水(shui)(shui)調歌頭(tou),詞牌名(ming)(ming),又(you)名(ming)(ming)“元會(hui)曲”“凱歌”臺城游“水(shui)(shui)調歌”“花(hua)犯念奴”“花(hua)犯”。以毛滂《元會(hui)曲·九(jiu)(jiu)金增宋重》為正體(ti),雙調九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)字(zi),前段(duan)九(jiu)(jiu)句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun),后段(duan)十(shi)(shi)句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)。另有(you)雙調九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)字(zi),前段(duan)九(jiu)(jiu)句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)、兩仄韻(yun)(yun),后段(duan)十(shi)(shi)句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)、兩仄韻(yun)(yun);雙調九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)字(zi),前段(duan)九(jiu)(jiu)句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)、五(wu)(wu)葉韻(yun)(yun),后段(duan)十(shi)(shi)句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)、五(wu)(wu)葉韻(yun)(yun)等(deng)變體(ti)。代(dai)表作品(pin)有(you)蘇軾《水(shui)(shui)調歌頭(tou)·明月(yue)幾時有(you)》、陳亮(liang)《水(shui)(shui)調歌頭(tou)·送章德茂大卿使(shi)虜》、毛澤東《水(shui)(shui)調歌頭(tou)·游泳》等(deng)
“水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)歌頭(tou)”詞調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)來來源于《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》曲。《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》曲,為隋煬(yang)帝(di)所制(zhi)(zhi)。唐劉餗(su)《隋唐嘉(jia)話》說:“煬(yang)帝(di)鑿汴(bian)河(he),自(zi)制(zhi)(zhi)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)歌》。”《脞說》也說:“《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》《河(he)傳》,煬(yang)帝(di)將幸江都時自(zi)制(zhi)(zhi),聲(sheng)韻悲切,帝(di)喜之。樂(le)工王(wang)令言(yan)謂其弟(di)子(zi)曰:‘不返矣,《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》《河(he)傳》但有去聲(sheng)。’”(《碧雞漫志》卷四(si)引)杜牧《揚州(zhou)》詩“誰(shui)家(jia)唱水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)”句自(zi)注亦說:“煬(yang)帝(di)鑿汴(bian)河(he)成,自(zi)造《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》。”(《樊川詩集注》卷三)雖然《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》究竟是開(kai)汴(bian)河(he)前還是汴(bian)河(he)開(kai)成后所制(zhi)(zhi),三家(jia)說法不一,但為煬(yang)帝(di)自(zi)制(zhi)(zhi),則無異辭。
到了唐代,《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》成為(wei)傳唱不(bu)衰的(de)名曲(qu)。盛(sheng)唐王昌齡有《聽流人(ren)(ren)水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)子》詩(shi)(shi)(shi):“嶺(ling)色(se)千(qian)重萬重而(er),斷弦收與(yu)淚痕深。”玄宗(zong)(zong)朝樂家(jia)許和子,開(kai)元末選(xuan)入宮(gong),改(gai)名永(yong)新(xin),“善(shan)歌(ge),能變新(xin)聲”。安史(shi)亂后,避地揚州,于舟中(zhong)“奏《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》”,金吾將軍韋青一聽,即知是“永(yong)新(xin)歌(ge)也”(段安節《樂府雜(za)錄(lu)(lu)·歌(ge)》)。可見當時《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》之(zhi)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)所熟悉的(de)程度(du)。玄宗(zong)(zong)本人(ren)(ren)也喜聽此曲(qu),逃奔(ben)蜀中(zhong)之(zhi)前(qian),登樓置酒,令善(shan)唱《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》者(zhe)登樓而(er)歌(ge),“聞之(zhi),潸(shan)然出涕”(李德裕(yu)《次柳(liu)氏舊聞》。又(you)見《本事詩(shi)(shi)(shi)·事感第(di)二》《明皇雜(za)錄(lu)(lu)》)。中(zhong)唐白居易有《聽水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》詩(shi)(shi)(shi):“不(bu)會當時翻曲(qu)意,此聲腸斷為(wei)何人(ren)(ren)?”晚唐羅隱亦(yi)有《席上歌(ge)水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》:“若使(shi)煬皇魂魄在,為(wei)君應合過江來。”
