遺(yi)址徹(che)底恢(hui)復了原貌,初步建(jian)立(li)了“四(si)野”前(qian)線(xian)指(zhi)(zhi)揮部舊址紀(ji)念館和(he)雙城(cheng)文(wen)史(shi)(shi)館。現東(dong)三合院(yuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)舊址紀(ji)念館,設三個展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)廳(ting),正房(fang)是“四(si)野”首長辦公室、臥室和(he)作戰(zhan)(zhan)指(zhi)(zhi)揮室展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)廳(ting); 東(dong)廂(xiang)房(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“四(si)野”將帥英雄(xiong)譜展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)廳(ting); 西(xi)廂(xiang)房(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“四(si)野”戰(zhan)(zhan)史(shi)(shi)陳列(lie)室。西(xi)四(si)合院(yuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙城(cheng)文(wen)史(shi)(shi)館,設置(zhi)三個展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)廳(ting),正房(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)昌書(shu)院(yuan),東(dong)廂(xiang)房(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)物陳列(lie),西(xi)廂(xiang)房(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙城(cheng)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)史(shi)(shi)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)廳(ting)。
在“四野(ye)(ye)”離去后的近七十(shi)年(nian)時(shi)間里,各界人士(shi)紛至沓來,游(you)目(mu)聘(pin)懷,程(cheng)子華(hua)將(jiang)軍在1989年(nian)再(zai)次來到雙城(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)回首往(wang)事(shi),感慨萬千,欣然題詞(ci)盛贊雙城(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)“解放戰爭重鎮,松花江畔(pan)名城(cheng)(cheng)”。如今的四野(ye)(ye)指揮部,不(bu)僅是(shi)旅(lv)游(you)景點(dian),也是(shi)進行愛國(guo)主義教育的重要基地,已被列為(wei)全國(guo)重點(dian)文物保護單位。