芒果视频下载

普(pu)定水(shui)電(dian)站位于烏(wu)江(jiang)上游(you)南(nan)源(yuan)三(san)岔(cha)河的(de)中游(you)、貴(gui)州省普(pu)定縣境內，距貴(gui)陽市131km。本(ben)工程以 發(fa)電(dian)為(wei)主(zhu)，兼有供(gong)水(shui)、灌溉(gai)、養殖及旅游(you)等(deng)綜合效益。電(dian)站裝(zhuang)機容量7．5萬kW（3×2．5），保(bao)證出力1．5萬kW，年平均發(fa)電(dian)量3．4億kW·h，主(zhu)要滿足普(pu)定、織金等(deng)地區用電(dian)，還可(ke)增加下(xia)游(you)東風、烏(wu)江(jiang)渡等(deng)電(dian)站保(bao)證出力約4萬kW。

歷史

介紹

普(pu)定水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站于1995年建成發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，裝有(you)3臺25MW水(shui)(shui)(shui)輪(lun)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)。設計多年平(ping)均發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)3.16kW.h，年利(li)用小時約4,213h。從普(pu)定水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站1996年至(zhi)2003年運行情況看，8年間水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫累計來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)327.8億(yi)立方(fang)米，其(qi)中發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)195.66億(yi)立方(fang)米，占(zhan)總(zong)來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)的(de)59.7%，泄洪棄水(shui)(shui)(shui)132.14億(yi)立方(fang)米，占(zhan)總(zong)來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)的(de)40.3%。為提高(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)能資(zi)源的(de)利(li)用率，有(you)利(li)于上下游電(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)協(xie)調運行，董事會建議，開展普(pu)定水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站擴機1臺50MW發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)的(de)前(qian)期準備工(gong)作。

發展

普(pu)(pu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)下游(you)為(wei)引子(zi)(zi)渡水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)(you)3臺120MW水(shui)(shui)輪(lun)發(fa)(fa)動機(ji)，已于(yu)2003年(nian)(nian)實現(xian)投產(chan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。引子(zi)(zi)渡水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)具有(you)(you)季(ji)調節性能，正常(chang)蓄水(shui)(shui)位1,086m，死(si)水(shui)(shui)位1,052m，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容量360MW，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)最大(da)(da)引用(yong)流(liu)(liu)量435立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒。普(pu)(pu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)最大(da)(da)引用(yong)流(liu)(liu)量為(wei)188立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒，兩者相差247立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒，而普(pu)(pu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)至引子(zi)(zi)渡的區間(jian)流(liu)(liu)量僅(jin)18.8立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒。 普(pu)(pu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)擴(kuo)機(ji)后(hou)，將增加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的引用(yong)流(liu)(liu)量，提高引子(zi)(zi)渡水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)水(shui)(shui)頭和發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)益，有(you)(you)利于(yu)引子(zi)(zi)渡水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的日運(yun)行方(fang)式，同(tong)時有(you)(you)利于(yu)提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能質(zhi)量。擴(kuo)機(ji)規模裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)1臺50MW，年(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量約(yue)5,000萬(wan)kwh以上，單位電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)度投資(zi)約(yue)1.6元(yuan)(yuan)/kwh左(zuo)右(you)。經(jing)初(chu)步(bu)測算，擴(kuo)機(ji)工(gong)程(cheng)投資(zi)約(yue)10,000萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)，資(zi)金來源于(yu)自有(you)(you)資(zi)金。工(gong)程(cheng)于(yu)1991年(nian)(nian)列(lie)入國家年(nian)(nian)度基(ji)建(jian)(jian)計劃開工(gong)項目，工(gong)程(cheng)由(you)國家能源投資(zi)公司與貴(gui)州省電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力局合資(zi)建(jian)(jian)設。由(you)貴(gui)州省電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力局負責工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設及籌集資(zi)金，并履行業(ye)主(zhu)職責。 主(zhu)體工(gong)程(cheng)量：土石方(fang)開挖(wa)為(wei)27萬(wan)余(yu)立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，混凝土為(wei)21萬(wan)余(yu)立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，總(zong)工(gong)期4年(nian)(nian)，總(zong)投資(zi)1.93億元(yuan)(yuan)。