直到五代北(bei)宋,《水調(diao)》仍(reng)在傳唱(chang)。鄭文寶《南唐舊事(shi)》即載(zai)元(yuan)宗“嘗(chang)乘醉,命樂工楊花飛(fei)奏《水調(diao)辭(ci)》進酒”。馮延巳《拋球樂》亦有(you)(you)“水調(diao)聲(sheng)長(chang)醉里聽”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)句。北(bei)宋張(zhang)先《天(tian)仙子》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“水調(diao)數(shu)聲(sheng)持酒聽”更為人所熟悉。與(yu)張(zhang)先同(tong)時而略(lve)晚(wan)的劉敞《公是集》有(you)(you)《揚(yang)州聞歌》詩:“淮南舊有(you)(you)于遮舞,隋(sui)俗今傳水調(diao)聲(sheng)。”一支樂曲能傳唱(chang)四五百年,其魅力之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da),不難想見(jian)。
《水(shui)(shui)調》,在唐代有大(da)(da)曲(qu)、小(xiao)曲(qu)之(zhi)分。大(da)(da)曲(qu)《水(shui)(shui)調》歌(ge),“凡十一(yi)疊(die),前五(wu)(wu)疊(die)為歌(ge),后六疊(die)為入(ru)破。其(qi)歌(ge),第五(wu)(wu)疊(die)五(wu)(wu)言(yan)調,聲韻(yun)怨切。故白居易詩云:“五(wu)(wu)言(yan)一(yi)遍最殷勤,調少情多似(si)有因。不會當時翻曲(qu)意,此聲腸斷為何人?’”《樂府詩集(ji)》卷七十九(jiu)按,《樂府詩集(ji)》所載十一(yi)疊(die)《水(shui)(shui)調》,第一(yi)至第四(si)疊(die)(遍)歌(ge)為七言(yan),第五(wu)(wu)疊(die)為五(wu)(wu)言(yan);入(ru)破第一(yi)至第五(wu)(wu)為七言(yan),第六轍又為五(wu)(wu)言(yan)。
《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》小曲,是單曲歌唱(參任半塘《唐聲詩》下編卷十三)。王昌齡所(suo)聽《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)子》即是小曲。當時(shi)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》主要以笛(di)子演(yan)奏,唐大(da)曲《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》的第二疊歌辭即說“笛(di)倚(yi)新(xin)翻水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)歌”,南唐馮(feng)延(yan)巳《采桑(sang)子》也說:“水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)何(he)人吹笛(di)聲?”
“唐又有新《水(shui)(shui)調(diao)》,亦商調(diao)曲也”(《樂府詩集》卷七(qi)十九)。《碧雞漫志》卷四也說白居易《看采菱(ling)》詩所言“時唱一曲新水(shui)(shui)調(diao),謾(man)人(ren)道是(shi)采菱(ling)歌”,是(shi)指(zhi)“《水(shui)(shui)調(diao)》中新腔”。
唐代的《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》,又指音調(diao)(diao)(diao)名,即(ji)一(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)樂(le)(le)的總名(非(fei)一(yi)(yi)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)專名)。《唐會要(yao)》卷(juan)三十三所載(zai)(zai)“南(nan)昌(chang)商,時(shi)號水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)”,即(ji)指音調(diao)(diao)(diao)而(er)言。宋玉灼《碧雞漫(man)志》卷(juan)四說:“《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)歌》:《理道要(yao)訣(jue)》所載(zai)(zai)唐樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)南(nan)宮商,時(shi)號《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》。