城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)川(chuan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址位于(yu)內蒙古自治區鄂(e)托克(ke)前旗城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)川(chuan)蘇木東(dong)北(bei)。故城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)始建于(yu)唐開元十一(yi)年(nian)(723年(nian)),為唐代宥(you)州城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),主(zhu)要安(an)置(zhi)附唐的(de)突厥(jue)人(ren)。814年(nian)西夏復置(zhi)宥(you)州,領長澤、延恩(en)二縣。在1227年(nian)被毀。
城(cheng)川城(cheng)址地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)(chu)陜北(bei)(bei)黃(huang)土高原(yuan)和內蒙古(gu)東南(nan)部毛烏(wu)素沙(sha)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)交接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai),地(di)(di)(di)貌類型由黃(huang)土丘陵向沙(sha)地(di)(di)(di)轉變,屬于中國北(bei)(bei)方生態過渡(du)帶(dai)的(de)中段。古(gu)城(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)(chu)東西(xi)(xi)(xi)狹(xia)長的(de)草(cao)灘地(di)(di)(di)的(de)中心,草(cao)灘地(di)(di)(di)四周均為(wei)由新月(yue)形沙(sha)丘鏈構成(cheng)的(de)一(yi)望(wang)無(wu)際的(de)沙(sha)漠,草(cao)灘地(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)勢平坦,地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)位很高。古(gu)城(cheng)平面(mian)(mian)(mian)形制(zhi)呈長方形,東西(xi)(xi)(xi)長、南(nan)北(bei)(bei)窄,坐(zuo)北(bei)(bei)朝南(nan)。北(bei)(bei)墻長724米,南(nan)墻長760米,東墻長600米,西(xi)(xi)(xi)墻長602米,面(mian)(mian)(mian)積440000平方米。城(cheng)墻由灰白色沙(sha)土夯筑而成(cheng),結構堅實緊密。東、南(nan)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)三面(mian)(mian)(mian)各開一(yi)門,三門均設甕城(cheng)護衛。墻體保存較好,墻上角樓(lou)、甕城(cheng)、馬面(mian)(mian)(mian)歷歷可見,城(cheng)垣現(xian)存平均高度約(yue)8米。北(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)不設城(cheng)門,建有(you)高大的(de)夯土臺基,為(wei)敵樓(lou)遺跡(ji)。城(cheng)外四周修(xiu)有(you)護城(cheng)河,痕跡(ji)明顯,部分地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)至今仍(reng)可見積水(shui)。城(cheng)內曾經一(yi)度被辟為(wei)耕地(di)(di)(di),現(xian)已(yi)退耕還(huan)草(cao)。早年遍布陶、瓦殘片遺物。出土的(de)古(gu)代(dai)銅錢從西(xi)(xi)(xi)漢到(dao)西(xi)(xi)(xi)夏、金代(dai)均可見到(dao),唯(wei)以(yi)唐、宋(song)的(de)錢幣數量多。
城(cheng)川古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)的位置(zhi)正是漢代古(gu)(gu)奢延澤所(suo)在(zai)(zai),鉆(zhan)探結果表明城(cheng)址曾遭到焚毀(hui)。
2006年5月,被國務院分布為第六批全國文物保護單位。