庫區地形地質

庫區地處灰巖地區，巖溶發育。庫區兩岸有相對隔水層包圍，且北與六沖河、南與北盤江均有地下分水嶺存在，水位高程均遠高于正常蓄水位，不會產生鄰谷滲漏。岸坡基巖成層分布，傾角平緩，不存在岸(an)坡坍(tan)滑問題。壩址位于(yu)灰(hui)巖(yan)和白云(yun)巖(yan)地段，兩(liang)岸(an)陡峻，巖(yan)層走向N35°～40°E，傾向NW，傾(qing)角18°～20°。壩址主要(yao)斷層有20條，大(da)多為高(gao)角度平(ping)移斷層，斷距小，影響帶(dai)窄(zhai)，規(gui)模不大(da)(da)，延(yan)伸不(bu)遠(yuan)，且大(da)(da)多膠結良(liang)好(hao)。大(da)(da)壩帷幕采(cai)用懸掛布置(zhi)，處理深度以單位(wei)吸水率小(xiao)于(yu)3Alu（呂容(rong)）的界(jie)限(xian)為下限(xian)。壩區(qu)地震烈(lie)度(du)(du)為6度(du)(du)。

設計

壩(ba)(ba)址控制流(liu)(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積5871平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里(li)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)域內雨量(liang)(liang)豐沛，多(duo)(duo)年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)年降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)1181mm。壩(ba)(ba)址實測最(zui)大(da)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang) 為(wei)3380立方(fang)米/秒(miao)，實測最(zui)小流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)8．8立方(fang)米/秒(miao)，壩(ba)(ba)址多(duo)(duo)年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)年徑流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)38．8億(yi)立方(fang)米，多(duo)(duo)年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)為(wei) 123立方(fang)米/秒(miao)，多(duo)(duo)年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)年輸沙(sha)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)406萬(wan)t，多(duo)(duo)年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)懸沙(sha)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)1．042kg/立方(fang)米。

庫(ku)區地(di)處灰(hui)巖(yan)地(di)區，巖(yan)溶發育(yu)。庫(ku)區兩(liang)岸有相對(dui)隔水層(ceng)(ceng)包圍，且北(bei)與(yu)六沖河、南與(yu)北(bei)盤江均有 地(di)下分水嶺(ling)存在(zai)，水位高(gao)(gao)程均遠(yuan)高(gao)(gao)于正常蓄(xu)水位，不(bu)(bu)會產生鄰谷滲漏。岸坡(po)基(ji)巖(yan)成(cheng)層(ceng)(ceng)分布(bu)(bu)，傾(qing)角(jiao)平緩，不(bu)(bu)存在(zai)岸坡(po)坍滑問題。壩(ba)址位于灰(hui)巖(yan)和白云巖(yan)地(di)段，兩(liang)岸陡峻，巖(yan)層(ceng)(ceng)走向N35°-40°E，傾(qing)向NW，傾(qing)角(jiao)18°-20°。壩(ba)址主(zhu)要斷層(ceng)(ceng)有20條，大(da)(da)多為高(gao)(gao)角(jiao)度(du)平移斷層(ceng)(ceng)，斷距小(xiao)，影(ying)響帶(dai)窄，規模不(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)，延伸不(bu)(bu)遠(yuan)，且大(da)(da)多膠(jiao)結(jie)良(liang)好。大(da)(da)壩(ba)帷幕采用(yong)懸掛布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)，處理深度(du)以單位吸(xi)水率小(xiao)于3Alu（呂(lv)容）的(de)界限為下限。壩(ba)區地(di)震烈度(du)為6度(du)。

水(shui)庫正(zheng)常蓄水(shui)位(wei)為1145m，總庫容4.2億立(li)方(fang)米，庫區淹沒面積為14平方(fang)公里，遷移人口5466人，淹沒耕地7600畝(mu)。整個樞紐由碾壓混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土拱壩(ba)(ba)、壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)溢洪道、沖(chong)沙孔(kong)、右岸引水(shui)式地面廠房(fang)等(deng)建筑物(wu)組成。大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)采(cai)用(yong)單(dan)心圓拱壩(ba)(ba)，呈不對稱布置，右岸設有(you)30m長(chang)的(de)重力墩。中部設有(you)4孔(kong)寬12．5m、高(gao)16m的(de)表(biao)孔(kong)，采(cai)用(yong)高(gao)低(di)坎分(fen)流(liu)對撞消(xiao)能。最大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)高(gao)75m，壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)弧(hu)長(chang)165.67，壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)總長(chang)195.67，壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)寬6.3，厚高(gao)比為1∶0.386。筑壩(ba)(ba)采(cai)用(yong)高(gao)摻(chan)粉煤(mei)灰低(di)水(shui)泥用(yong)量干硬性碾壓混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土，并(bing)由碾壓混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土自身防滲(shen)。壩(ba)(ba)體混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土量13萬余立(li)方(fang)米。