予數見唐人(ren)說《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》,各有(you)不同,予因(yin)疑(yi)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》非(fei)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)名,乃俗呼音調(diao)(diao)(diao)之(zhi)(zhi)異名,今(jin)決矣(yi)。……按外(wai)史《鑄機(ji)》云(yun):‘王(wang)衍(yan)泛舟巡院(yuan)中,舟子皆衣錦繡,自(zi)制(zhi)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)·銀漢(han)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)》。’此《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》中制(zhi)《銀漢(han)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)》也(ye)。王(wang)衍(yan)所制(zhi)《銀汗曲(qu)(qu)(qu)》,屬《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》樂(le)(le)部(bu)(bu)中之(zhi)(zhi)曲(qu)(qu)(qu),故《銀漢(han)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)》前(qian)冠以《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》。毛先舒《填詞名解》卷(juan)三據此亦說:“《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》者,一(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)樂(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)名也(ye);《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)歌》者,一(yi)(yi)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)名也(ye)。”
“水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頭(tou)(tou)”,則是截取(qu)大曲(qu)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》的(de)首(shou)章另倚新聲而成。《填詞名(ming)解(jie)》說:“歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頭(tou)(tou),又曲(qu)之(zhi)始音,如‘六州歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頭(tou)(tou)’‘氐州第一’之(zhi)類。《海(hai)錄(lu)碎事》云:‘煬帝開(kai)汴河,自(zi)造《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》,其歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頗(po)多,謂之(zhi)《歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頭(tou)(tou)》,首(shou)章之(zhi)一解(jie)也。顧從敬《詩馀箋釋》云:‘明(ming)皇欲幸蜀時,猶(you)聽唱《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》,至‘唯有(you)年年秋雁飛(fei)(fei)’,因(yin)(yin)潸然,嘆嶠(jiao)真才子!不待曲(qu)終。’水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)曲(qu)頗(po)廣,因(yin)(yin)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)止(zhi)首(shou)解(jie),故(gu)謂之(zhi)《歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頭(tou)(tou)》。或云南唐元宗留心內(nei)寵,擊鞫(ju)無(wu)虛日。樂(le)工楊(yang)花(hua)飛(fei)(fei)奏《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》詞,但唱‘南朝天(tian)子愛風流’一句(ju),如是數四,以(yi)為諷(feng)諫。后人(ren)(ren)廣其意為詞,以(yi)其第一句(ju),故(gu)稱‘水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頭(tou)(tou)’云。”“水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頭(tou)(tou)”與唐人(ren)(ren)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》所屬(shu)宮調(diao)(diao)不同。唐代的(de)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》,屬(shu)商(shang)調(diao)(diao)曲(qu);宋(song)代的(de)“水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頭(tou)(tou)”,則為中呂調(diao)(diao)(《碧雞漫志》卷(juan)四)。故(gu)《詞譜》卷(juan)二十三說:“凡大曲(qu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)頭(tou)(tou),另倚新聲也。”
