介紹
圖旦達(da)(da)杰(文(wen)昌廟)民(min)俗文(wen)化景(jing)區(qu)地理位(wei)置,圖旦達(da)(da)杰民(min)俗文(wen)化景(jing)區(qu)座落在(zai)(zai)縣城(cheng)的西面三公里(li)處,遠離縣城(cheng)繁(fan)華區(qu),環(huan)境(jing)優(you)雅,安祥(xiang)寧靜,祥(xiang)云繚繞(rao),香(xiang)(xiang)煙(yan)濃濃,是隨喜者(zhe)(zhe)和香(xiang)(xiang)客的最佳祈(qi)禱所。在(zai)(zai)此寶地處,曾在(zai)(zai)蓮花(hua)生(sheng)大(da)師薩迦班支(zhi)達(da)(da)、三、五世達(da)(da)賴,瑪爾巴(ba)譯(yi)師,夏尕巴(ba)大(da)師,三世阿澆倉等(deng)大(da)德成就者(zhe)(zhe)親舉玉趾,加持(chi)寶地。解放后,又大(da)成就者(zhe)(zhe),拉茂雍增仁寶切親臨,現(xian)在(zai)(zai)的時輪寶塔處,宣(xuan)讀佛法,解脫蕓蕓,沐浴清化。在(zai)(zai)我寶剎中尚(shang)有三世阿繞(rao)活佛五佛冠(guan)及自顯(xian)玉龍(long)石(shi)。
文昌帝君
文(wen)昌(chang)封(feng)(feng)為(wei)帝(di)君,并(bing)且又(you)(you)稱(cheng)梓(zi)潼帝(di)君,當(dang)是(shi)元(yuan)仁(ren)(ren)宗(zong)時之(zhi)事。元(yuan)仁(ren)(ren)宗(zong)延佑(you)(you)三年(nian)(1 3 1 6年(nian))封(feng)(feng)梓(zi)潼神(shen)(shen)(shen)為(wei)“輔無開化文(wen)昌(chang)司(si)(si)祿宏仁(ren)(ren)帝(di)君”。梓(zi)潼神(shen)(shen)(shen)與文(wen)昌(chang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)合為(wei)一神(shen)(shen)(shen)。《明史》的《禮志(zhi)》稱(cheng),“梓(zi)潼帝(di)君,姓張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),名(ming)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi),居(ju)蜀(shu)(shu)七(qi)曲山,仕晉戰歿,人為(wei)立廟祀(si)之(zhi)”。張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)即蜀(shu)(shu)人張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)育(yu)(yu),東晉寧康二年(nian)(3 7 4年(nian))自稱(cheng)蜀(shu)(shu)王(wang)(wang)(wang),起義(yi)抗擊(ji)前秦蔡苻(fu)堅(jian)時戰死。后(hou)(hou)人為(wei)紀念張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)育(yu)(yu),即于(yu)梓(zi)潼七(qi)曲山建祠,尊奉(feng)其(qi)為(wei)雷澤龍王(wang)(wang)(wang)。后(hou)(hou)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)育(yu)(yu)祠與同山之(zhi)梓(zi)潼神(shen)(shen)(shen)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)祠合稱(cheng),張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)育(yu)(yu)即傳稱(cheng)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)。唐玄宗(zong)入蜀(shu)(shu)時,途經(jing)七(qi)曲山,有(you)感于(yu)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)英(ying)(ying)烈,遂(sui)追封(feng)(feng)其(qi)為(wei)左丞相,并(bing)重(zhong)加祭(ji)祀(si)。唐僖宗(zong)避亂入蜀(shu)(shu)時,經(jing)七(qi)曲山又(you)(you)親祀(si)梓(zi)潼神(shen)(shen)(shen),封(feng)(feng)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)為(wei)濟順王(wang)(wang)(wang),并(bing)新解佩劍獻(xian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)。宋朝帝(di)王(wang)(wang)(wang)多有(you)敕(chi)(chi)封(feng)(feng),如(ru)宋真宗(zong)封(feng)(feng)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)為(wei)英(ying)(ying)顯武烈王(wang)(wang)(wang),宋光宗(zong)時封(feng)(feng)為(wei)忠(zhong)文(wen)仁(ren)(ren)武孝(xiao)德圣烈王(wang)(wang)(wang),宋理(li)宗(zong)時封(feng)(feng)為(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)文(wen)圣武孝(xiao)德忠(zhong)仁(ren)(ren)王(wang)(wang)(wang)。元(yuan)仁(ren)(ren)宗(zong)延佑(you)(you)三年(nian)(1 3 1 6年(nian))敕(chi)(chi)封(feng)(feng)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)為(wei)鋪(pu)元(yuan)開化文(wen)昌(chang)司(si)(si)祿宏仁(ren)(ren)帝(di)君。于(yu)是(shi)梓(zi)潼神(shen)(shen)(shen)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)遂(sui)被稱(cheng)為(wei)文(wen)昌(chang)帝(di)君。
忠主孝親文(wen)昌帝(di)君除有(you)抗擊戰(zhan)死(si)、忠主之功績外,《梓潼(tong)帝(di)君化書(shu)》稱,張亞子(zi)“生及冠,母病疽重(zhong),乃為(wei)吮之,并于中夜自(zi)割股(gu)肉烹(peng)而(er)供(gong),母病遂愈(yu)。后值瘟疫流(liu)行,夢神授以《大(da)洞仙經(jing)》并法(fa)篆、謂可治邪社(she)瘟,行之果(guo)驗”。因(yin)此,文(wen)昌帝(di)君也(ye)是慈祥孝親的楷模。成書(shu)于宋元時的《文(wen)昌帝(di)君陰騭文(wen)》列(lie)舉古代(dai)士(shi)人行善(shan)(shan)得福(fu)的事例,說明善(shan)(shan)有(you)善(shan)(shan)報、惡有(you)惡報,“近報則在(zai)自(zi)己,遠報則在(zai)兒(er)孫”的因(yin)果(guo)報應,勸人行善(shan)(shan)積德。
《文(wen)昌帝(di)君(jun)陰騭文(wen)》稱,文(wen)昌帝(di)君(jun)曾七十三次化生人(ren)間(jian),世為(wei)士大夫,為(wei)官清廉,從未酷民(min)性烈,同科(ke)霜白日之(zhi)(zhi)不可侵(qin)犯。“濟人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)難,救人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)急(ji),憫人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)孤,容人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)過(guo),廣行陰騭,上格蒼(cang)穹(qiong)”。因此(ci),天帝(di)命文(wen)昌帝(di)君(jun)掌(zhang)天曹(cao)桂籍(ji)文(wen)昌之(zhi)(zhi)事。凡世間(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)鄉舉(ju)里選,大此(ci)制(zhi)科(ke),大此(ci)制(zhi)科(ke),服(fu)色祿(lu)秩,封贈奏子,乃至二府(fu)進退等等,都歸文(wen)昌黨群(qun)管理。