右岸引水(shui)系統由(you)進水(shui)塔(ta)、引水(shui)隧洞(dong)、壓力(li)斜井和壓力(li)管(guan)道組(zu)成(cheng)，全長290m，最大洞(dong)徑8m。岔管(guan)采(cai)用鋼筋混凝土岔管(guan)。廠房位于壩下游(you)(you)160m處，由(you)主機間、安裝(zhuang)間、上游(you)(you)副廠房、左副廠房，進廠交(jiao)通洞(dong)及電梯塔(ta)組(zu)成(cheng)。

由于河谷狹窄，洪枯水(shui)(shui)位變幅大(da)，廠(chang)房采用半封閉式布(bu)(bu)置。長76.6，最大(da)寬(kuan)(kuan)32.6。開關站布(bu)(bu)置在廠(chang)房后坡，長120m，寬(kuan)(kuan)38m。施工導(dao)流采用隧洞導(dao)流方案，導(dao)流設計流量為(wei)560立方米/秒(miao)。上、下游圍堰為(wei)土石過水(shui)(shui)圍堰，最大(da)堰高19.5。導(dao)流洞全長470m，洞身不襯(chen)砌。

運行發電

由(you)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)紅楓(feng)水力發電(dian)(dian)廠代管的普定水電(dian)(dian)站發電(dian)(dian)量已(yi)達到3.141548億(yi)千瓦(wa)時，提前67天圓滿完成(cheng)年計劃3.14億(yi)千瓦(wa)時的發電(dian)(dian)任務。

三(san)岔河流域降雨(yu)相對(dui)平穩，來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)基(ji)本接(jie)近正常(chang)(chang)年(nian)份，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)運行(xing)情況正常(chang)(chang)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量共計320413.7萬立方米，比去年(nian)同期(qi)(qi)多(duo)75475.2萬立方米。汛(xun)期(qi)(qi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)站與水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工值班人員密切配合(he)，合(he)理調度(du)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)，充分利(li)用發電(dian)(dian)(dian)“消水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)”，合(he)理利(li)用沖沙底孔(kong)泄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，采用“多(duo)開少(shao)放(fang)”的方法，將水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)維持在較高(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位運行(xing)，在多(duo)蓄了水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的同時，也提高(gao)了水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)能(neng)利(li)用率，為電(dian)(dian)(dian)站多(duo)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)奠定(ding)了基(ji)礎。

在總(zong)廠的(de)統一(yi)安(an)(an)排和指導(dao)下，電站配(pei)合機(ji)電公司在汛前完成(cheng)了1號機(ji)大(da)(da)修、1號蝶閥(fa)大(da)(da)修等(deng)大(da)(da)型工作，消除(chu)了影響安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生產的(de)重(zhong)大(da)(da)缺陷，確保了主(zhu)設備的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)可靠(kao)性；通過全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)站職工共(gong)同努力，認真(zhen)開展以“加強管理、確保安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、提(ti)高(gao)效(xiao)益(yi)”為(wei)目標的(de)“管理效(xiao)益(yi)年活(huo)動”，高(gao)度重(zhong)視安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生產及計量管理工作，加強設備消缺及運(yun)行維護管理，為(wei)發電任務的(de)完成(cheng)提(ti)供了有力的(de)保證。

技術維修

水電站對液(ye)壓啟閉機進行了改(gai)造(zao)和(he)維修。有關(guan)專家結合普定水電站液(ye)壓啟閉機改(gai)造(zao)和(he)維修工作的經驗，解決了液(ye)壓啟閉機閘(zha)門開啟至工作高(gao)位時啟閉機不(bu)能鎖定、閘(zha)門下滑量很(hen)大的原因(yin)，并(bing)介紹相應解決問題的措施。