“水調歌(ge)(ge)頭”一調,有不同異名(ming)(ming)。毛滂詞(ci)名(ming)(ming)《元會曲》,張(zhang)矩詞(ci)名(ming)(ming)《凱歌(ge)(ge)》,吳(wu)文英詞(ci)《江南好》,賀鑄詞(ci)名(ming)(ming)《臺城游》,汪相如(ru)詞(ci)名(ming)(ming)《水調歌(ge)(ge)》,姜夔詞(ci)名(ming)(ming)《花犯念(nian)奴》,明楊慎詞(ci)名(ming)(ming)《花犯》。
正體,雙調九十(shi)(shi)五(wu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),前段(duan)(duan)九句(ju)(ju)(ju)四(si)平韻,后段(duan)(duan)十(shi)(shi)句(ju)(ju)(ju)四(si)平韻。以毛(mao)滂《元會曲(qu)·九金增宋(song)重》為代表(biao)。此(ci)調以此(ci)詞(ci)(ci)及周詞(ci)(ci)、蘇(su)詞(ci)(ci)為正體,若賀詞(ci)(ci)之偷聲(sheng),王詞(ci)(ci)、劉(liu)詞(ci)(ci)之添字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),傅詞(ci)(ci)之減字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),皆變(bian)體也。此(ci)詞(ci)(ci)前后段(duan)(duan)不(bu)間(jian)入仄(ze)(ze)(ze)韻,宋(song)詞(ci)(ci)俱如此(ci)填。其前段(duan)(duan)第三(san)、四(si)句(ju)(ju)(ju),后段(duan)(duan)第四(si)、五(wu)句(ju)(ju)(ju),俱四(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)一(yi)句(ju)(ju)(ju)、七字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)一(yi)句(ju)(ju)(ju),其七字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)句(ju)(ju)(ju)并作拗體。惟(wei)葛郯詞(ci)(ci)“翠光千頃(qing),為誰來去為誰留”、“跳(tiao)珠翻沫,轟雷(lei)掣電幾時(shi)收”,呂渭老詞(ci)(ci)“醉魂(hun)何在,應騎箕尾(wei)到青天”、“黃(huang)粱未熟,經游都在夢魂(hun)間(jian)”,劉(liu)過詞(ci)(ci)“日高花困,海棠(tang)風暖(nuan)想(xiang)都開”,“人生行(xing)樂,且(qie)須痛飲(yin)莫辭(ci)杯”,“誰”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“雷(lei)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“騎”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“游”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“棠(tang)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“須”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)俱平聲(sheng),與此(ci)異(yi)。又前段(duan)(duan)起句(ju)(ju)(ju),毛(mao)詞(ci)(ci)別(bie)首(shou)“金馬空故事(shi)”,辛(xin)棄疾(ji)詞(ci)(ci)“四(si)坐(zuo)且(qie)勿語”,葉夢得詞(ci)(ci)“修眉掃遙碧”。換頭三(san)句(ju)(ju)(ju),毛(mao)詞(ci)(ci)別(bie)首(shou)“雙石(shi)健,含古色,照新堂(tang)”,“石(shi)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“古”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)俱仄(ze)(ze)(ze)聲(sheng)。蘇(su)軾詞(ci)(ci)“眾(zhong)鳥里,真彩鳳(feng),獨不(bu)鳴”,“彩”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“不(bu)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)俱仄(ze)(ze)(ze)聲(sheng)。辛(xin)詞(ci)(ci)“回首(shou)處,云(yun)正出,鳥倦(juan)飛”,“首(shou)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“正”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“倦(juan)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)俱仄(ze)(ze)(ze)聲(sheng),俱與此(ci)詞(ci)(ci)異(yi)。
變體一,雙調(diao)(diao)九十(shi)五字(zi),前(qian)段(duan)九句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)四(si)平(ping)韻(yun),后段(duan)十(shi)句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)四(si)平(ping)韻(yun)。以(yi)周紫芝《水調(diao)(diao)歌頭·丙午(wu)登白鷺亭作》為代表。此(ci)詞(ci)(ci)前(qian)段(duan)第(di)三句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)六(liu)(liu)字(zi),第(di)四(si)句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)五字(zi),后段(duan)第(di)四(si)句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)六(liu)(liu)字(zi),第(di)五句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)五字(zi),與(yu)毛詞(ci)(ci)異。按(an)蘇軾詞(ci)(ci)“中年親(qin)友離別,絲竹緩離憂(you)”、“故鄉歸去千里(li),佳處輒遲留”,葉夢得詞(ci)(ci)“倚空千嶂橫起,銀闕(que)正當(dang)中”、“遙知(zhi)玉斧初斲,重到(dao)廣(guang)寒(han)宮”,正與(yu)此(ci)同。宋詞(ci)(ci)如吳(wu)文英、劉(liu)克莊、方岳(yue),金元詞(ci)(ci)如蔡松(song)年、王(wang)庭筠(yun)、元好問、趙(zhao)孟頫,皆如此(ci)填(tian)。
變體二,雙調(diao)九十(shi)五字(zi),前段(duan)(duan)九句(ju)(ju)四(si)平韻(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)、兩(liang)仄(ze)(ze)韻(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun),后(hou)段(duan)(duan)十(shi)句(ju)(ju)四(si)平韻(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)、兩(liang)仄(ze)(ze)韻(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)。以蘇軾(shi)《水(shui)調(diao)歌頭·明(ming)月幾時有(you)(you)》為代表(biao)。此(ci)(ci)詞前段(duan)(duan)第(di)(di)五、六句(ju)(ju),后(hou)段(duan)(duan)第(di)(di)六、七句(ju)(ju),間入兩(liang)仄(ze)(ze)韻(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)。按劉(liu)仲芳(fang)詞“極(ji)目平沙千里,惟見雕(diao)弓白羽”、“堂有(you)(you)經綸賢相,邊有(you)(you)縱橫謀將”。葉夢(meng)得詞“分付平云千里,包卷(juan)騷人遺思(si)”、“卻嘆(tan)從來賢士(shi),如我與(yu)(yu)公(gong)多(duo)矣(yi)”。辛棄疾詞“好卷(juan)垂虹千尺,只放冰壺一(yi)色”、“寄語煙波舊侶,聞道蒪鱸正美”。段(duan)(duan)克(ke)己詞“神既(ji)來兮庭宇(yu),颯颯西(xi)風(feng)吹雨(yu)”、“風(feng)外(wai)淵淵簫(xiao)鼓,醉(zui)飽滿(man)城黎(li)庶”,正與(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)同。但葉夢(meng)得詞“里”、“思(si)”、“士(shi)”、“矣(yi)”,段(duan)(duan)克(ke)己詞“宇(yu)”、“雨(yu)”、“鼓”、“庶”,前后(hou)段(duan)(duan)同一(yi)韻(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun),與(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)詞前后(hou)各(ge)韻(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)者又微(wei)有(you)(you)別。此(ci)(ci)外(wai),又有(you)(you)前段(duan)(duan)第(di)(di)五、六句(ju)(ju)押仄(ze)(ze)韻(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun),后(hou)段(duan)(duan)不押者,或有(you)(you)后(hou)段(duan)(duan)第(di)(di)六、七句(ju)(ju)押仄(ze)(ze)韻(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun),前段(duan)(duan)不押者,此(ci)(ci)則偶(ou)合,不復(fu)分體。
變體三,雙調九(jiu)十五(wu)字,前段九(jiu)句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)平(ping)韻、五(wu)葉(xie)(xie)韻,后(hou)段十句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)平(ping)韻、五(wu)葉(xie)(xie)韻。以賀鑄《臺城游·南國本瀟灑》為代(dai)表(biao)。此(ci)詞第一句(ju)(ju)押(ya)韻,以平(ping)韻為主(zhu),其(qi)仄韻,即用本部麻(ma)、馬、祃三聲葉(xie)(xie),間入(ru)平(ping)韻之內。宋人只(zhi)此(ci)一體,并無別(bie)首(shou)可校。若其(qi)前段第三、四(si)(si)句(ju)(ju),后(hou)段第五(wu)、六句(ju)(ju)俱作(zuo)四(si)(si)字一句(ju)(ju)、七字一句(ju)(ju),則(ze)與毛詞同,但不作(zuo)拗(ao)體耳(er)。
變(bian)體四(si),雙調(diao)九十七字(zi),前后段各十句、四(si)平(ping)韻。以王之道(dao)《水(shui)調(diao)歌頭·斜(xie)陽明(ming)薄暮》為代表。此(ci)與毛詞(ci)同,惟前段毛詞(ci)第四(si)句系七字(zi),此(ci)則添二(er)字(zi)作(zuo)四(si)字(zi)、五字(zi)兩句異。
變體五,雙調九(jiu)十七字(zi)(zi),前段九(jiu)句(ju)四平韻,后(hou)段十一句(ju)四平韻。以張(zhang)孝(xiao)祥(xiang)《水調歌(ge)頭·雪洗鹵塵凈》為代表。此與周詞(ci)同,惟后(hou)段周詞(ci)第四句(ju)系六字(zi)(zi),此則添二字(zi)(zi)作(zuo)四字(zi)(zi)兩(liang)句(ju)異。
變體六,雙調九十(shi)六字(zi)(zi),前段(duan)九句(ju)四平韻,后段(duan)十(shi)句(ju)四平韻。以劉因《水調歌(ge)頭·一諾(nuo)與(yu)金(jin)重》為代(dai)表。此與(yu)周詞同,惟后段(duan)第五句(ju)添一字(zi)(zi)作六字(zi)(zi)折腰(yao)句(ju)法異。
變體七,雙調九十四字(zi),前(qian)后(hou)段(duan)各九句(ju)、四平韻(yun)。以傅公謀《水調歌頭·草草三間(jian)屋》為代(dai)表(biao)。此與毛詞同,惟后(hou)段(duan)第一、二句(ju)減一字(zi)作五字(zi)句(ju)異。
格律對(dui)照(zhao)例(li)詞:《元會曲·九金增宋重》
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)平(ping)仄(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)仄(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)。
九金增宋重(zhong),八玉變秦馀(yu)。千年清浸,先凈河洛出圖書。一(yi)段升(sheng)平光景,不(bu)但五星循軌,萬點共(gong)連珠。垂衣本神圣,補袞妙工夫。
中(zhong)中(zhong)中(zhong),中(zhong)中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)平(ping)(ping)。中(zhong)平(ping)(ping)中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)平(ping)(ping)中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)平(ping)(ping)中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。
朝元去(qu),鏘環佩,冷云(yun)衢。芝房雅秦,儀鳳矯首聽笙竽。天近黃麾(hui)仗曉(xiao),春早紅(hong)鸞扇暖,遲日上(shang)金鋪。萬歲南(nan)山(shan)色,不(bu)老(lao)對唐虞(yu)。
格律對照例詞:《水調歌頭·丙午登白鷺亭(ting)作(zuo)》
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
歲(sui)晚念(nian)行役,江闊(kuo)渺風煙。六朝文(wen)物(wu)何在,回首更凄然。倚盡危樓杰觀,暗想瓊(qiong)枝璧(bi)月,羅襪步(bu)承(cheng)蓮(lian)。桃葉山前鷺,無(wu)語下寒灘(tan)。
平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
潮寂(ji)寞,浸孤壘,漲平川(chuan)。莫愁(chou)艇(ting)子何(he)處,煙樹杳無邊。玉謝堂前雙燕,空繞烏衣門巷,斜日(ri)草連天。只有臺城月,千古照嬋(chan)娟(juan)。
格律(lv)對照例詞(ci):《水(shui)調歌頭·明月幾時(shi)有》
平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze),仄(ze)仄(ze)仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)?仄(ze)仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze),仄(ze)仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)仄(ze)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)仄(ze)仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)仄(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。
明月幾(ji)時有(you),把酒問(wen)青(qing)天(tian)。不知天(tian)上宮闕,今(jin)夕(xi)是何年(nian)?我欲(yu)乘風歸去,又(you)恐瓊(qiong)樓玉宇,高處(chu)不勝寒。起舞弄清影,何似(si)在(zai)人間。
仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)?平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)。仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
轉朱閣,低(di)綺(qi)戶,照無眠。不應(ying)有恨,何事長向別時圓(yuan)?人有悲歡離合(he),月有陰晴圓(yuan)缺(que),此事古(gu)難全。但(dan)愿人長久(jiu),千里共嬋娟。
格律(lv)對照例詞:《臺城游·南國本瀟(xiao)灑(sa)》
平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。
南國本(ben)瀟灑,六代(dai)浸(jin)豪奢。臺城游冶,襞(bi)箋能賦屬(shu)宮娃。云(yun)觀(guan)登臨(lin)清夏,碧月留連長夜,吟醉送年華。回首飛鴛瓦(wa),卻羨(xian)井(jing)中(zhong)蛙。
仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
訪(fang)烏衣(yi),成白(bai)社,不容車。舊時王謝,堂前雙燕過(guo)誰家?樓外(wai)河橫斗掛,淮上潮平霜(shuang)下,檣影落(luo)寒沙。商女篷窗罅,猶唱(chang)后庭花。
格律對(dui)照例詞(ci):《水(shui)調歌頭·斜陽(yang)明薄暮》
平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
斜(xie)陽明薄暮,暗雨霽涼秋。弱云狼藉,晚來風起,席卷更無(wu)留(liu)。天外老蟾高掛(gua),皎(jiao)皎(jiao)寒光照水,金碧(bi)共沉浮(fu)。賓主(zhu)一時(shi)興,傾動庾公樓。
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
渡銀漢,溥玉露,勢如流。不妨吟(yin)賞,坐擁紅袖舞還謳。暗祝今宵素魄,助我清才逸氣(qi),穩步上(shang)瀛洲。欲識瀛洲路(lu),雄據六(liu)鰲頭。
格律對照例(li)詞:《水(shui)調(diao)歌頭·雪洗鹵(lu)塵凈》
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。
雪洗(xi)鹵塵凈(jing),風約楚云留。何人為寫(xie)悲壯,吹笛古城樓。湖海平生豪氣,關塞如(ru)今風景,剪燭看(kan)吳鉤。剩喜(xi)然(ran)犀處,駭(hai)浪(lang)與天(tian)浮(fu)。
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
憶(yi)當年,周與謝,富春秋。小(xiao)喬初嫁,香囊猶(you)在,功業(ye)故(gu)優(you)游(you)。赤壁磯頭落照(zhao),淝水橋邊衰草,渺渺喚人(ren)愁。我欲(yu)乘(cheng)風(feng)去,擊楫誓中流。
格律對照例詞:《水(shui)調歌頭·一諾與金重》
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
一(yi)諾與金重,一(yi)笑比河清。風(feng)花(hua)不遇真賞,終(zhong)古(gu)未全平。前(qian)日青春歸去,今日尊(zun)前(qian)笑語,春意滿(man)西城。花(hua)鳥喜相對,賓主眼俱(ju)明。
平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。
平生事,千(qian)古意,兩忘情(qing)。醉眠君且去我,扶我者、有門生。窗下煙江白鳥,空(kong)外(wai)浮云(yun)蒼狗,未肯便寒盟(meng)。從(cong)此洛陽社(she),莫(mo)厭小車行。
格律對照例詞:《調歌(ge)頭(tou)·草(cao)草(cao)三(san)間屋》
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
草草三間屋,愛竹(zhu)旋(xuan)添栽(zai)。碧紗窗戶,眼前都(dou)是翠云堆。一月山(shan)翁(weng)高(gao)臥(wo),踏雪水村清(qing)冷,木落遠山(shan)開。惟(wei)有平(ping)安竹(zhu),留得伴寒梅。
平(ping)平(ping)平(ping)平(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)?仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)。平(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)平(ping)。
家童(tong)開門看,有(you)誰來?客來一笑(xiao),清(qing)話(hua)煮茗更傳杯。有(you)酒只愁(chou)無(wu)客,有(you)客又愁(chou)無(wu)酒,酒熟(shu)且徘徊。明日人間事,天自有(you)安排。
(說明:詞(ci)牌格(ge)律與對照例詞(ci)交錯排列。格(ge)律使(shi)用宋體(ti)字排印,例詞(ci)使(shi)用斜體(ti)字排印。詞(ci)牌符號含(han)義(yi)如(ru)下:平(ping)(ping),表(biao)示(shi)填平(ping)(ping)聲字;仄(ze)(ze),表(biao)示(shi)填仄(ze)(ze)聲字;中(zhong),表(biao)示(shi)可(ke)平(ping)(ping)可(ke)仄(ze)(ze)。句末加粗為韻腳。)
北(bei)宋(song)·蘇舜欽《水調歌(ge)頭·滄浪亭(ting)》
北宋·蘇軾《水(shui)調歌(ge)頭·明月(yue)幾時(shi)有(you)》
北宋·蘇軾《水調歌頭(tou)·安石在東海》
北宋·蘇軾(shi)《水調歌頭(tou)·黃州(zhou)快(kuai)哉亭(ting)贈張偓佺》
北(bei)宋·蘇軾《水調歌頭·昵昵兒女(nv)語》
北宋·賀鑄《臺城(cheng)游·南國本瀟灑(sa)》
南宋·范成大《水(shui)調歌頭(tou)·細數(shu)十(shi)年事》
南(nan)宋·張孝(xiao)祥《水調(diao)歌頭·金山觀月》
南宋·張(zhang)孝祥《水調歌頭·泛(fan)湘江》
南宋·辛棄疾(ji)《水調歌頭·白日射金(jin)闕》
南(nan)宋·辛(xin)棄疾(ji)《水調(diao)歌頭·舟(zhou)次揚州和人韻》
南宋·辛棄疾《水調歌(ge)頭·壬子被(bei)召端仁相餞席上作》
南宋·辛(xin)棄疾(ji)《水調(diao)歌頭·送(song)楊民瞻》
南宋·辛棄疾《水調歌頭(tou)·盟鷗》
南宋(song)·陳亮《水調(diao)歌頭·送(song)章德(de)茂大卿使虜》
南宋·袁去華(hua)《水調歌頭·定(ding)王臺》
金末元初(chu)·元好問《水(shui)調(diao)歌(ge)頭·賦三門津》
近代·毛(mao)澤東《水調歌頭·游泳》
近代(dai)·毛澤東《水調歌頭·重上井岡山》。